Contribution of individual projections alone and in combination for radiographic detection of ankle fractures

OBJECTIVE: We wanted to determine whether the standard three-view ankle radiographic series could be replaced by a two-view combination, and if so, which two-view combination (anteroposterior with lateral or mortise with lateral) would be superior. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a 12-month period, we retrospectively reviewed 556 consecutive ankle radiographic studies consisting of anteroposterior, mortise, and lateral views. One hundred twenty patients with at least one ankle fracture were paired with 140 healthy control subjects. Each image in the three-view examination was separated and sorted by view and studied independently; all images were reviewed by two skeletal radiologists and two orthopedic surgeons. Each radiograph was evaluated for fracture of the medial, lateral, and posterior malleoli and the foot using a five-point confidence rating. Performance of each view and modeled two- and three-view combinations of views was evaluated with modified receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: The data provide little support for preferring either two-view combination (anteroposterior-lateral or mortise-lateral) for any type of fracture. The three-view combination does detect significantly more fractures than some two-view combinations in some locations, and there is a statistically significant cost in diagnostic accuracy for eliminating the anteroposterior or mortise view. CONCLUSION: Reducing the ankle radiographic series from three to two views would result in a small but significant decrease in the detection of fractures of the ankle and foot. Both two-view combinations are equivalent for fracture detection.     

白首乌化学成分的研究

自白首乌主要品种耳叶牛皮消(Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight)根中首次分得三个已知甾体酯型甙元:告达亭(caudatin),开德甙元(kidjolanin),萝藦甙元(Metaplexigenin)和一种新的二苯酮衍生物(Ⅳ),经光谱分析推定其结构为2,6,2′,5′-四羟基,3-乙酰基,6′-甲基二苯酮,命名白首乌二苯酮。     

白首乌化学成分的研究

自白首乌主要品种耳叶牛皮消(Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight)根中首次分得三个已知甾体酯型甙元:告达亭(caudatin),开德甙元(kidjolanin),萝藦甙元(Metaplexigenin)和一种新的二苯酮衍生物(Ⅳ),经光谱分析推定其结构为2,6,2′,5′-四羟基,3-乙酰基,6′-甲基二苯酮,命名白首乌二苯酮。     

Proximal coracobrachialis tendon rupture,subscapularis tendon rupture,and medial dislocation of the long head of the biceps tendon in an adult after traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation

Rupture of the coracobrachialis is a rare entity, in isolation or in combination with other muscular or tendinous structures. When described, it is often a result of direct trauma to the anatomic area resulting in rupture of the muscle belly. The authors present a case of a 57-year-old female who suffered a proximal coracobrachialis tendon rupture from its origin at the coracoid process, with concomitant subscapularis tear and medial dislocation of the long head of biceps tendon after first time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. Two weeks after injury, magnetic resonance imaging suggested the diagnosis, which was confirmed during combined arthroscopic and open technique. Soft-tissue tenodesis of coracobrachialis to the intact short head of the biceps, tenodesis of the long head of biceps to the intertubercular groove, and double-row anatomic repair of the subscapularis were performed. The patient did well postoperatively, and ultimately at 6 months follow-up, she was without pain, and obtained 160° of active forward elevation, 45° of external rotation, internal rotation to T8, 5/5 subscapularis and biceps strength. Scoring scales had improved from the following preoperative to final follow-up: American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, 53.33-98.33; constant, 10-100; visual analogue scale-pain, 4-0. DASH score was 5.     

"Early-peak" carbon monoxide production in certain erythropoietic disorders

The "early-labeled" peak (ELP) of 14CO excretion following injection of glycine-2-14C was used to study erythropoiesis in a patient with sideroblastic anemia and in four subjects with myeloproliferative disorders. The ELP was greatly enlarged in all patients, as compared with a normal volunteer. The contour of the peaks from the hematologically abnormal subjects suggested the presence of increased erythroid heme degradation. In the patient with sideroblastic anemia, all hours of the early peak were significantly reduced after transfusion. This was interpreted to mean that even the earliest or "nonerythroid" phase of the peak is influenced by erythropoietic activity, at least under conditions of erythropoietic stress.