桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹皮瓣在虎口修复中的应用

目的：总结桡动脉掌浅支（ SPBRA)腕横纹部逆行岛状皮瓣在虎口软组织缺损修复中的应用及疗效。方法回顾性分析2012年1月—2013年3月徐州仁慈医院手足显微外科收治的8例虎口软组织缺损患者的临床资料。其中男5例、女3例,年龄15~63岁。开放伤5例,虎口挛缩松解术后创面3例。创面范围2．5 cm ×3 cm~3．5 cm ×7 cm,平均3．1 cm ×4．8 cm。开放伤均在一期创面彻底清创止血后行负压封闭引流（VSD),二期行创面修复。8例患者均采用大小为3．0 cm ×3．5 cm~4．0 cm ×7．5 cm的SPBRA腕横纹岛状皮瓣带蒂逆行转移修复虎口软组织缺损;供区直接缝合。术后观察皮瓣成活、伤口愈合情况,随访观察皮瓣质地、虎口功能及供区功能情况。结果本组8例,术中1例因血管变异改行其他术式,其余7例均顺利完成手术。7例患者术后皮瓣均完全成活,供、受区创面均Ⅰ期愈合;术后随访6~13个月,平均9．5个月,皮瓣颜色及质地与周围皮肤相似,外形满意,皮瓣恢复部分浅感觉,拇指可完成外展及对掌功能,供区瘢痕轻微,无功能影响。术后6个月7例患者虎口宽度距离为5．2~6．1 cm,平均5．8 cm,虎口宽度为健侧的72%~96%（平均87%),拇指可完成外展及对掌功能。重建虎口功能评定：优5例,良1例,中1例。腕部供区功能评定：优6例,良1例。结论 SPBRA腕横纹部逆行岛状皮瓣带蒂转移修复虎口软组织缺损,具有手术简便、血运可靠、术后功能、外观恢复好等优点,是修复虎口创面的理想方法之一。     

Lingo‐1 Inhibited by RNA Interference Promotes Functional Recovery of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Lingo‐1 is a negative regulator of myelination. Repairment of demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS)/experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), requires activation of the myelination program. In this study, we observed the effect of RNA interference on Lingo‐1 expression, and the impact of Lingo‐1 suppression on functional recovery and myelination/remyelination in EAE mice. Lentiviral vectors encoding Lingo‐1 short hairpin RNA (LV/Lingo‐1‐shRNA) were constructed to inhibit Lingo‐1 expression. LV/Lingo‐1‐shRNA of different titers were transferred into myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein‐induced EAE mice by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection. Meanwhile, lentiviral vectors carrying nonsense gene sequence (LVCON053) were used as negative control. The Lingo‐1 expression was detected and locomotor function was evaluated at different time points (on days 1,3,7,14,21, and 30 after ICV injection). Myelination was investigated by luxol fast blue (LFB) staining.LV/Lingo‐1‐shRNA administration via ICV injection could efficiently down‐regulate the Lingo‐1 mRNA and protein expression in EAE mice on days 7,14,21, and 30 (P < 0.01), especially in the 5 × 10⁸ TU/mL and 5 × 10⁹ TU/mL LV/Lingo‐1‐shRNA groups. The locomotor function score in the LV/Lingo‐1‐shRNA treated groups were significantly lower than the untreated or LVCON053 group from day 7 on. The 5 × 10⁸ TU/mL LV/Lingo‐1‐shRNA group achieved the best functional improvement (0.87 ± 0.11 vs. 3.05 ± 0.13, P < 0.001). Enhanced myelination/remyelination was observed in the 5 × 10⁷, 5 × 10⁸, 5 × 10⁹ TU/mL LV/Lingo‐1‐shRNA groups by LFB staining (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05).The data showed that administering LV/Lingo‐1‐shRNA by ICV injection could efficiently knockdown Lingo‐1 expression in vivo, improve functional recovery and enhance myelination/remyelination. Antagonism of Lingo‐1 by RNA interference is, therefore, a promising approach for the treatment of demyelinating diseases, such as MS/EAE. Anat Rec, 297:2356–2363, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Polymorphism of HLA-DRB1, -DQB1 and -DPB1 genes in Bai ethnic group in southwestern China

In this work, polymorphism of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1, -DQB1 and -DPB1 genes was detected using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing method in 128 healthy unrelated volunteers from the Bai ethnic group of Yunnan province of southwest China. Among all the 28 alleles detected for the DRB1 gene, the most common allele was DRB1*120201 with a frequency of 16.41%, followed by DRB1*090102, DRB1*080302, DRB1*1404, DRB1*150101, DRB1*140101 and DRB1*160201, with frequencies of 10.16%, 9.77%, 9.38%, 8.98%, 8.59% and 8.21%, respectively. Among 19 DQB1 alleles detected, the most frequent allele was DQB1*030101/0309 (35.94%), followed by DQB1*050201 (11.33%), DQB1*060101/060103 (10.54%) and DQB1*0401 (10.16%). For the DPB1 locus, the most common alleles were DPB1*0501 (42.19%), DPB1*1301 (13.28%), DPB1*020102 (10.93%) and DPB1*040101 (9.77%). The comparison of HLA class II allele frequencies of Bais with those of other Chinese populations suggested that the Bai ethnic group belonged to the southern group of Chinese.     

菌落PCR和质粒PCR对转化菌的筛选

为建立简便,可靠转化菌的筛选方法。方法应用菌落ＰＣＲ和重组质粒ＰＣＲ方法对转化菌进行筛选和ＤＮＡ序列分析。克隆载体和表达载体筛选及鉴定采用与载体多克隆插入位眯序列互补的通用引物或免疫球蛋白家族特异性引物。结果菌落ＰＣＲ和质粒ＰＣＲ技术可作为基因克隆筛选和鉴定的方法。结论菌落ＰＤＲ和质粒ＰＣＲ方向简便,快速,可靠,其产可作为模板直接用于序列分析。     

霍乱弧菌溶原性噬菌体CTXΦ的氯霉素抗性基因标记及诱导

目的　对携带霍乱毒素基因的溶原性噬菌体CTXΦ进行遗传标记 ,以深入研究CTXΦ对霍乱弧菌的转染机制。方法　将CTXΦ基因组中ctxAB的上下游同源序列连接到cat基因的两侧 ,然后通过自杀质粒介导的DNA同源重组技术将霍乱菌株N16 96 1染色体上CTXΦ基因组中的ctxAB基因缺失掉 ,替换以氯霉素抗性基因 ,对CTXΦ基因组进行遗传标记 ,然后用丝裂霉素C诱导这种经抗性基因标记的噬菌体 ,再利用它对古典型霍乱弧菌的转染检测活性。结果　获得了ctxAB缺失、带有cat遗传标记的重组菌株N Φc;诱导出的CTXΦc噬菌体颗粒成功感染了霍乱菌株 1119。结论　N Φc中的CTXΦ带有了氯霉素抗性标记 ,诱导出具有感染活性的CTXΦc可用于研究毒力基因的水平转移     

B超测量胎儿腹围预测胎儿体重的价值

目的 研究B超测量胎儿腹围预测巨大胎儿的临床价值。方法 选择184例宫高＋腹围≥140cm的足月单胎孕妇，应用B超测量胎儿双顶径（BPD），头围（HC）腹围（AC），股骨长度（FL）；根据新生儿体重将孕妇分为巨大儿组及非巨大儿组，比较两组间差异；分析腹围与新生儿体重的关系。结果 胎儿腹围与新生儿体重的相关性最好（r=0.84），当胎儿腹围≥35.0cm时，可以预测85.7%的巨大胎儿。结论 超声测量胎儿腹围能准确预测巨大胎儿的体重。     

囊性听神经瘤的显微手术策略与临床分析

目的探讨囊性听神经瘤的临床特点及其显微外科手术的治疗方法。 方法回顾性分析2013年1月~2017年12月华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院神经外科收治的囊性听神经瘤69例。所有囊性听神经瘤均行手术治疗,采用枕下乙状窦后入路。结果肿瘤全切61例（88.4%）,次全切除6例（8.7%）,部分切除2例（2.9%）;面神经解剖保留率为64例（92.7%）。术后2周采用面神经功能House Brackmann分级,其中Ⅰ Ⅱ级47例（68.1%）,Ⅲ Ⅳ级16例（23.2%）,Ⅴ Ⅵ级6例（8.7%）;术后后组脑神经功能障碍4例（5.8%）,术后实用听力保留患者4例（5.8%）。结论囊性听神经瘤应尽量早期积极手术,在充分保护面神经功能的前提下,力争全切肿瘤。同时术者丰富的显微外科技术,以及超声刀、激光刀、电生理监测等重要工具的应用,是保障囊性听神经瘤手术效果和保全神经功能的关键因素。     

Antifungal cyclic depsipeptide, eujavanicin A, isolated from Eupenicillium javanicum

In the course of searching for new antifungal agents, a new cyclic depsipeptide, eujavanicin A (1), was isolated from Eupenicillium javanicum as an antifungal agent against the human pathogenic filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. The structure of 1 was established by spectroscopic and chemical investigations. The absolute stereochemistry was elucidated by Marfey's method and by chiral HPLC analysis.     

下腔静脉采超测定在血透者干体重确定中的应用

目的 :探讨维持性血液透析患者干体重确定的安全、准确的方法。方法 :对 6 8例维持性血液透析患者应用彩色多普勒超声仪 ,在透析前后测定下腔静脉直径 (IVCD) ,计算IVCD与体表面积之比 (VCD)同时结合临床及检查等。并分组观察血压、超滤量等相关影响因素 ,进行对照分析。结果 :整体透析超滤之后 ,VCD均值为 (9.4 5± 2 .2 9) ,较透析前显著减小 ,与正常对照组无显著性差异 ,结合胸片血压及临床症状 ,确定达到干体重。高血压、超滤率≥ 2 .5时IVCD、VCD值大于整体均值。结论 :彩色多普勒测定IVCD及VCD是确定维持性血透患者干体重的好方法。     

恶性疟原虫MESA基因的克隆和测序

目的克隆、测定恶性疟原虫海南株(FCC1／HN)成熟疟原虫感染红细胞表面抗原(MESA)基因序列，并进行序列分析。方法根据恶性疟原虫palo-alto株MESA基因已知序列，设计合成四对引物，用PCR技术从FCC1／HN株基因组DNA中扩增出4个部分序列重叠的MESA基因片段，分别克隆入pMD-18T测序载体。用双脱氧链末端终止法测定这4个基因片段的序列，拼接得到全长MESA基因序列。应用DNAstar、AnthProt软件辅助进行序列同源性比较和抗原表位区预测。结果PCR扩增得到特异的恶性疟原虫FCC1／HN株MESA基因片段，酶切及PCR鉴定获得了包含MESA基因片段的重组质粒。测序结果表明，FCC1／HN株MESA全基因编码区长4102bp，A T含量为72．11％，G C含量为27．89％，有1个内含子；编码1323个氨基酸残基，分子量为154470u。序列分析表明，FCC1／HN株与Palo-aho、D10株MESA蛋白在长度和序列组成上呈多态性，序列差异较大区域位于MESA蛋白的氨基酸重复区1、3、4、5和7。经多参数综合分析，有7个潜在的抗原表位区。结论测定、分析了恶性疟原虫FCC1／HN株MESA基因序列。FCC1／HN株MESA基因与其它分离株的MESA基因编码的氨基酸序列存在一定差异。