Pharmacology of the coronary circulation

Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie -     

Alterations of Fas-pathway genes associated with nodal metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer

Many types of cancer cells are resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis by several mechanisms, including the mutations of the genes involved in Fas-mediated apoptosis. In this study, to explore the possibility that the mutations of the genes involved in the proximal pathway of Fas-mediated apoptosis (Fas, FADD, caspase 8 and caspase 10) are involved in cancer metastasis, we have analysed somatic mutation and deletion of these genes in 80 non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with (n=43) and without (n=37) metastasis to the regional lymph nodes. We found 12 mutations (four Fas, four FADD, and four caspase 10 mutations) in 11 of 80 NSCLCs (13.8%). Interestingly, of these mutations, most mutations (10 out of 12) were detected in the NSCLCs with metastasis, and the frequency in the metastasis lesions (23%) was higher than that in the primary lesions of the NSCLCs without metastasis (5.4%). Furthermore, transfection study revealed that the tumor-derived mutants have decreased apoptosis inductions compared to the wild types. These data suggest that the inactivating mutations of the genes in the proximal pathway of Fas-mediated apoptosis may lead to a decreased cancer cell death and play a role in the metastasis of NSCLC.     

通腑法治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病继发缺氧性肺动脉高压疗效观察

目的观察中药通腑煎剂对缺氧性肺动脉高压的影响。方法将患者60例随机分为两组,在西医常规治疗的基础上,治疗组30例服用通腑煎剂,对照组30例服用合心爽。结果治疗组在咳嗽、咯痰、紫绀、大便困难、缺氧及血流变指标改善方面优于对照组;两组治疗后PAPs均显著下降。结论通腑煎剂能够降低缺氧性肺动脉高压,纠正缺氧,改善症状和血液流变学状态。     

解郁丸对慢性应激大鼠行为和不同脑区单胺氧化酶的影响

目的 观察解郁丸对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠的行为,以及下丘脑、海马和前额叶皮层单胺氧化酶的影响,探讨其可能的抗抑郁机制。方法 采用慢性不可预见性应激造成大鼠抑郁模型,运用开场法和糖水消耗实验测定动物行为,用荧光法测定慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠下丘脑、海马和前额叶皮层单胺氧化酶的活性。结果 慢性应激大鼠的水平和垂直活动得分和糖水消耗量下降;下丘脑、海马和前额叶皮层单胺氧化酶的活性增高。解郁丸可提高慢性应激大鼠的水平和垂直活动得分,增加糖水消耗量。53mg/kg,106mg/kg,212mg/kg的解郁丸连续给药21d后,大鼠海马单胺氧化酶-A（MAO-A）活性抑制率分别是10.81%、20.93%和21.51%;对下丘脑MAO-A活性抑制率分别是12.21%,17.28%和21.10%;而对前额叶皮层MAO-A活性抑制率,在剂量为106mg/kg和212mg/kg分别是18.78%,16.08%。解中组和解高组对海马单胺氧化酶-B（MAO-B）抑制率分别是24.25%,32.33%;对前额叶皮层MAO-B抑制率分别是6.24%,10.40%。解低组、解中组和解高组对慢性应激大鼠下丘脑MAO-B活性抑制率分别是12.96%,19.32%和17.66%。结论 解郁丸的抗抑郁作用可能与降低慢性应激大鼠下丘脑、海马和前额叶皮层的单胺氧化酶活性有关。     

Complete remission of generalized relapsed extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type of the gastrointestinal tract after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation

 Due to their homing properties, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL) of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type remain localized for long periods of time, and therefore have an excellent prognosis. However, if generalization and/or transformation into a diffuse large-cell lymphoma occurs, the prognosis deteriorates and no established treatment concepts are yet available. We report about a 57-year-old female patient with relapsed transformed stage-IV extranodal MZBL of MALT type of the entire gastrointestinal tract who was successfully treated using salvage chemotherapy followed by BEAM conditioning [BCNU 1,3-bis-2-(chloroethyl-1-nitrosourea), etoposide, cytosine arabinoside, and melphalan] and autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation. Follow-up revealed a sustained complete remission for 22 months. Received: 14 October 1999 / Accepted: 28 March 2000     

偏头痛患者颈静脉血血小板活化能力和血管内皮素及镁水平的变化

目的观察偏头痛患者外周血血小板活化能力、血管内皮素(ET-1)及镁(Mg2 )的含量变化,探讨其在偏头痛发病机制中的作用。方法测定40例偏头痛患者发作期、间歇期颈静脉血血小板活化能力、ET-1及Mg2 含量,同时选取38例健康体检者作为对照。结果偏头痛组发作期血小板自聚力、血小板内游离Ca2 及血浆ET-1含量均增高,血清Mg2 降低,与对照组比较差别有显著性意义(P<0·05);与间歇期相比差别亦有显著性意义(P<0·05)。结论偏头痛患者颈静脉血血小板活化能力、ET-1及mg2 在发作期、间歇期的水平明显不同,这种变化可能是偏头痛发作的一种因素。     

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea

A retrospective study was performed at Port Moresby General Hospital covering the period 1.1.81-31.3.86. There were 37 cases of hydatidiform mole, 2 of choriocarcinoma and 4 of metastasizing gestational trophoblastic disease of unknown histology, During the study period there were 35,630 deliveries in the same hospital. The incidence of hydatidiform mole was found to be 1:963 deliveries. Among the patients with hydatidiform mole 1 death was recorded whilst in the group with choriocarcinoma and unclassified disease there were 4 deaths. Of the patients treated for hydatidiform mole 48.5% made no follow-up visits to the hospital.     

Early and late metabolic alterations in children and adolescents with a kock urinary reservoir

OBJECTIVE: To assess the early and late metabolic effects of urinary diversion in children and adolescents with a Kock urinary reservoir. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirteen children (aged 10.8- 16 years) and seven adolescents (aged 16-18 years; 10 girls and 10 boys), underwent surgery for congenital urinary incontinence. They were followed for 3-10 years (mean 6.5), divided into an early (3 months to 2 years) and a late (2-10 years) period, and assessed for renal function and any metabolic effects. RESULTS: At the early and late follow-up, one of 19 and three of 16 patients, respectively, had metabolic acidosis. Hyperchloraemia was present in four of 20 patients at the early and in eight of 18 at the late follow-up. Serum creatinine was increased in four of 20 patients at the early and eight of 18 at the late follow-up. In patients with infrequent reservoir emptying (相似文献