ACUPUNCTURE EFFECT ON GENE EXPRESSION OF c-fosmRNA, ppENKmRNA, iNOSmRNA AND iNOS ACTIVITY IN THE MOUSE SPINAL CORD

Ｉｔｗａｓｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｍｅｔｈｉｏｎｉｎｅｅｎｋｅｐｈａｌｉｎｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ(ＭＥＫＩＲ)ａｎｄｌｅｕｃｉｎｅｅｎｋｅｐｈａｌｉｎｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ(ＬＥＫＩＲ)ｗｅｒｅａｔｔｅｎｕａｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｇｕｉｎｅａｐｉｇ’ｓｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄａｆｔｅｒａｃｕｐｕｎｃｔｕｒｅｉｎｏｕｒｐｒｅｖｉｏｕｓｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔ,ｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｉｎｇｔｈａｔａｃｕｐｕｎｃｔｕｒｅｍａｙｉｎｄｕｃｅｔｈｅｒｅｌｅａｓｅｏｆＭＥＫａｎｄＬＥＫｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｓｐｉｎ…     

The NHS England 100,000 Genomes Project: feasibility and utility of centralised genome sequencing for children with cancer

Background Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of cancers is becoming an accepted component of oncological care, and NHS England is currently rolling out WGS for all children with cancer. This approach was piloted during the 100,000 genomes (100 K) project. Here we share the experience of the East of England Genomic Medicine Centre (East-GMC), reporting the feasibility and clinical utility of centralised WGS for individual children locally.Methods Non-consecutive children with solid tumours were recruited into the pilot 100 K project at our Genomic Medicine Centre. Variant catalogues were returned for local scrutiny and appraisal at dedicated genomic tumour advisory boards with an emphasis on a detailed exploration of potential clinical value.Results Thirty-six children, representing one-sixth of the national 100 K cohort, were recruited through our Genomic Medicine Centre. The diagnoses encompassed 23 different solid tumour types and WGS provided clinical utility, beyond standard-of-care assays, by refining (2/36) or changing (4/36) diagnoses, providing prognostic information (8/36), defining pathogenic germline mutations (1/36) or revealing novel therapeutic opportunities (8/36).Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the feasibility and clinical value of centralised WGS for children with cancer. WGS offered additional clinical value, especially in diagnostic terms. However, our experience highlights the need for local expertise in scrutinising and clinically interpreting centrally derived variant calls for individual children.Subject terms: Cancer genomics, Cancer genomics     

RP-HPLC法测定北虫草发酵培养物中虫草素的含量

目的:建立测定北虫草发酵培养物中虫草素含量的方法。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为DIAMONSIL-C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水-甲醇(5∶90∶5),流速为0.8mL·min-1,柱温为40℃,检测波长为259nm。结果:虫草素检测浓度在2.56～51.20μg·mL-1范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9998);平均回收率为98.35%,RSD=2.71%(n=6)。结论:本方法灵敏、快速、准确,适用于北虫草发酵培养物中虫草素的检测。     

Therapeutic traditions in Northern Ireland,Norway and Sweden: I. Diabetes

Summary A questionnaire survey was carried out to explore differences in the approach to treatment of patients with Type II diabetes between physicians in Northern Ireland, Norway and Sweden, and to discover to what extent it could account for the three-fold difference in drug use between the countries. A representative sample of 400 physicians in each country was asked to give their opinions on the choice of therapy for three model cases designed to cover the spectrum of treatment — from diet alone to insulin. Significantly more Swedish (65%) than Northern Irish (51%) and Norwegian (52%) doctors suggested diet alone for uncomplicated diabetes recently discovered in a middle aged, overweight man. For symptomatic diabetes in a 76 year old overweight woman with few retinal microaneurysms, the majority of physicians in all three countries suggested treatment with sulphonylureas. Biguanides were here a more common alternative in Northern Ireland than in Scandinavia. For suspected secondary treatment failure in a 63 year old woman with no signs of complications, insulin was suggested by 71% of the Norwegian doctors but only by 44 and 49% of those in Northern Ireland and Sweden, respectively. General practitioners tended to suggest oral treatment earlier and to maintain it longer than hospital physicians. The study has demonstrated significant differences in the approach to treatment of Type II diabetes mellitus between physicians in the three countries. However, the differences were more prominent in the choice of drugs than in the threshold of drug treatment. The results also fit with qualitative but not with quantitative differences in drug sales between the countries, suggesting that important differences may exist in the prevalence of clinically recognized Type II diabetes.     

移植性肿瘤的自然消退与免疫形成的研究

本文对小鼠移植性肿瘤的自然消退与其免疫形成进行观察,结果表明:自然消退的EAC昆明鼠对肿瘤的再次攻击具有强烈的排斥反应。应用化疗药物RS034(Sodium sald.ofbishemisuccinate of 7β-Hydroxycholesterol)治愈的L_(1210) DBA/2小鼠进行肿瘤再次移植时,同样产生对抗作用。而用化疗药物5-Fu治愈的小鼠没有出现免疫排斥反应。     

甲壳素对双氯灭痛缓释片溶出的影响

以pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液为释放介质,采用转蓝法测定了不同甲壳素含量的双氯灭痛缓释片的体外累体释放度。结果表明,随着片剂中壳素含量的增高、片剂溶出变慢,且溶出越符合零级释放。     

2,5-二氯苄腈的合成

目的 本合成路线是以合成2，5一二氯苯腈为目的。方法以对二氯苯为起始原料，经乙酰化、溴仿反应、最后经氰化共三步反应制得目标化合物。结果 该法简洁且原料价廉，总收率为(58.5％)。     

Individualized norms of optimal fetal growth: fetal growth potential

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that individualized optimal fetal growth norms, accounting for physiologic and pathologic determinants of fetal growth, better identify normal and abnormal outcomes of pregnancy than existing methods. METHODS: In a prospective cohort of 38,033 singleton pregnancies, we identified 9,818 women with a completely normal outcome of pregnancy and characterized the physiologic factors affecting birth weight using multivariable regression. We used those physiologic factors to individually predict optimal growth trajectory and its variation, growth potential, for each fetus in the entire cohort. By comparing actual birth weight with growth potential, population, ultrasound, and customized norms, we calculated for each fetus achieved percentiles, by each norm. We then compared proportions of pregnancies classified as normally grown, between 10th and 90th percentile, or aberrantly grown, outside this interval, by growth potential and traditional norms, in 14,229 complicated pregnancies, 1,518 pregnancies with diabetes or hypertensive disorders, and 1,347 pregnancies with neonatal complications. RESULTS: Nineteen physiologic factors, associated with maternal characteristics and early placental function, were identified. Growth potential norms correctly classified significantly more pregnancies than population, ultrasound, or customized norms in complicated pregnancies (26.4% compared with 18.3%, 18.7%, 22.8%, respectively, all P<.05), pregnancies with diabetes or hypertensive disorders (37.3% compared with 23.0%, 28.0%, 34.0%, respectively, all P<.05) and neonatal complications (33.3% compared with 19.7%, 24.9%, 29.8%, respectively, all P<.05). CONCLUSION: Growth potential norms based on the physiologic determinants of birth weight are a better discriminator of aberrations of fetal growth than traditional norms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.     

Management of jaundice and prevention of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in infants >or=35 weeks gestation

Kernicterus is still occurring but should be largely preventable if health care personnel follow the recommendations listed in this guideline. These recommendations emphasize the importance of universal, systematic assessment of the risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia, lactation support, close follow-up, and prompt intervention when necessary. A systems-based approach to prevent severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia should be implemented at all birthing facilities and coordinated with continuing ambulatory care. Translational research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of bilirubin neurotoxicity and potential therapeutic interventions.