Preliminary effect of proximal femoral nail antirotation on emergency treatment of senile patients with intertrochanteric fracture

Objective： To retrospectively analyse the clinical outcome of emergency treatment of senile intertrochanteric fractures with proximal femoral nail antirotation （PFNA）.
Methods： From September 2008 to March 2009, 35 senile patients with intertrochanteric fracture, aged from 65 to 92 years with an average age of 76.5 years, were treated with PFNA within 24 hours after injury. There were 10 type Ⅰ fractures, 19 type Ⅱand 6 type Ⅲ according to upgraded Evans-Jensen classification system. All patients were complicated with osteoporosis, and 19 patients had preexisting internal medical diseases. According to the rating scale of disease severity by the American Society of Anesthesiologists （ASA）, there were 9 grade Ⅰ, 14 grade Ⅱ, 8 grade Ⅲ, and 4 grade Ⅳ.
Results： The duration for operation ranged from 45 to 73 minutes with an average of 57.6 minutes. The volume of blood loss during operation ranged from 50 to 120 ml with an average of 77.5 ml. Patients could ambulate 2-4 days after operation （mean 3.5 days）. Hospital stay was 4-7 days （mean 5.3 days）. Full weight bearing time was 10-14 weeks （mean 12.8 weeks）. During hospitalization period, there was no regional or deep infection, hypostatic pneumonia, urinary tract infection and bedsore except for 2 cases of urine retention. All cases were followed up with an average period of 12.3 months, and bone healing achieved within 15-18 weeks （mean 16.6 weeks）. No complications such as delayed union, coxa vara or coxa valga, screw breakage or backout occurred and only 2 cases had troehanter bursitis because of thin body and overlong end of the antirotated nail. According to the Harris grading scale, the results were defined as excellent in 21 cases, good in 9 cases and fair in 5 cases, with the excellent and good rates of 85.7%.
Conclusion： The emergency treatment of senile intertrochanteric fracture with proximal femoral nail antirotation has the advantages of minimal invasion, easy manipulation, less blood loss, shorter length of stay, less complications, and the preliminary clinical effect is satisfactory.     

肩胛带S2区恶性肿瘤保肢术的疗效评价

目的 评估肩胛带S2区恶性肿瘤保肢术后的疗效.方法 2005年1月至2009年1月,17例肩胛带S2区恶性骨肿瘤患者行保肢术,男13例,女4例;年龄14～55岁,平均32.6岁;软骨肉瘤6例,骨肉瘤4例,纤维肉瘤、骨髓瘤、Ewing肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、恶性骨巨细胞瘤、复发的软骨肉瘤各1例.Enneking分期:Ⅰ B期4例,ⅡB期13例.按国际骨与软组织肿瘤协会(MSTS)肩胛带分区标准,11例累及S2区和外1/3 S1区,6例累及S2区和S1区.肩袖均不同程度受累,肩关节囊受累8例.14例行新辅助化疗.8例瘤体范围较广或肩关节囊受累者行人工全肩胛骨置换术,9例瘤体范围较小或肩关节囊可保留者行肩胛骨次全切除、异体肩胛骨重建、肩关节囊及肩袖修复术.结果 随访16～62个月,平均35.1个月.9例患者出现并发症,其中发生异体骨排斥反应和异体骨吸收1例,异体骨排斥反应1例,假体肩峰外露3例,异体骨吸收4例.局部复发1例,死亡3例,死亡原因均为术后肿瘤广泛转移.MSTS功能评分53.3%～93.3%,平均74.1%.结论 在肩胛带S2区保肢手术中,将肿瘤完整切除与功能重建行个体化平衡,可获得较满意的肿瘤学疗效及稳定、美观、功能良好的肩关节.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate and discuss the limb salvage strategies of malignant bone tumors in region S2 of shoulder girdle.Methods The data of 17 patients(13 males and 4 females)were retrospectivelv analyzed.All of them had malignant scapular tumor at least in region S2,and underwent limb salvage between January 2005 and January 2009.They aged from 14 to 55 years old(mean,32.6 years).The histologic types of them were chondrosarcoma in 6 patients,osteosarcoma in 4,fibrosareoma in 1,myeloma in 1,Ewing's sarcoma in 1,rhabdomyosarcoma in 1,non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 1,malignant giant cell tumor of bone in 1 and recurrent chondrosarcoma in 1.The tumors were staged according to Enneking surgical staging system:IB in 4 and IIB in 13.According to the MSTS classification system,the region S2 and lateral 1/3 of region S1 were effected in 11 cases,the region S2 and large part of region S1 were effected in 6 cases.The rotator cuff was involved to some extent in all patients,and the articular capsule were involved in 8 cases.Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was given to 14 patients.The surgical strategies were depended on the range of tumor and preservation of articular capsule.The scapular prosthetic replacement was done in 8 cases with a relatively large range of tumor or resection of articular capsule,otherwise the scapular allograft replacement was done.Among the 11 cases with region S2 and lateral 1/3 of region S1 effected,the scapular allograft replacement was done in 9 cases with articular capsule preserved and the prosthetic replacement was done in 2 cases with articular capsule resected.And the prosthetic replacement was done in the other 6 cases.The articular capsule and partial rotator cuff were preserved and reconstructed preferentially.Results All patients were followed up 16-62 months (mean,35.1 months).Postoperative complications were noted in 9 patients, including mild allograft rejection and mild allograft resorption in 1 patient,allograft rejection in 1,prosthetic acromion exposure in 3,allograft resorption in 4.Local recurrence were noted in 1 patients.Three patients were dead because of extensive metastasis.The average function scores were 74.1%(range,53.3%-93.3%).Conclusion During the limb salvage surgery.it's very important to guarantee the en bloc resection of the tumor.In the meanwhile,the en bloc resection and functional reconstruction should be well balanced.     

组配式半骨盆假体置换术后围术期康复干预对患肢功能的影响

目的探讨围术期康复治疗对骨盆恶性肿瘤半骨盆切除、组配式半骨盆+全髋关节置换术后的患肢功能的影响。方法 2004年9月—2007年5月采用半骨盆切除、组配式半骨盆假体+全髋关节置换术治疗骨盆恶性骨肿瘤8例。术后根据肿瘤切除范围、人工假体置换术后稳定性和骨盆髋周动力肌修复后的平衡程度,决定术后患肢体位、患髋活动范围、是否使用髋部支具,同时指导患者分阶段、渐进地进行患肢足踝、膝、髋关节的主被动训练,下床负重时间和步态调整。结果随访8～30个月,平均13个月。术后8个月患肢功能评定:优2例,良6例。ISOLS评分:15～26分,平均19.5分。结论①术后患者的合理体位和良好的支具保护能有效的防止髋关节早期脱位;②患肢各关节的分阶段有序的主动训练能提高骨盆和髋周肌肉肌力及其平衡度,对术后患者行走和步态有重要意义。     

国产聚-DL-乳酸螺钉力学和生物降解吸收性能的实验研究

目的　探讨国产聚 -DL -乳酸 (PDLLA)螺钉的力学和生物降解吸收性能。　方法　用黏均分子量 (Mv)达 43× 10 4的PDLLA螺钉内固定 32只犬股骨外髁骨折 ,并以金属螺钉固定为对照。动物于术后 2 ,4,8,12周处死 ,行X线摄片、螺钉力学以及骨组织内PDLLA的生物降解率(BDR)、生物吸收率 (BAR)测定。　结果　PDLLA螺钉初始剪切强度为 74.74MPa,4周时为 48.71MPa ,8周时为 2 7.6 1MPa。 12周时 ,PDLLAMv为初始的 11% ,重量保持了 86 %。X线显示 12周后两组骨折均正常愈合。　结论　国产PDLLA螺钉不需取出 ,比金属螺钉更适用于负重或非负重松质骨骨折和关节内骨折。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子缓释微球的制备及其性质研究

目的 通过碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)缓释微球的制备研究,为bFGF的缓释制剂提供科学依据。方法 以聚乳酸-聚乙二醇共聚物为包裹材料,采用复乳包囊法制备bFGF-聚乳酸-聚乙二醇共聚物缓释微球,并对微球的形态学、粒径分布、载药量、包封率和体外释药等进行研究。结果 所制备的微球表面光滑圆整,球体均匀度好;微球平均粒径为1.543±0.070 μm,平均径距为1.273±0.08;载药量和包封率分别为0.0267％和65.32％;微球的体外释药过程较为稳定,两周释药率为59.98％。结论 bFGF缓释微球比bFGF有明显的缓释作用。     

阿帕替尼治疗复发性和进展性韧带样纤维瘤的疗效与安全性分析

目的:分析阿帕替尼治疗复发性和进展性韧带样纤维瘤(desmoid fibromatosis,DF)的疗效和安全性.方法:收集2017年10月至2020年9月就诊于四川大学华西医院的复发性或进展性韧带样纤维瘤患者37例,接受靶向药物阿帕替尼治疗,起始剂量250 mg/d,根据药物不良反应调整剂量.结果:无完全缓解病例,1...     

减压分离术联合微波消融治疗胸腰椎转移瘤的初步疗效分析

目的 比较椎弓根螺钉内固定术、单纯椎板减压与联合运用病灶微波消融术在胸腰椎转移性肿瘤中的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2021年5月就诊于四川省第四人民医院收治的45例胸腰椎转移瘤伴病理性骨折的临床资料。按照手术方式分为A组25例采用椎弓根螺钉内固定联合椎板减压术，B组20例在A组的基础上联合运用了病灶微波消融灭活。患者术前均行Tokuhashi评分、Tomita评分。并通过脊柱肿瘤不稳定评分系统(SINS)评估其脊柱稳定性，并运用硬脊膜外脊柱压迫(ESCC)评分系统对脊柱压迫程度进行评价。详细记录了患者术前神经功能障碍的时间、手术持续时间、术中出血量等。并于术前及术后记录所有患者的疼痛VAS评分和SF-36生活质量评分。通过Kaplan-Meier评价系统评估患者的总体生存期。结果 45例患者均获得随访，随访时间为5～41个月，中位时间分别为19个月和21个月。术前两组患者Tomita评分、改良Tokuhashi评分、SINS评分、ESCC评分和Frankle分级差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组患者的手术持续时间差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组...