40岁以上中老年人视网膜血管弯曲度的横断面调查——北京眼病研究

目的 描述40岁及以上中老年人视网膜血管的弯曲度及其人群分布特征.设计横断面研究.研究对象北京眼病研究基线人群.方法 采用定量测量软件(SIVA3.0)对3901例受检者随机一眼的彩色眼底照片中的视网膜血管弯曲度指标进行测量.按年龄分为40～44岁、45 ～49岁、50～54岁、55～59岁、60～64岁及65岁以上组...     

穴位贴敷联合中医情志护理干预癫痫所致精神障碍临床研究

目的：观察穴位贴敷联合中医情志护理干预癫痫所致精神障碍的临床效果。方法：将106 例癫痫所致精神障碍患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各53 例。2 组均给予常规药物治疗,对照组在常规药物治疗基础上实施中医情志护理,观察组在对照组基础上加用穴位贴敷治疗,2 组均干预2 个月。对比2 组阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS） 评分、临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果：干预后,2 组阳性症状、阴性症状及一般情况评分均较干预前降低（P＜0.05）,观察组阳性症状、阴性症状及一般情况评分均较对照组降低更明显（P＜0.05）。观察组临床疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2 组锥体外系反应、心慌、体位性低血压、恶心及视物模糊发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：穴位贴敷联合中医情志护理干预癫痫所致精神障碍,可以改善患者的症状,提升疗效,安全性良好。     

吲哚菁绿荧光引导腹腔镜解剖性肝段获取术在小儿活体肝移植中的应用价值

目的:探讨吲哚菁绿荧光引导腹腔镜解剖性肝段获取术在小儿活体肝移植中的应用价值。方法:采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2019年12月至2020年1月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院收治的2例行活体肝移植患儿和2例供者的临床资料。病例1,女,年龄为1岁,体质量为8.7 kg。供者为患儿父亲,年龄为35岁,体质量为93.1 kg...     

空腹血糖正常的冠心病患者糖代谢状况及胰岛素水平分析

目的：探讨空腹血糖正常的冠心病患者的糖代澍状况及胰岛素敏感性的改变。方法：检测67例空腹血糖正常的冠心病住院患者和35例健康者的空腹及餐后2h的血糖和胰岛索水平,并根据餐后2h血糖结果将冠心病患者分为3组：正常糖耐量组（NGT）、单纯性糖耐量受损组（I—IGT）、单纯性负荷后高血精组（IPH）。应用李光伟指数（IAI）评价机体的胰岛素敏感性。结果：67例空腹血糖正常的冠心病患者中糖代谢异常的发生率为74．63％,所有冠心病患音餐后胰岛素水平显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．05）,IPH组的胰岛素敏感性显著低于其他各组（P均〈0．05）。结论：空腹血糖正常的冠心病患者中绝大多数合并糖代谢异常,并存在高胰岛索血症,合并IPH的冠心病患者胰岛素的敏感性较低。检测餐后血糖和胰岛素对冠心病患者合并糖代谢异常的预防、诊断、疗效评估有重要意义。     

Clinical outcomes,quality of life,and costs evaluation of peritoneal dialysis management models in Shanghai Songjiang District: a multi-center and prospective cohort study

Background: The new Family-Community-Hospital (FCH) three-level comprehensive management aimed to improve the efficiency and scale of peritoneal dialysis (PD) to meet the increased population of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Our study focused on the clinical outcomes, quality of life, and costs evaluation of this model in a multi-center and prospective cohort study.Methods: A total of 190 ESRD patients who commenced PD at Shanghai Songjiang District were enrolled. According to different PD management models, patients were divided into the Family-Community-Hospital three-level management model (n = 90) and the conventional all-course central hospital management model (n = 100). The primary outcome was clinical outcomes of PD. The secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and medical costs evaluation.Results: Compared to conventional management, community-based FCH management achieved a similar dialysis therapeutic effect, including dropout rate (p = 0.366), peritonitis rate (p = 0.965), patient survival (p = 0.441), and technique survival (p = 0.589). Follow-up data showed that similar levels of the renal and peritoneal functions, serum albumin, cholesterol and triglyceride, PTH, serum calcium, and phosphorus between the two groups (all p > 0.05). HRQOL survey showed that the FCH management model helped to improve the psychological status of PD patients, including social functioning (p = 0.006), role-emotional (p = 0.032), and mental health (p = 0.036). FCH management also reduced the hospitalization (p = 0.009) and outpatient visits (p = 0.001) and saved annual hospitalization costs (p = 0.005), outpatient costs (p = 0.026), and transport costs (p = 0.006).Conclusions: Compared with conventional management, community-based FCH management achieved similar outcomes, improved psychological health, reduced medical budgets, and thus had a good social prospect.     

医学教育学硕士研究生教育培养方案的研究

开展医学教育学硕士研究生培养方案的研究工作将有助于培养具有专业知识和能力的医学教育学人才,以进一步促进医学教育学专业化与持续性发展。在教育研究实践中,在人才培养目标的指导下,围绕着学生思想政治素质、科学研究能力、理论实践知识学习应用方面建立了较为完善的理论课程体系;并对研究生培养中的实践课程进行了合理设计,对效果的评价...     

C18-diterpenoid alkaloids in tribe Delphineae (Ranunculaceae): phytochemistry,chemotaxonomy, and bioactivities

This review systematically summarizes the C₁₈-diterpenoid alkaloid (DA) compositions isolated from the genera Aconitum and Delphinium in the Delphineae tribe (Ranunculaceae). A total of 117 distinct C₁₈-DA components have been reported, including 58 lappaconitine-type DAs, 54 ranaconitine-type DAs, and five rearranged-type DAs. These components mainly originated from plants from the subgenus Lycoctonum in the genus Aconitum or less frequently from plants within the genus Delphinium. Natural C₁₈-DAs have exhibited a wide range of bioactivities, including analgesic, antiarrhythmic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and insecticidal activities, which are closely related to their chemical structures. The high chemical and biological diversities among the reported C₁₈-DA constituents in Delphineae plants indicated their potential as a vast resource for drug discovery. Additionally, the Delphineae plant C₁₈-DAs exhibited chemotaxonomic values and showed a high regularity of distribution at different taxonomic levels; therefore, the Delphineae plant C₁₈-DAs can serve as good chemical molecular markers in the taxonomic treatment of plants within this tribe, especially in the infrageneric division.

This review systematically summarizes the C₁₈-diterpenoid alkaloid (DA) compositions isolated from the genera Aconitum and Delphinium in the Delphineae tribe (Ranunculaceae).     

血清胰岛素样生长因子-1、硫酸脱氢表雄酮、抗苗勒管激素及骨形态发生蛋白6在快进展型青春期女童中的早期预警价值

目的:研究血清胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、硫酸脱氢表雄酮(DHEAS)、抗苗勒管激素(AMH)及骨形态发生蛋白6(BMP-6)水平对快进展型青春期(RPP)女童的早期预警价值。方法:回顾性分析2017年8月至2018年10月因乳房发育至苏州大学附属儿童医院内分泌遗传代谢科门诊就诊的750例女童的临床资料,随访6...     

Correction: Green synthesis of nitrogen-doped multiporous carbons for oxygen reduction reaction using water-caltrop shells and eggshell waste

Correction for ‘Green synthesis of nitrogen-doped multiporous carbons for oxygen reduction reaction using water-caltrop shells and eggshell waste’ by Chun-Han Hsu et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 15738–15747. DOI: 10.1039/D1RA02100A.

The authors regret that there was an error in the funding information in the original article. The grant number was given as 108-D0111 in the original article, where it should have read 110-D0111.The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.     

Self- and dis-assembly behavior of segmented wormlike nanostructures from an ABC triblock copolymer

Herein, we described the self-assembly of a triblock copolymer, poly(styrene-b-2-vinylpyridine-b-ethylene oxide) (PS-b-P2VP-b-PEO), in THF/water at room temperature to form segmented wormlike nanostructures. We found two different formation mechanisms of the segmented wormlike nanostructures from PS-b-P2VP-b-PEO with different molecular weights. Moreover, the dimension of such segmented wormlike nanostructures depends on the stirring rate. Interestingly, these wormlike nanostructures disassembled gradually when increasing the temperature, which is reversible. After cooling to room temperature the segmented wormlike micelles reformed gradually with stirring. Furthermore, neither intense stirring nor ultrasonic vibration could damage the structure of these wormlike nanostructures which proves their stability and potential application as drug delivery vehicles.

Herein, PS-b-P2VP-b-PEO could self-assemble to form a kind of segmented wormlike nanostructures. Two formation mechanisms were observed. Moreover, such segmented wormlike nanostructures disassembled gradually when increasing the temperature.