原发和转移性肝癌中Smad4,TGF—β1及TGF—βR1的表达及意义

目的：研究原发和转移性肝癌Smad4,TGF-βR1的表达及意义。方法：常规石蜡包埋切片，切片行Smad4原位杂交染色和TGF－β1，TGF－βR1 ABC免疫组化染色。结果：38例原发性肝癌（PHC）中Smad4,TGF-β1及TGF－βR1阳性率分别为42％，63％和53％，10例转移性肝癌（MHC）中阳性率分别为40％，40％和50％，PHC与MHC比较，差异无显著性，高分化，肿块最大径＜5厘米和不伴癌栓的PHC病例，Smad4,TGF-β1,TGF-βR1阳性率明显高于低分化，肿块最大径≥5cm和伴癌栓病例；MHC中表达分布情况与PHC相似，Smad4,TGF-β1和TGF－βR1在PHC在表达存在相互密切关系。结果：Smad4,TGF-β1,TGF-βR1表达与提示肝癌预后的主要临床指标相关，可能预示它们与肝癌预后有关。     

Bcl-2 mRNA和Bax mRNA在增生性瘢痕中的表达及意义

【目的】观察Bcl-2 mRNA和Bax mRNA在增生性疲痕和正常皮肤组织内的表达特征及其对增生性瘢痕形成的影响。【方法】收集20例增生性疲痕和20例正常皮肤组织，常规制作石蜡包埋切片，Bcl-2 mRNA和Bax mRNA染色方法为分子原位杂交染色法。【结果】Bcl-2 mRNA和Bax mRNA杂交信号阳性产物定位于胞浆。增生性疲痕Bcl-2 mRNA表达阳性率及其评分明显高于正常皮肤（P〈0．01）；增生性瘢痕Bax mRNA表达阳性率及其评分与正常皮肤无明显差异（P〉0．05）。【结论】Bcl-2基因表达增强可能是瘢痕中细胞凋亡减少，形成增生性瘢痕的机制之一。     

生长因子与甲状旁腺疾病

生长因子与甲状旁腺疾病湖南医科大学附二院内分泌与代谢疾病研究所（４１００１１）杨竹林综述甲状旁腺机能亢进症（甲旁亢）是由甲状旁腺瘤、增生和癌引起，但对引起甲状旁腺细胞非控制性生长的因素仍知之甚少。生长因子参与胚胎发育、组织生长及损伤修复等过程的调控，...     

细胞连接调控蛋白在大鼠胰腺癌和非癌胰腺组织中表达及意义

目的：建立SD大鼠胰腺癌模型,研究细胞连接调控蛋白（Claudin-1,Occludin,E-cad,Snail）在胰腺癌发生发展过程中的作用及其意义.方法：90只大鼠随机分为二甲基苯荓蒽（DMBA）组（A组,n=40）,DMBA＋曲古霉素A（TSA）组（B组,n=40）和空白对照组（C组,n=10只）.将DMBA直接置入A,B组胰腺实质内建立胰腺癌模型,B组腹腔注射TSA,～5mo内处死并观察胰腺癌发生情况,C组于第5mo处死.采用En-VisionTM免疫组化法检测Claudin-1,Occludin,E-cad,Snail的表达.结果：A组3～5mo癌发生率为48.6%（18/37）,5mo（60.0%）高于4mo组（40.0%）和3mo组（28.6%）.B组3～5mo癌发生率为33.3%（12/36）,5mo（40.0%）高于4mo组（30.0%）和3mo组（16.7%）.A组发癌率高于B组.A组,B组胰腺导管癌分别为17例和11例,其余为纤维肉瘤;A组胰腺癌最大径均值大于B组（A组：0.5～1.0cm7例,1.0～2.0cm10例,〉2.0cm1例;B组：0.5～1.0cm9例,1.0～2.0cm2例,〉2.0cm1例,P〈0.05）;C组胰腺和A,B,C组胰腺外主要脏器均未见明显病理改变.A组＋B组胰腺导管癌Clau-din-1,Occludin,E-cad表达阳性率明显低于A组＋B组非癌胰腺组织（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,但Snail则相反（P〈0.01）;在胰腺导管腺癌中Claudin-1,Occludin,E-cad表达均相互呈一致性（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,但三者均与Snail表达呈明显不一致性（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）.结论：较大剂量DMBA置入胰实质内可在短期内获得较高的SD鼠胰腺癌发生率,TSA能抑制胰腺癌发生和生长;Claudin-1,Occludin,E-cad和Snail在DM-BA诱导SD大鼠胰腺癌发生中可能有重要作用.     

大鼠急性脊髓损伤后引起肺损伤肺中NMDA受体的表达及意义

目的探讨大鼠急性SCI后引起肺损伤肺组织中NMDA受体的表达及其意义。方法36只Wister大鼠SCI造模后分为模型组（A组）和MK-801处理组（B组）,在12h、1d、3d 3个时间点（各6只）处死大鼠,B组动物均于处死前6h腹腔给予0．1mg／kg MK-801。另设6只为对照组,取肺组织测W／D、肺泡灌洗液中细胞和蛋白漏出量,并观察肺显微形态的变化。结果病理结果示A组大鼠伤后12h即有出血、水肿,伤后3d达到高峰,MK-801可以改善上述情况且可明显减轻SCI后W／D、红、白细胞记数及蛋白含量的升高（P〈0．05）。结论大鼠急性SCI后早期出现肺组织出血和水肿,这可能是早期呼吸功能衰竭和肺部感染的病理基础,并可能以激活上调NMDA受体而引起急性肺损伤。     

GAD预防NOD雌鼠胰岛炎机理研究——胰岛内NK细胞计数及其意义

目的：研究自身抗原－谷氨酸脱羧酶（ＧＡＤ）预防非肥胖糖尿病（ＮＯＤ）雌鼠胰岛炎的作用有胰岛炎与ＮＫ细胞浸润的相互关系。方法：应用本室自制猪ＧＡＤ组，腹腔注射于４周龄ＮＯＤ雌鼠，对照组注射等量小牛血清（ＢＳＡ组，）分别于１９周龄、２４周龄和４７周龄处死。结果：同周龄ＧＡＤ组胰岛炎发生程度和胰岛炎评分均数明显低于同周龄ＢＳＡ组，其评分均数之间存在高度显性差异（Ｐ〈０．００１）；同周龄ＧＡＤ组胰岛内Ｎ     

胃良性和恶性病变组织中β-半乳糖凝集素3和接骨木凝集素的表达及其临床病理意义

Objective To study the expressive levels of galectin-3(gal-3) and sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) and their clinicopathological significance in the benign and malignant lesions of stomach. Methods EnVisonTM immunohistochemistry for assaying gal-3 expressive level and ABC cytochemistry for determining SNA expressive level were used in conventional paraffin-embedded sections from specimens of gastric cancer(n=49), peritumoral tissues(n=20), metastastic foci of lymph nodes(n=36), and different types of benign lesions(n=80). Results The positive rates of gal-3 and SNA were significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than those in peritumoral tissues and different types of benign lesions (P<0.05, P<0.01). The positive cases of gal-3 and/or SNA in peritumoral tissues and benign lesions showed mild- to severe-atypical hyperplasia of mucous epithelial cells. No difference was found between the primary foci and metastatic foci in gal-3 and SNA expressions (P>0.05). The positive rates of gal-3 and SNA were significantly lower in histologic grade Ⅱ, infitrating depth T1,T2 and no-metastasis of regional lymph node than those in histologic grade Ⅲ, Ⅳ, infitrating depth T3,T4 and metastasis of lymph node in gastric cancer(P<0.05). The positive rates of gal-3 and SNA were higher in lymphnede metastatic site N1 and no-metastasis of distant organs than those in lymphnede metastatic site N2, N3 and metastasis of distant organs, but no significant difference was found (P>0.05). The consistence was found between the expression of gal-3 and SNA in gastric cancer tissues (χ2=6.59,P<0.05). Conclusions The expressive levels of gal-3 and SNA may be important molecular markers of lectins for reflecting the carcinogenesis, progression and biological behaviors in gastric cancer.