Bioavailability of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched luncheon meats

(Nutr Diet 2005;62:130–137) Objective: To determine the acute and chronic effects of low doses of long chain (LC) n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on plasma LC n‐3 PUFA levels. Design: In the acute study, six healthy omnivores, avoiding fish meals on the day prior to the study, provided a fasting blood sample initially and post prandially at four hours. In the chronic study, 12 healthy subjects provided a fasting blood sample at baseline and three weeks after daily consumption of the test food. Main outcome measures: Plasma non‐esterified fatty acid and phospholipid LC n‐3 PUFA composition. Statistical analysis: Differences in plasma non‐esterified fatty acids and phospholipid LC n‐3 PUFA. A pre‐ and post‐consumption of the test food were assessed using paired t‐tests (spss ). Results: The acute study demonstrated that a low dose of LC n‐3 PUFA (25% eicosapentaenoic acid and 75% docosahexaenoic acid) significantly increased eicosapentaenoic acid levels in plasma of human subjects postprandially from 0.30% to 0.42% of total non‐esterified fatty acids, a per cent change of 39% (P < 0.05). The chronic study demonstrated a significant increase in total n‐3 phospholipids from zero weeks (5.48% of total fatty acids) to three weeks (7.92% of total fatty acids), representing a per cent increase of 44% (P = 0.006). The n‐6 to n‐3 ratio of LC PUFA phospholipids demonstrated a significant reduction from 5.1 at zero weeks to 4.07 at three weeks, representing a reduction of 20% (P = 0.006). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the bioavailability of LC n‐3 PUFA consumed as a low‐fat omega‐3‐enriched luncheon meat.     

Expression of a synapse-associated membrane protein, P84/SHPS-1, and its ligand, IAP/CD47, in mouse retina

P84 and integrin associated protein (IAP) are heterophilic binding partners that are expressed in the central nervous system in addition to a variety of other tissues. Both molecules are known to be involved in cell signaling in nonneural tissues. In the retina, both molecules are expressed prominently in plexiform layers, suggesting a possible association with synapses. Here, we examined the cellular expression and ultrastructural localization of the two molecules in the developing mouse retina. Both appeared to be expressed at one or both sides of synaptic sites, although the expression of IAP in the retina precedes that of P84. Examination of transgenic IAP-null retinae revealed a failure of P84 to become associated with synaptic sites, suggesting the interaction of P84 with IAP was necessary for P84's synaptic localization. These findings suggest that the signaling activities of P84 and IAP are localized to sites of synaptic contact in the retina. Thus this pair of synapse-associated molecules represents a bidirectional signaling system that could function to modify synaptic activity or possibly trophic interactions between central neurons.     

大肠癌并急性肠梗阻一期切除吻合临床分析

目的探讨大肠癌并急性肠梗阻的外科治疗方法及效果。方法回顾性分析1998年10月～2003年10月45例大肠癌并发急性肠梗阻行一期切除吻合的临床资料。结果术后肺部感染2例,伤口感染6例,无吻合口瘘37例,并发症总发生率17.8%。结论一期切除吻合手术治疗大肠癌并急性肠梗阻是可行的,而合理选择手术方式,正确的术中操作和围手术期处理对提高疗效、改善患者生活质量有所裨益。     

重症急性胰腺炎围手术期处理

目的提高重症急性胰腺炎的疗效。方法回顾性分析近10年来14例经手术治疗的SAP患者临床资料。结果14例患者中,合并休克者10例,胰脑病2例,MOF2例,ARDS2例,病死率为28%(4/14)。结论降低死亡率的关键在于围手术期的正确处理,特别是病程早期。首先,应加强围手术期的个体化监护,进行综合治疗,其次,抑制胰腺的外分泌;第三,早期使用足量的有效抗生素;第四,进行周围静脉的营养支持;第五,加强围手术期并发症的防治。     

如何利用Blackboard教学管理系统构建生理学网络课程

B lackboard教学管理系统可为教师创建、发布和管理网络课程提供方便、快捷的工具模块。文章介绍了如何利用B lackboard教学管理系统提供的课程内容模块、测验模块和课程工具模块来构建生理学网络课程的过程。指出生理学网络课程的建设,对突破传统面授教学的局限性和帮助学生网上学习具有重要意义。     

717离子交换树脂对L-组氨酸的吸附及应用

目的确定717树脂从碱性氨基酸粗提液中分离L 组氨酸的工艺条件。方法采用静态吸附实验。测定吸附动力学曲线确定吸附达到平衡时间;测定吸附等温线确定吸附的适宜温度和最大吸附量;测定不同pH条件下的吸附量确定吸附的适宜pH值;测定Cl-浓度对吸附量的影响,分析阴离子的存在对吸附的影响。结果30min可达到吸附平衡;吸附可在常温下进行,最大吸附量约为85 g·kg-1;吸附的适宜pH值约为8 0～9 0 ;氯离子对吸附的影响很大。结论采用717离子交换树脂可以将L 组氨酸与L 赖氨酸的交叉洗脱液中的L 组氨酸分离出来     

Expression of cytochrome p450 and other biotransformation genes in fetal and adult human nasal mucosa.

Despite recent progress in the identification and characterization of numerous nasal biotransformation enzymes in laboratory animals, the expression of biotransformation genes in human nasal mucosa remains difficult to study. Given the potential role of nasal biotransformation enzymes in the metabolism of airborne chemicals, including fragrance compounds and therapeutic agents, as well as the potential interspecies differences between laboratory animals and humans, it would be highly desirable to identify those biotransformation genes that are expressed in human nasal mucosa. In this study, a global gene expression analysis was performed to compare biotransformation enzymes expressed in human fetal and adult nasal mucosa to those expressed in liver. The identities of a list of biotransformation genes with apparently nasal mucosa-selective expression were subsequently confirmed by RNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Further quantitative RNA-PCR experiments indicated that, in the fetus, aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 (ALDH6), CYP1B1, CYP2F1, CYP4B1, and UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2A1 are expressed preferentially in the nasal mucosa and that ALDH7, flavin-containing monooxygenase 1, and glutathione S-transferase P1 are at least as abundant in the nasal mucosa as in the liver. The nasal mucosal expression of CYP2E1 was also detected. These findings provide a basis for further explorations of the metabolic capacity of the human nasal mucosa for xenobiotic compounds.     

百令胶囊对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用

目的：探讨百令胶囊对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用。方法：SD大鼠45只，分为正常对照组、糖尿病对照组及糖尿病治疗组。各糖尿病组以四氧嘧啶腹腔内注射制成糖尿病模型。治疗组大鼠给予给予百令胶囊0．2g／kg／天灌胃，每天1次，共12周。取肾脏行光镜和电镜检查，并进行图像分析，同时行血糖、血脂、肾功能、24h尿蛋白排泄量、肾重／体重、肾组织糖基化产物测定。统计学处理采用方差分析。结果与糖尿病对照组比较，治疗组大鼠血TG、TC、肾重／体重、24h尿蛋白排泄量以及肾脏组织蛋白糖基化产物水平均有不同程度的降低（P〈0．05）。与正常对照组比较，光镜检查显示糖尿病对照组大鼠肾小球截面积明显增大（P〈0．01），系膜区基质增生扩大；肾小球硬化明显，平均肾小球硬化指数明显增加（P〈0．01）；电镜显示大鼠肾小球基底膜显著的不均匀增厚，并伴有广泛的肾小管上皮细胞的髓样变性及胞浆空泡化变性。治疗组上述病变明显减轻（P〈0．01）。结论：百令胶囊显著改善糖尿病大鼠肾脏结构，防止系膜区扩大和基底膜增厚，具有显著地抗肾小球纤维化的作用。     

高速离心法在中药口服制剂工艺中的应用

综述了高速离心法在中药口服液、颗粒剂及胶囊剂等口服制剂工艺中的应用.高速离心技术具有保留有效成分、提高制剂稳定性、缩短生产周期、降低生产成本等优点,值得推广.     

顶空气相色谱法测定盐酸依匹斯汀中溶剂残留

建立顶空气相色谱法分析盐酸依匹斯汀中溶剂残留.采用DB-1大口径毛细管柱,以正丙醇为内标进行定量.甲醇、乙醚、三氯甲烷、四氢呋喃的线性范围分别为7.9 ～ 317.0μg·ml-1 (r=0.9996),0.7～35.5μg·ml-1(r=0.9998),1.5～73.5μg·ml-1 (r=0.9992),0.9～44.4μg·ml-1(r=0.9994),回收率分别为101.64%,97.18%,99.32%,101.12%,RSD分别为1.97%,1.10%,2.40%,0.84%.本方法简单、准确、灵敏度高、重现性好.