A preliminary study of the relationship between antibiotic administration and changes in bacteriological profile of wound infection in a burn unit

Objective:To investigate the relationship between antibiotic administration and the changes in bacteriological profile in a burn unit. Methods: The data of consumption of different kinds of antibiotics, including total antibiotic consumption [expressed as the number of defined daily doses (DDD)] as well as pathogen identification, were collected in a 8-year period. The constituent ratios of different kinds of antibiotics in total antibiotic consumption to isolation rates of various species of bacteria were calculated, and their correlation was analyzed. Results: Within this period, it was found that the aminoglycosides and first generation cephalosporins were used less frequently, while the polypeptides, carbopenem and macrolides were used proportionally more. At the same time, the isolation rates of Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter sp, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were gradually increased. The constituent ratios of predominant pathogens were correlated to the different kinds of antibiotics consumption in the burn unit. Conclusion: The results suggested that the consumption of different antibiotics was closely related to the trends of emergence of bacterial isolates from infected burn wounds. The result might imply that to regulate the administration of certain antibiotics might help decrease the emergence of certain pathogenic bacteria in burn infections.     

脱细胞尿道及其海绵体基质制备的实验研究

目的 探索脱细胞尿道及其海绵体基质的制备方法。方法取健康壮年兔完整尿道及其海绵体组织，以Triton-X100与NH3H2O联合提取法进行脱细胞处理。标本做HE染色，组织学观察分析脱细胞效果。结果脱细胞处理11天后，成功获得脱细胞及其海绵体基质，所得基质外观良好。HE染色观察无细胞存在。弹力纤维排列规整，间隙较大，结构无破坏。结论利用Triton-X100与NH3H2O联合提取法可成功制备完整无细胞尿道及其海绵体基质，为尿道再造修复提供崭新思路。     

Stimulation of inositol phosphate formation in cultured human retinal pigment epithelium.

Several hormones, neurotransmitters, and neuropeptides were screened for the ability to stimulate inositol phosphate formation in cultured human retinal epithelial (RPE) cells. Carbachol, vasopressin and thrombin were found to be effective. Treatment of RPE cells with all three agents produced increases in inositol monophosphate, inositol bisphosphate and inositol trisphosphate in the presence of 10 mM LiCl. Carbachol stimulated a 4-fold increase in the total of inositol phosphates at 1 mM. Studies with cholinergic antagonists showed a rank order of 4 DAMP greater than QNX greater than pirenzepine greater than methoctramine, suggesting the presence of M3 muscarinic receptors. Vasopressin gave a 2.5-fold stimulation at 10 microM. Agonists of vasopressin were also tested and gave differential responses. Studies using a V1 agonist (PIOVP) and a V2 agonist (DAVP) showed DAVP matching the level of stimulation elicited by vasopressin whereas treatment with PIOVP only reached 50% of the vasopressin response. These data suggested the presence of V2 receptors in the RPE cells. Several proteases were tested for their ability to stimulate RPE inositol phosphates. Thrombin caused a 7-fold increase in inositol phosphate formation at 1 U/ml, whereas trypsin and plasmin elicited smaller responses (approximately 2-fold). The thrombin effect was blocked by the thrombin-specific inhibitor, hirudin, but not by other protease inhibitors. Several mediators of inflammation such as bradykinin, histamine and serotonin were also tested, and they were ineffective in stimulating inositol phosphate turnover in the RPE cells.     

1.6-氨基辛二酸-8-精-催产素对电针镇痛的影响

<正> 8-精-催产素(8-arginine-vasotocin,AVT)又名管催产素,是松果体分泌的九肽激素,其环状结构部分与催产素(oxytocin,OT)相同,直链部分与精氨酸加压素(Argi-     

辐照氟银猪皮的实验研究

报道辐照氟银猪皮的制备、实验检测（弹性、创面粘附力和透水性测定，含银量测定）组织学检查细菌检测及抑菌试验研究，结果表明：辐照氟银猪皮除延伸度低于未辐照猪皮外，其撕裂强度、创面粘合力和透水性均与未辐照猪皮相似。组织学检查示：辐照氟银猪皮组织结构完整，表皮细胞部分空泡形成。组织细菌检测证明其无菌生长，达到无菌要求。抑菌试验证明对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、克雷伯氏菌均有极强的抑菌作用     

结核分枝杆菌Ag85B/GST融合蛋白表达载体构建及在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的 构建结核分枝杆菌Ag85B／GSF融合蛋白表达质粒，并在大肠杆菌(E．coli)中诱导表达。方法 以质粒pUC18／Ag85B为模板，用PCR法扩增结核杆菌Ag85B基因，扩增的Ag85B上游含有EcoR Ⅰ酶切位点，下游含有SalⅠ酶切位点；将Ag85B基因定向插入质粒pGEX-4T-1中，构建原核表达质粒pGEX-Ag85B并转化E．coli B121，筛选阳性重组子，限制性内切酶切鉴定和DNA序列测定，异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达，SDS-PAGE和Westem blot鉴定结果。结果 成功构建原核表达质粒pGEX-Ag85B并表达出Mr约56000大小的Ag85B／GSY融合蛋白，表达量占总菌体的30％。结论 为进一步进行纯化Ag85B蛋白和研究其在膀胱肿瘤治疗中的作用奠定了基础。     

Hepatic pseudotumor in long-standing biliary atresia patients undergoing liver transplantation.

A pseudotumor, giant regenerative nodule, or macroregenerative nodule is an unusual benign hepatic lesion in biliary atresia (BA) patients. This tumor may mimic malignant transformation and may preclude liver transplantation (LT). The clinical and imaging surveillance of patients after the Kasai procedure is therefore an important aspect of management of BA patients. Our objective is to report our experience and describe the incidence, imaging, and pathologic features of pseudotumors in BA patients awaiting LT. From August 1990 to December 2006, 133 LTs for BA were performed. Five (3.8%; 4 female, 1 male) patients were diagnosed with pseudotumor. The patients' records were reviewed. The diagnostic imaging modalities used were abdominal ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histologic confirmation of the lesions was obtained in all cases. All underwent the Kasai operation in early infancy. Six of 7 lesions in 4 of 5 patients were demonstrated by pretransplant imaging. Two of 7 tumors were detected by US. Five of 7 lesions were detected by CT, and 5 of 7 lesions were demonstrated by MRI. In 1 patient, the lesion was not seen in the US, CT, or MRI but was found during surgery and confirmed by histology. An additional tumor was found incidentally during histologic examination in a patient previously diagnosed to have 2 tumors by CT and MRI. In another patient diagnosed to have 2 tumors on imaging, pathology revealed only a single tumor. In conclusion, although unusual, pseudotumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of liver masses in BA children.     

军人花粉症106例快速免疫治疗

目的　探讨军人花粉症治疗的有效方法。方法　采用提高起始浓度和快速递增浓度 ,上臂外侧皮下注射的方法对 10 6位军人花粉症患者行快速免疫治疗 ,并对每一位患者治疗前后检测血清中总IgE和嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白 (ECP)。 结果　治疗前后患者总IgE和ECP值有显著性差异。 10 6例患者经 1～ 3年随访复查 ,78例 2个以上发病季节未发作 ,或仅有轻微鼻痒、眼痒 ,18例症状减轻 ,发病时间缩短半月 ,10例症状无明显改善。显效 82例 ,有效 14例 ,无效 10例 ,总有效率为 90 .5 7%。结论　快速免疫治疗能使患者血清总IgE和ECP下降 ,对军人花粉症疗效好。     

Foreign metallic pellet in the heart

Foreign bodies in the heart are a rare but serious form of cardiac injury. The objects usually are sharp pointed. Such as acupuncture needles,sewing needles, coat hangers, fragments of Kirschner wires, pins, etc. 1 We report a patient with a metallic pellet lodged in the heart, which was accurately diagnosed and successfully removed.     

Multiple myocardial abscesses successfully treated with medical management in an immunosuppressed patient

Myocardial abscess is usually resulted from the septicemia ofvarious microorganisms such as Candida, Staphylococcus, Aspergillus,Streptococcus, and Salmonella species. Since