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排序方式: 共有359条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
271.
272.
abstract – The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of 0.2 % chlorhexidine gluconate mouthrinse following gingivectomy on plaque under the dressing and on healing. Twenty-eight patients with indications for gingivectomy were selected. Coe-Pak® was used as surgical dressing. In addition to usual home care, the patients rinsed twice daily with chlorhexidine or placebo for 21 d after surgery. The study followed a cross-over, double-blind design. Gingival exudate was assessed and P1 I and G I were registered at 7, 14, and 21 d postsurgically. The study indicated that chlorhexidine did not influence the amount of plaque under the dressing, and it was uncertain whether chlorhexidine had any effect on the healing process when the surgical area was covered by Coe-Pak. However, (1) after the surgical dressing was removed, the chlorhexidine maintained plaque scores at the same low level as under the dressing, (2) healing was promoted when chlorhexidine was used, and (3) the presence of a dressing in one side of the mouth did not prevent the patient from maintaining good oral hygiene. 相似文献
273.
OBJECTIVES: Overseas-trained doctors (OTDs) have limited access and formal interaction with the Australian health care system prior to joining the Australian medical workforce. A pre-employment programme was designed to familiarize OTDs with the Australian health care system. METHOD: All OTDs who had passed their Australian Medical Council (AMC) exams and were applying for a pre-registration year in New South Wales were invited to participate in the voluntary, free programme. A 4-week full-time programme was developed consisting of core group teaching and a hospital attachment. The curriculum included communication, health and workplace skills; and sessions on culture shock and the role of junior doctors. A pilot programme was run in 1997. The programme was repeated in 1998 and 1999. The OTDs' confidence regarding the general duties of internship, and attitudes towards hospital workplace skills were examined. RESULTS: The 66 OTDs reported greater understanding of staff and communication issues and familiarization with the hospital environment. They reported a more realistic understanding of the role of a junior doctor, the need for separation of workplace and personal responsibilities and knowledge of pathways for future professional development. The course structure, with a focus on hospital attachments, establishment of a peer network, and workplace familiarization facilitated entry into the hospital workforce. CONCLUSION: The pre-employment programme enabled the OTDs to have a more equitable entry into the public hospital system, resulting in a more integrated, confident and functional workforce. 相似文献
274.
Abstract. We have studied growth, red blood cell status and folate concentrations in plasma and red cells in a group of 35 breastfed infants during the first year of life. Folic acid supplementation was not given to the mothers during pregnancy or lactation, and none of them developed megaloblastic anaemia. The growth and red blood cell status of the infants were both normal. At birth, and throughout the period of observation, the folate concentrations in plasma and red cells were significantly higher than in the adult reference material. A positive correlation between plasma and red cell folate was demonstrated. During the latter part of pregnancy and lactation the foetuses and infants seem to be protected against folate deficiency. We regard the folate status of normal breastfed infants as optimal. The optimal supply of the vitamin in artificial nutrition should be the amount of folate necessary to maintain plasma and red cell folate concentrations similar to those found in breastfed infants. 相似文献
275.
Linkage of polymorphic congenital cataract to the gamma-crystallin gene locus on human chromosome 2q33-35 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
Rogaev EI; Rogaeva EA; Korovaitseva GI; Farrer LA; Petrin AN; Keryanov SA; Turaeva S; Chumakov I; St. George-Hyslop P; Ginter EK 《Human molecular genetics》1996,5(5):699-703
Cataract is one of the major causes of blindness in humans. We describe
here an autosomal dominant polymorphic congenital cataract (PCC) which is
characterised by wide variations in phenotype of non-nuclear lens
opacities, even among affected members of the same family. PCC families
included a large, unique pedigree (254 members, 103 affected individuals),
and genetic linkage was conducted using a variety of polymorphic markers.
Evidence for linkage was found for chromosome 2q33- 35 with PCC mapping
near D2S72 and TNP1. A tri-nucleotide microsatellite marker for
gamma-crystallin B gene (CRYG1) was found to co-segregate with PCC and
yielded a maximum lod score of 10.62 at (theta = 0). A multipoint analysis
demonstrated that the most probable location of the PCC gene was within an
8 cM genetic interval containing the gamma-crystallin gene cluster. These
data provide strong evidence of the existence of an autosomal dominant
mutation for PCC in or near the gamma-crystallin gene cluster. This defect
is characterised by complete penetrance but variable expression of the
cataract phenotype. Our study also suggests that non-nuclear human
cataracts might be caused by some abnormality in gamma-crystallin genes.
相似文献
276.
Karstrom-Encrantz L; Runesson E; Bostrom EK; Brannstrom M 《Molecular human reproduction》1998,4(11):1077-1083
Ovulation is an inflammation-like reaction in which leukocytes are
postulated to have a central role. The abundance of leukocytes in the ovary
varies with the stage of the cycle and a marked influx of neutrophils and
monocytes into the interior of the follicle during ovulation has been
observed. The intraovarian signals causing this preovulatory influx are not
known. In the present study we have investigated the presence in the ovary
of two chemotactic cytokines, GROalpha (growth-regulated oncogene alpha)
and RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and
secreted), which have specific chemotactic activity towards
neutrophils/basophils/T-cells and monocytes/T-cells/eosinophils
respectively. The concentrations of these cytokines were first measured in
follicular fluid and peripheral blood from a group of patients undergoing
in-vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. GROalpha was found in
approximately 10-fold higher concentrations in follicular fluid than in
blood plasma from the same patients (P < 0.001). The concentrations in
peripheral blood of GROalpha were similar and without significant
variations in women during the time of gonadotrophin stimulation for IVF
and throughout the normal menstrual cycle. There was no correlation between
follicular fluid concentrations of GROalpha and follicular fluid
concentrations of progesterone or oestradiol. Cultured granulosa-lutein
cells secreted detectable amounts of GROalpha. The concentrations of
GROalpha in the medium were markedly increased by the presence of the
proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta, with approximately 10-fold
higher concentrations in the medium, compared with the controls (P <
0.001). GROalpha was localized by immunohistochemistry predominantly in the
theca layer but also in the granulosa layer of the dominant follicle during
the late follicular phase. The concentrations of RANTES in follicular fluid
were only 1/50 of those in blood plasma (P< 0.001). RANTES protein was
not detectable in the culture medium of granulosa- lutein cells neither
during basal nor IL-1beta stimulated conditions. In conclusion, these
results suggest that the chemokine GROalpha is one of the chemotactic
signals which cause recruitment and activation of specific leukocytes
within the ovulating follicle.
相似文献
277.
Estimation of β-adrenoceptor-binding sites with 125I-(-)-pindolol in rat colon show a proportion of 30%β1,-adrenoceptors and 70%β2-adrenoceptors. Studies on the isolated colon strip have revealed a neuronal β-adrenoceptor involved in the inhibitory response of colon motility to β-adrenoceptor stimulation. In order to further characterize the β-adrenoceptors in the colon, acute and chronic treatments with 6-hydroxydopamine were made. Both acute pretreatment of rats with 6-hydroxydopamine for 8 and 24 h (one intravenous injection) and chronic treatment for 3 days (implanted osmotic mini-pumps), reduced the noradrenaline tissue content by 90%, and successively increased the β-adrenoceptor-binding sites from 14.3 to 21.7 fmol mg_1 P_1 in colon and from 158 to 240 fmol mg-1 P_1 in lung membranes. Displacement of the radiolabelled ligand by the selective β-adrenoceptor antagonists, pafenolol and ICI 118.551 showed that the density of β1,-adrenoceptor binding sites was more than doubled, whereas the density of β2-adrenoceptor-binding sites was only marginally increased by chronic treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine. Thus sympathetic denervation by 6-hydroxydopamine treatment produced a selective increase in β1-adrenoceptors in the rat colon. These results may indicate that stimulation of β1-adrenoceptors in both colon and lung have a neuronal linkage. 相似文献
278.
Background
Alcohol consumption in Slovenia is one of the highest in Europe. In Slovenia there were a few epidemiological studies on drinking habits among adult population, but none of them has used the AUDIT questionnaire or the Internet for research.Objective
The aim of this study was to analyse the drinking habits of the visitors of our website www.nalijem.si, which included an anonymous questionnaire for self-assessment of alcohol drinking.Methods
A cross sectional survey was conducted between January 2010 and December 2013. The front page of our website included an invitation to fill in the anonymous web-based questionnaire; a part of it was the AUDIT 10 questionnaire. Everyone who filled in the questionnaire completely received an individualized feedback on his drinking.Results
54.020 persons visited our website, 15.817 (29.3%) of them started to fill in the questionnaire, 12.800 (80.9%) filled it in completely. In the analysis, 9.087 (71.0%) persons were included who completed the questionnaire for themselves. There were 37.1% (N=3.373) women and 62.9% (N=5.714) men. The average age was 33 years, the majority was employed (59.7%, N=5.222). The minority drank alcohol 2–4 times per month (32.8%, N=2.977) and most of them (64.5%, N=5.869) drank more than 3 units of alcohol per one occasion on a typical day. The average AUDIT 10 score was 11.7 for men, 8.1 for women.Conclusions
A large percentage of participants were identified as hazardous and harmful drinkers, which should be a matter of serious concern. 相似文献279.
280.