卒中后认知障碍患者粪便钙卫蛋白测定及其与血清炎性因子的相关性

目的： 探讨卒中后认知障碍（post stroke cognitive impairment,PSCI）患者粪便钙卫蛋白（fecal calprotectin,FC）水平及其与认知状态和血清炎性因子的相关性。方法: 收集2021年3月至2022年3月就诊的PSCI患者32例、卒中后无认知障碍（post stroke with no cognitive impairment,PSNCI）患者44例和无卒中对照者25例,检测并对比3组中FC水平以及PSCI组治疗前后的FC水平。对PSCI组进行简易智力状态检查量表（mini mental state examination,MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估量表（Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA）评估,并检测血清C 反应蛋白（CRP）和白介素 6（IL 6）的水平。结果: PSCI组、PSNCI组和对照组的年龄、性别、吸烟史、饮酒史未见明显差异,高血压史和糖尿病史在3组间存在显著差异（P<0.05）,PSCI组FC水平显著高于PSNCI组和对照组（P<0.01）。对PSCI患者改善认知治疗1个月后,PSCI患者FC水平较治疗前显著降低（P<0.01）。在PSCI组中,FC水平与MoCA评分和MMSE评分呈负相关（P<0.01）,与血清CRP水平和血清IL 6水平呈正相关（P<0.01）。结论: PSCI患者FC水平升高,与PSCI患者的认知功能和血清炎性因子具有相关性,在PSCI的发生机制中发挥重要作用。     

血管透明化与粒子图像测速技术在旁路血管内血流流场研究中的应用

探索采用血管透明化技术结合粒子图像测速技术(PIV)来研究搭桥血管内血流流场的可行性.结果显示血管透明化技术能完整地保留搭桥血管段在体内的真实立体几何构形,从而更准确地反应搭桥血管段在体内的血流流场,而PIV能很好地获得血流流场的信息.因此,将血管透明化技术与PIV相结合有可能使我们对旁路搭桥术后血管内膜增生的血流动力学成因进行更深入地研究.     

心脏螺旋波演化与驱动的计算机实验

我们利用FitzHugh-Nagumo(FHN)类型方程,对二维心肌可激媒质系统螺旋波(Spiral wave,SW)的形成、演化和控制进行了数值模拟,主要有以下研究结果:(1)改变系统的可激性,不会影响SW的激发区宽度,却改变SW的自转周期和旋波核的大小;当可激性达到某一极限值时,SW的自转周期与旋波核的半径趋于无穷大,系统不再出现SW。(2)对SW的均匀近共振小电流驱动,可以引导旋波头(Spiral wave tip,SWT)的漂移运动;当驱动频率接近SW的自转频率时,SWT会沿着圆周漂移,当驱动频率达到共振频率时,SWT会沿着直线漂移。     

The metallothionein-null phenotype is associated with heightened sensitivity to lead toxicity and an inability to form inclusion bodies

Susceptibility to lead toxicity in MT-null mice and cells, lacking the major forms of the metallothionein (MT) gene, was compared to wild-type (WT) mice or cells. Male MT-null and WT mice received lead in the drinking water (0 to 4000 ppm) for 10 to 20 weeks. Lead did not alter body weight in any group. Unlike WT mice, lead-treated MT-null mice showed dose-related nephromegaly. In addition, after lead exposure renal function was significantly diminished in MT-null mice in comparison to WT mice. MT-null mice accumulated less renal lead than WT mice and did not form lead inclusion bodies, which were present in the kidneys of WT mice. In gene array analysis, renal glutathione S-transferases were up-regulated after lead in MT-null mice only. In vitro studies on fibroblast cell lines derived from MT-null and WT mice showed that MT-null cells were much more sensitive to lead cytotoxicity. MT-null cells accumulated less lead and formed no inclusion bodies. The MT-null phenotype seems to preclude lead-induced inclusion body formation and increases lead toxicity at the organ and cellular level despite reducing lead accumulation. This study reveals important roles for MT in chronic lead toxicity, lead accumulation, and inclusion body formation.     

Diagnosis of Kala-Azar by Nested PCR Based on Amplification of the Leishmania Mini-Exon Gene

To diagnose visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar), we have developed a nested PCR method based on amplification of the mini-exon gene, which is unique and tandomly repeated in the Leishmania genome. Nested PCR was sufficiently sensitive for the detection of DNA in an amount equivalent to a single Leishmania parasite or less. We examined the usefulness of this PCR method using bone marrow aspirates and buffy coat cells collected from kala-azar patients who had or had not received chemotherapy in northwest China. We obtained PCR positivity for all of the parasitologically positive bone marrow samples from the patients. Some ambiguities with the primary PCR results were eliminated by the subsequent nested PCR. The buffy coat samples from 7 of 12 patients with splenomegaly were positive by the nested PCR, although only 2 of them were positive for parasites by culture. However, buffy coat samples from nine children, whose splenomegaly has been reduced and clinically cured by antimony treatment, were all negative. Thus, this nested PCR method represents a new tool for the diagnosis of kala-azar with patient blood samples instead of bone marrow or spleen aspirates obtained by more invasive procedures.     

促甲状腺素释放激素对荷瘤鼠NK和IL－2活性的影响

本文采用中性红和噻唑蓝比色法，观察了促甲状腺素释放激素（ＴＲＨ）对荷瘤小鼠脾细胞ＮＫ活性和ＩＬ－２产生能力的影响，并研究其抑瘤效应及机理。结果表明：ＴＲＨ能够明显抑制小鼠Ｓ１８０腹水瘤移植物的生长，抑瘤率为５４．６％；并能明显提高荷瘤鼠ＮＫ活性和ＩＬ－２产生能力。这一结果提示ＴＲＨ是一种重要的抗肿瘤免疫调节因子。     

雌性大鼠下丘脑5-羟色胺1A和2A受体亚型的定位分布

本研究应用免疫细胞化学技术观察了雌性成年SD大鼠下丘脑内5-HT1A受体亚型(5-HT1AR)和5-HT2AR免疫阳性结构的分布。结果显示:5-HT1AR免疫阳性神经元在视前区大细胞核、视前室周核、视上核和下丘脑外侧前核等核团内密集分布。在内侧视前核、外侧视前区、下丘脑室周核、下丘脑外侧区、背内侧核、腹内侧核、结节核、结节乳头体核、乳头体内侧核和乳头体外侧核等结构内也有较多的分布;而在正中视前核、视交叉上核、下丘脑室旁核、下丘脑背侧核、弓状核、乳头体上核和乳头体前核等部位有散在的分布。与5-HT1AR不同,5-HT2AR免疫阳性反应产物主要见于纤维和终末,阳性胞体少且染色淡。5-HT2AR阳性胞体见于下丘脑室旁核、视上核、腹内侧核、结节核、视前内侧区、外侧区、外侧前核、下丘脑背内侧核等处。另外,在视前区前内侧视前核、视交叉上核背侧和外侧可见围绕血管分布、密集成团簇状、带有大小不同膨体的阳性神经纤维缠结。本文结果提示5-HT1AR阳性结构广泛地分布于大鼠下丘脑,而5-HT2AR在下丘脑分布较为局限。二者不同的分布特点,提示它们可能介导5-HT在下丘脑的不同生理功能。     

胸腰脊神经根鞘形态观测及其临床意义

目的：为了探讨腰腿疼痛等疾病与脊神经根鞘的关系。方法：用巨视解剖和游标卡尺测量法对１５具尸体的胸腰脊神经根鞘进行了解剖学观察与测量。结果：①左、右胸腰脊神经根鞘长度和横径基本对称；②Ｔ１根鞘长度和横径大于其它胸神经根鞘，接近Ｌ２水平，Ｌ３～Ｌ５根鞘长度和横径大于其它胸腰神经根鞘，尤其Ｌ５更为突出；③胸腰脊神经根鞘开口式，由上向下，由２～３孔逐渐减至１孔。结论：①Ｔ１、Ｌ２～Ｌ５脊神经根鞘既长又粗，与周围接触范围大，受损危险增大；②根鞘开口式孔数由上向下减少，发生在鞘内的炎症和肿瘤引起前、后根同时受累的机会增多。     

Separate and variably shaped chromosome arm domains are disclosed by chromosome arm painting in human cell nuclei

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with microdissection probes from human chromosomes 3 and 6 was applied to visualize arm and subregional band domains in human amniotic fluid cell nuclei. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and quantitative three-dimensional image analysis showed a pronounced variability of p- and q-arm domain arrangements and shapes. Apparent intermingling of neighbouring arm domains was limited to the domain surface. Three-dimensional distance measurements with pter and qter probes supported a high variability of chromosome territory folding.     

P-gp、GSTπ及TopoⅡ在胃癌中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨耐药基因蛋白P-gp、GSTл和TopoⅡ在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法：应用S-P免疫组化法对85例胃癌进行检测。结果：胃癌组织P-gp、GSTл表达率分别为37.65%及63.53%，表达强度与临床分期有关，其中高分期者P-gp表达较低分期者为高。TopoⅡ表达率为55.29%，阳性率与组织学分类相关，分化较低者（59.57%）较分化较高者（38.30%）阳性率高。结论：P-gp、GSTл、TopoⅡ的耐药机制各不相同，根据P-gp、GSTл和TopoⅡ表达情况进行耐药物选择对办癌化疗具有重要的指导意义。