Cyclosporin A in severe, therapy-resistant atopic dermatitis: report of an international workshop, April 1993

Summary Data on the use of oral cyclosporin A (CyA; Sandimmun®) therapy for severe adult atopic dermatitis have accumulated since 1987. Details of over 200 adult patients who have received short-term CyA were presented at an international workshop in April 1993. Eighty-six of these patients had participated in three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in which CyA was given for 6–8 weeks. The efficacy and safety of short-term CyA treatment in atopic dermatitis is established, provided that appropriate guidelines are observed. Evidence to date suggests that atopic dermatitis patients are no more prone to toxicity than patients with psoriasis, in whom more detailed and longer-term data are available. Early data also suggest that long-term CyA may be effective in atopic dermatitis, but there is concern regarding long-term safety, as experience is still limited. Careful monitoring of all CyA-treated patients is therefore mandatory. CyA should only be used under the direct and regular supervision of a hospital-based dermatologist who is knowledgeable in the use of cyclosporin A, and experienced in the management of severe skin disease and in the use of potentially toxic drugs.     

HAIR FOLLICLE NEVUS

Four cases of hair follicle nevi are described. Hair follicle nevus is an extremely rare hamartoma occurring on the face, which has had no clear histopathologic definition until now. A short review of the clinicopathologic features of this disease is presented.     

直接抗病毒药物在丙型肝炎病毒及合并艾滋病病毒感染中的应用进展

在过去几年中,抗丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus,HCV）治疗药物的研发取得了突破性进展。大量基础和临床研究证实,针对病毒蛋白的直接抗病毒药物（direct-acting antivirals,DAAs）能有效治疗HCV感染,获得高达90%以上的持续病毒应答（sustained viral response,SVR）。然而,由于诸多因素的影响,HCV合并人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus,HIV）感染的患者尚未得到有效的抗HCV治疗。在此将重点简述了DAAs的分类、作用机制及其临床试验效果;此外,还介绍了宿主靶向药物（host-targeting agents,HTAs）的研发情况,以及DAAs在HCV合并HIV患者中的临床应用进展。