Imidazole Derivatives. XXIX. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Thiosemicarbazides and Hydrazonohydrazides of 4-Nitroimidazole-5-thioacetic Acids

Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal -     

Intérêt de l’échographie pour la prise en charge des syndromes douloureux chroniques

Recently, there has been significant interest in the utilization of ultrasound for chronic pain management procedures. Traditional visualization techniques for these procedures include fluoroscopy and computed tomography, and even MRI. With fluoroscopic guided procedures, the initial extrapolation of the position of soft tissues (i.e. muscles, blood vessels, and nerves) is based on their anatomic relationship to viewed bony structures. The interest in the use of ultrasound for chronic pain management procedures has grown from certain visualization advantages including the ability to see muscle layers, nerves and blood vessels. Ultrasound allows for the elimination or reduction of radiation exposure for both the patient and physician. Additionally, real time needle advancement can be visualized with ultrasound, as well as the diffusion of the injected solution. Limitations to current ultrasound technology exist, — i.e acoustic shadow artefact, narrow image windows — which result in the inability to view structures deep to bony obstruction, but techniques are rapidly progressing, allowing to extend and increase the indications in the field of pain medicine.     

Simultaneous analysis of sister chromatid exchanges and cell cycle delay

Institute of Medical Genetics, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. P. Bochkov). Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 105, No. 5, pp. 589–591, May, 1988.     

Effect of gangliosides on Na,K-ATPase activity and conformation of microsomal membranes

The effect of gangliosides on activity of Na,K-ATPase and K-dependent nitrophenyl-phosphatase was studied. Gangliosides in low concentrations were shown to activate Na,K-ATPase, but to inhibit it in high concentrations. In all concentrations used the gangliosides had only an inhibitory action on K-dependent nitrophenyl-phosphatase. Inhibition of the enzyme by gangliosides was reversible and competitive relative to K⁺. Calculation of Hill's coefficient showed that gangliosides, whether their action was activating or inhibitory, behaved as allosteric effectors. To elucidate the mechanism of action of gangliosides on the enzyme their effect on microsomal membranes was studied by the fluorescent probe method. Gangliosides were found to produce marked conformational changes in microsomal membranes of the brain.Department of Pharmacology and Department of General and Clinical Chemistry, Erevan Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Zakusov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 12, pp. 682–684, December, 1978.