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61.
Ann C. Klassen Brandy Joe Milliron Yuki Suehiro Safina Abdulloeva Beth Leonberg Suzanne Grossman Margaret Chenault Lisa Bossert Jalal Maqsood Rauf Abduzhalilov Malika Iskandari 《Maternal & child nutrition》2019,15(2)
Dietary diversity is a key component of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) as well as adult health. In Tajikistan, a predominantly rural, former Soviet country in Central Asia, we conducted formative research to identify barriers to dietary diversity and strategies for nutrition behaviour change. In Spring, 2016, mixed‐methods data collection took place across 13 villages in all five regions, collecting collaborative mapping; structured assessments of stores and markets; home visits for dietary recalls; food storage, preparation, and meal observations; focus groups with pregnant women, mothers of young children, fathers, and mothers‐in‐law; and in‐depth expert interviews with local nutrition and health influentials. Overall, maternal diet was adequate in terms of diversity (only 13% reported <5/10 food groups in the past 24 hr); however, only 42% of index children 6–24 months met WHO guidelines for diversity, and only 34% met minimum acceptable diet criteria. In addition to issues of poverty and food scarcity, qualitative data reveal many behavioural barriers to timely introduction of diverse complementary foods. Women's strategies focused on gradual introduction of household diet components, without regard for diversity or nutrition. Foods such as meat were seen as costly and thus inappropriate for IYCF, and food taboos (i.e., fresh vegetables) further reduced diversity. Infant food preparation methods such as grinding were seen as impractical, and many foods were withheld until children develop teeth. Possible nutrition education strategies include point‐of‐purchase campaigns to improve availability and appeal of IYCF‐friendly foods, as well as influencing other key household members through mosques, schools, and health care providers. 相似文献
62.
Moazam Javed Muhammad Tarique Tunio Hafiz Abdul Rauf Muhammad Fahad Bhutta Sadia Naz Sajid Iqbal 《Andrologia》2019,51(8)
The aim of the present study was to determine the protective effects of pomegranate juice in tris‐based extender on semen parameters, computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA) motion characteristics and field fertility of post‐thawed Nili Ravi buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa. Two consecutive ejaculates/collection from each of the five adult Nili Ravi buffalo bulls were collected with artificial vagina at 42°C for a period of 7 weeks, diluted in extender containing different concentrations of pomegranate juice (0.0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%). Diluted samples were packed and frozen in 0.54 ml French straws. The addition of 10% pomegranate juice in extender significantly improved post‐thaw sperm morphology (%), motilities (CASA total motility, progressive motility (%) as well as VAP, VSL, VCL, STR, DAP, DSL) compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Plasma membrane, acrosome membrane and DNA integrity were significantly higher in extender with 10% pomegranate juice than the control group (p < 0.05). Field fertility rate (60.39% vs. 46.53%) was higher (p < 0.05) in extender with 10% pomegranate juice as compared to the control. It is therefore concluded that the addition of 10% pomegranate juice in tris‐based extender improves post‐thaw semen parameters, CASA motion dynamics and field fertility in Nili Ravi buffaloes. 相似文献
63.
Kanak Mazhar A. Shahbazov Rauf Yoshimatsu Gumpei Levy Marlon F. Lawrence Michael C. Naziruddin Bashoo 《Journal of gastroenterology》2017,52(3):352-365
Journal of Gastroenterology - The underlying molecular mechanism that leads to development of chronic pancreatitis remains elusive. The aim of this study is to understand the downstream... 相似文献
64.
Munish Kohli Asha Mathur Monica Kohli Saif Rauf Siddiqui 《Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery》2009,8(4):329-333
Objective
To assess the most common micro-organisms causing odontogenic infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility. 相似文献65.
Imtiaz Wani Viliam Šnábel Ghulam Naikoo Shadab Wani Muddasir Wani Abid Amin Tariq Sheikh Fazal Q Parray Rauf A Wani 《World journal of emergency surgery : WJES》2010,5(1):15
Background
Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. In children with intestinal ascariasis, the diverticulum remains asymptomatic or rarely the Ascaris lumbricoides may lead to its complications in the presence of massive intestinal roundworm load. Given that preoperative diagnosis is seldom carried out, when Meckel's diverticulum is found at laparotomy for obstructive intestinal complications of roundworm, the diverticulum should be removed as complications may occur at any time. The aim of this study was to describe the findings of concomitant presence of Meckel's diverticulum who had surgical intervention in symptomatic intestinal ascariasis in children. 相似文献66.
Syeda Hafiza Benish Ali Kashif Sardar Bangash Abdur Rauf Muhammad Younis Khursheed Anwar Raja Khurram Muhammad Athar Khawaja Maleeha Azam Abid Ali Qureshi Saeed Akhter Lambertus A. Kiemeney Raheel Qamar 《Familial cancer》2017,16(4):577-594
Urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) is the most common among urinary bladder neoplasms. We carried out a preliminary study to determine the genetic etiology of UBC in Pakistani population, for this 25 sequence variants from 17 candidate genes were studied in 400 individuals by using polymerase chain reaction-based techniques. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for association analysis of the overall data as well as the data stratified by smoking status, tumor grade and tumor stage. Variants of GSTM1, IGFBP3, LEPR and ACE were found to be associated with altered UBC risk in the overall comparison. CYP1B1 and CDKN1A variants displayed a risk modulation among smokers; IGFBP3 and LEPR variants among nonsmokers while GSTM1 polymorphism exhibited association with both. GSTM1 and LEPR variants conferred an altered susceptibility to low grade UBC; GSTT1, IGFBP3 and PPARG variants to high grade UBC while ACE polymorphism to both grades. GSTM1 and LEPR variants exhibited risk modulation for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC); GSTT1 and PPARG variants for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), and ACE variant for NMIBC as well as MIBC. In general, the susceptibility markers were common for low grade and NMIBC; and distinct from those for high grade and MIBC indicating the distinct pathologies of both groups. In brief, our results conform to reports of previously associated variants in addition to identifying novel potential genetic predictors of UBC susceptibility. 相似文献
67.
Mechanistic insights of intestinal absorption and renal conservation of folate in chronic alcoholism
Nissar Ahmad Wani Shilpa Thakur Rauf Ahmad Najar Ritambhara Nada Krishan Lal Khanduja Jyotdeep Kaur 《Alcohol》2013
Folate mediated one-carbon metabolism is of fundamental importance for various cellular processes, including DNA synthesis and methylation of biological molecules. Due to the exogenous requirement of folate in mammals, there exists a well developed epithelial folate transport system for regulation of normal folate homeostasis. The intestinal and renal folate uptake is tightly and diversely regulated and disturbances in folate homeostasis like in alcoholism have pathological consequences. The study was sought to delineate the regulatory mechanism of folate uptake in intestine and reabsorption in renal tubular cells that could evaluate insights of malabsorption during alcoholism. The folate transporters PCFT and RFC were found to be associated with lipid rafts of membrane surfaces in intestine and kidney. Importantly, the observed lower intestinal and renal folate uptake was associated with decreased levels of folate transporter viz. PCFT and RFC in lipid rafts of intestinal and renal membrane surfaces. The decreased association of folate transporters in lipid rafts was associated with decreased protein and mRNA levels. In addition, immunohistochemical studies showed that alcoholic conditions deranged that localization of PCFT and RFC. These findings could explain the possible mechanistic insights that may result in folate malabsorption during alcoholism. 相似文献
68.
Dr. Muhammad Rauf MBBS MRCP SCE P G Cert Med Education Dr. Jeff White 《memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology》2013,6(2):140-143
Testicular sex cord stromal tumours (SCSTs) arise from the supporting tissues of the testis. The most common clinical presentation is with a testicular mass, which most often causes swelling and/or discomfort or one of the variants of the SCSTs can be rarely present as oversecretion of testosterone or oestrogen. Eighty to ninety percent of the SCSTs are benign but their behaviour and prognosis is difficult to predict, and they cannot be differentiated from germ-cell tumours clinically or radiologically. It is very important to find features in post-orchidectomy specimens, which are associated with a malignant clinical behaviour; Kim et al. (Am J Surg Pathol 9(3):177–92, 1985) had defined the malignancy criteria. The purpose of this article is to review case series, prognostic factors, and summarise information about the site and timing of relapse to help draft recommendations for follow-up guidelines in SCSTs. Data from the literature are conflicting in terms of risk factors and optimal follow-up schedules. Pub Med was searched for keywords such as testicular SCSTs follow-up. Case studies done between 1998 and 2011 involving 146 patients were included in this review to recommend follow-up guideline for stage 1 SCSTs on the basis of risk factors. 相似文献
69.
70.
Rauf Melekoglu Osman Ciftci Sevil Eraslan Aslı Cetin Nese Basak 《Gynecological endocrinology》2013,29(11):975-980
AbstractThe objective of this article is to analyze the effects of nerolidol and hesperidin treatment on surgically induced endometriosis in a rat model. Endometriosis was induced in 24 healthy adult female Wistar albino rats via homologous uterine horn transplantation. Three operations were performed on each rat. After the second operation, the rats were randomized into control, nerolidol, and hesperidin treatment groups, and medications were administered for 2?weeks. The effects of the drugs on the endometriotic foci were evaluated after the third operation. Compared with the endometriosis control group, the average volume of the lesions was significantly lower in rats treated with hesperidin and nerolidol. Malondialdehyde levels were significantly reduced in the nerolidol-treated group, and glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly elevated in the endometriotic foci of both the hesperidin- and nerolidol-treated groups compared with the endometriosis group. Hesperidin and nerolidol treatment also improved histological parameters, such as hemorrhage, vascular congestion, necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the endometriotic foci. The results of this study demonstrated that treatment with the potent antioxidants nerolidol and hesperidin caused a significant regression of surgically induced endometriotic foci in rats. 相似文献