1例先天性成骨不全症患儿的护理

先天性成骨不全症又名脆骨症,为全身性结缔组织病,是临床上少见的疾病.该病遭受轻微外力便容易发生病理性骨折,对护理有很高的要求.本科于2010年3月17日收治1例先天性成骨不全患儿,现将临床特点与护理介绍如下.     

A retrospective study of pulmonary infarction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from southern Taiwan

Since large-scale reports of pulmonary infarction in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are limited, a retrospective study was performed for this manifestation in 773 hospitalized patients in southern Taiwan from 1999 to 2009. Pulmonary infarction was defined as the presence of pulmonary embolism, persistent pulmonary infiltrates, and characteristic clinical symptoms. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological images data were analyzed. There were 12 patients with pulmonary embolism and 9 of them had antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Six patients (19 to 53 years, average 38.2?±?12.6) with 9 episodes of lung infarction were identified. All cases were APS and four episodes had coincidental venous thromboembolism. There were four episodes of bilateral infarction and seven episodes of larger central pulmonary artery embolism. Heparin therapy was routinely prescribed and thrombolytic agents were added in two episodes. Successful recovery was noted in all patients. In conclusion, there was a 0.8% incidence of pulmonary infarction in patients with SLE, all with the risk factor of APS. Differentiation between pulmonary infarction and pneumonia in lupus patients should be made; they have similar chest radiography with lung consolidation but require a different clinical approach in management. Although this report is a retrospective study with relatively small numbers of lupus patients with lung infarcts, our observation might provide beneficial information on the clinical features and radiological presentations during the disease evolution of pulmonary infarction in SLE with APS.     

尿液中PCA3mRNA和融合基因TMPRSS2：ERGmRNA的检测在前列腺癌早期临床诊断中的应用

目的研究前列腺按摩后尿液中PCA3mRNA联合融合基因TMPRSS2：ERG亚型T1E4mRNA的定量检测在早期前列腺癌临床诊断中的应用价值。方法收集前列腺癌（PCa）患者53例和前列腺增生（BPH）患者37例,收集前列腺按摩后尿液,离心取细胞沉淀物,提取总RNA,用实时荧光定量RT—PCR的方法检测PSAmRNA、PCA3mRNA和T1E4mRNA的含量,以PSAmRNA来校正尿液中的前列腺癌细胞。以PCA3mRNA／PSAmRNA表示PCA3mRNA的含量,以T1E4mRNA／PSAmRNA表示融合基因T1E4mRNA的含量。用ROC曲线对T1E4mRNA及PCA3mRNA诊断PCa的性能进行分析。结果尿T1E4mR．NA／PSAmRNA比值诊断PCa的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0．802（95％CI：0．709～0．895）,以0．007为截断值时,其诊断前列腺癌的敏感度和特异度分别为56．6％和94．6％。尿PCA3mRNA／PSAmRNA比值诊断PCa的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0．646（95％CI：0．533—0．758）,以0．001为截断值时,其诊断前列腺癌的敏感度和特异度为47．2％和73．0％。PCa组PCA3mRNA（P=0．009）及T1E4mRNA（P=0．000）的含量均高于BPH组,T1E4mRNA联合PCA3mRNA定量检测的敏感度为81．1％,比单独应用PCA3mRNA和T1E4mRNA检测的敏感度分别提高了33．9％和24．5％。结论前列腺癌按摩后尿沉渣中可以检测到TMPRSS2：ERG亚型T1E4mRNA,联合PCA3mRNA和T1E4mRNA两个指标定量检测,可以显著提高检出前列腺癌的敏感度。此联合检测方法可以用于早期的前列腺癌诊断。     

重度及特重度烧伤合并四肢骨折的治疗探讨

目的探讨重度以上烧伤合并四肢骨折临床特点及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析本院35例重度及特重度烧伤合并四肢骨折患者临床资料,均早期抗休克同时作骨折部切开钢板内固定术或髓内钉内固定术。结果 34例烧伤创面及骨折部位愈合良好,1例发生骨髓炎,改用外固定架,经开创引流等综合处理治愈。结论重度以上烧伤病人合并四肢骨折者,最好在休克期边抗休克、边立即进行骨折内固定术。只有这样才能提高患者救治成功率。     

盐酸吡格列酮治疗2型糖尿病68例的疗效观察

目的:观察盐酸吡格列酮对68例2型糖尿病患者各代谢相关指标的影响及临床疗效。方法:选择2008年3月～2010年2月在我院门诊或住院诊治的2型糖尿病患者136例,将其随机分为观察组和对照组各68例。对照组予以格列吡嗪控释片5mg,用温开水整片吞服,1次/d;观察组在对照组基础上加服盐酸吡格列酮30mg,早餐后口服,1次/d;两组患者疗程均为12周,同时均要求饮食控制和体育锻炼以改善血糖控制。结果:两组治疗后SBP,DBP,HbA1c,FBG,Fins,TG,LDL-C及HOMA-IR指标与治疗前比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);治疗后,观察组SBP,DBP,HbA1c,FBG,Fins,TG,LDL-C及HOMA-IR指标与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:在2型糖尿病患者中,早期予以格列吡嗪控释片治疗基础上应用盐酸吡格列酮,不仅可以使患者血糖降低、血压降低、调脂,还可以减轻高胰岛素血症,使胰岛素抵抗得到改善,进而改善与其相关的各种代谢异常。     

黄瓜香水提物对大鼠亚急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:研究黄瓜香水提物对大鼠亚急性肝损伤的保护作用.方法:将48只SD大鼠随机分为6组,即空白组,模型组,对照组及药物治疗组(高、中、低剂量治疗组).采用四氯化碳加乙醇复制亚急性肝损伤模型,以血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及肝匀浆中的丙二醛(MDA)及超氧化物歧化酶(SO...     

Study of T Cell subsets and IL-7 protein expression in HIV-1-infected patients after 7 years HAART

Objective

To study the changes in T cell subsets and IL-7 in HIV-1-infected patients after seven years of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Methods

Seventy-five individuals were included in this study (25 with effective HAART, 18 with ineffective HAART, 17 untreated HIV+ patients, and 15 volunteers in the HIV negative control group). The counts of CD4⁺, CD8⁺, CD8/CD38⁺, and CD8/HLADR⁺ T cells as well as the IL-7 protein expression was measured at 5 time points during a period of seven years in patients starting HAART (baseline) and in the HIV negative control group. The expression of CD127 on CD3⁺ T cells was measured by flow cytometry at a single time point (after 7 years) in patients with HAART and was compared with untreated HIV+ patients and the HIV negative control group.

Results

At baseline CD4⁺ T cell counts of HIV-1-infected patients were lower than that in the control group (p < 0.01), whereas the CD8⁺, CD8/HLADR⁺ and CD8/CD38⁺ T cell counts were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.01). After seven years of effective HAART, the CD4⁺ T cell counts had increased and the CD8⁺ T cell count had decreased, although not to the normal levels (p < 0.05). Both the CD8/HLADR⁺ and CD8/CD38⁺ T cell counts had gradually approached those of the control group (p > 0.05). In the ineffective HAART group, the CD8/CD38⁺ T cell count had not decreased significantly, and CD8/HLADR⁺ T cell count gradually decreased. Before treatment, IL-7 serum levels of patients were significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.01). After seven years of effective HAART, IL-7 levels had gradually decreased, but were still higher than in the control group (p < 0.01). The CD127 expression on CD3⁺ CD8⁺ T cells in effective HAART patients was higher than in untreated HIV+ patients (p < 0.05), but was lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). CD127 expression on CD3⁺ CD4+ T cells was not significantly different among the control group, untreated HIV+ patients and effective HAART group.

Conclusion

After seven years of effective HAART, the quantity and capacity of T cell subsets and IL-7 in HIV-1-infected patients had been partially restored, and the abnormal immune activation has significantly diminished.

     

血管组织工程支架材料的细胞相容性

背景：胶原与透明质酸均有利于组织培养中细胞的黏附、增殖和分化。目的：观察血管内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞与胶胀,透明质酸膜、明胶海绵的细胞相容性,并筛选最佳种植方法。方法：将第3—5代兔缸管平滑肌细胞种植住胶原／透明质酸膜（或明胶海绵）材料上,连续培养2周后将兔内皮细胞接种在平滑肌细胞-胶原／透明质酸膜（或明胶海绵）复合体上,并砹锐竹纯平滑肌细胞与内皮细胞共同接种组。结果与结论：①光镜和扫描电镜观察：细胞在两种材料上均随着培养时间,接种次数增加而生长加快,其中在胶原／透明质酸膜上的细胞生长更好,细胞连接更致密。②WST-1法检测：胶原/透明质酸膜组平滑肌细胞的黏附术及增殖率均高于明胶海绵组（P〈0．05）,且细胞在材料上的生长随着接种次数的增加有不同程度提高。③3H-TDR掺入法检测DNA合成率：在胶原／透明质酸膜上的细胞DNA合成最高,明胶海绵上的较差。表明胶原／透明质酸膜具有较理想的细胞相容性,采用适当间隔、反复接种的方法可提高细胞的黏附和增殖。     

Dissociation between anterior and posterior cortical regions during self-specificity and familiarity: a combined fMRI-meta-analytic study

The familiarity to the subject of any potential stimuli presents one of the major difficulties for the investigation of the self; the separation of effects resulting from familiarity from self-effects being extremely problematic. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the neural distinction between self and familiarity by combining two sets of fMRI data with a meta-analysis. In the first fMRI experiment, regions responding to self/familiarity were investigated using the subject's own name and names of familiar others. These effects were confirmed and extended in a second fMRI experiment using the subject's own name and a stranger's name, as spoken by familiar and unfamiliar voices. Finally, a meta-analysis of self- and familiarity-related studies was conducted. Neural activity in the anterior brain regions, such as the anterior cingulate (ACC) and anterior insula (AI), was found to be specific for self-specific stimuli. In contrast, posterior brain regions, such as the posterior cingulate, were activated by familiar stimuli. Finally, the distinction between anterior and posterior regions for self and familiarity was confirmed by meta-analytic data. This study demonstrates a clear anterior-posterior cortical partition between self-specificity and familiarity.