Effects of the CRF1 antagonist SSR125543A on aggressive behaviors in hamsters

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and its receptor subtypes have been implicated in endocrine and behavioral responsivity to stress and emotion, including fear, anxiety, and aggression. SSR125543A is a new nonpeptide selective antagonist at the CRF1 receptor that has been shown to produce an anxiolytic-like effect in a number of animal models of anxiety. The present study investigated effects of an oral dose of 10, or 30 mg/kg of SSR125543A on aggressive behaviors of resident male Syrian hamsters toward male intruders. The high dose (30 mg/kg) of the CRF1 receptor antagonist produced a higher latency to bite and lower lateral attack frequencies and chase durations, indicating a reduction in aggression toward intruders in resident hamsters. The same dose of SSR125543A also enhanced frequency and duration of olfactory investigation, indicating that neither avoidance of the opponent nor deficiency in social activity is responsible for the reduction in aggression seen in these animals.     

Synergistic anticancer effect of flavonoids from Sophora alopecuroides with Sorafenib against hepatocellular carcinoma

Sorafenib (SF), a multi-kinase inhibitor, is the first FDA-approved systemic chemotherapy drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its clinical application is limited by severe toxicity and side effects associated with high applied doses. Sophora alopecuroides L. is traditionally used as Chinese herbal medicine for treating gastrointestinal diseases, bacillary dysentery, viral hepatitis, and other diseases, and exerts an important role in anti-tumor. Hence, we investigated the synergistic actions of seventeen flavonoids from this herb combined with SF against HCC cell lines and their primary mechanism. In the experiment, most compounds were found to prominently enhance the inhibitory effects of SF on HCC cells than their alone treatment. Among them, three compounds leachianone A ( 1 ), sophoraflavanone G ( 3 ), and trifolirhizin ( 17 ) exhibited significantly synergistic anticancer activities against MHCC97H cells at low concentration with IC₅₀ of SF reduced by 5.8-fold, 3.6-fold, and 3.5-fold corresponding their CI values of 0.49, 0.66, and 0.46 respectively. Importantly, compounds 3 or 17 combined with SF could synergistically induce MHCC97H cells apoptosis via the endogenously mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway, involving higher Bax/Bcl-2 expressions with the activation of caspase-9 and -3, and arrest the cell cycle in G1 phases. Strikingly, this synergistic effect was also closely related to the co-suppression of ERK and AKT signaling pathways. Furthermore, compound 3 significantly enhanced the suppression of SF on tumor growth in the HepG2 xenograft model, with a 79.3% inhibition ratio at high concentration, without systemic toxicity, compared to either agent alone. These results demonstrate that the combination treatment of flavonoid 3 and SF at low doses exert synergistic anticancer effects on HCC cells in vitro and in vivo.     

针刺治疗脑梗塞失语症疗效观察

目的:观察西医治疗脑梗塞失语症加用针刺的疗效。方法:采用完全随机抽样法分为针刺组49例,对照组45例。针刺组在西医治疗的同时,应用头针、舌三针和体针进行综合治疗;对照组单纯接受西医药物治疗。结果:针刺组有效率为91.84％,对照组有效率为62.22％。两组疗效差异具有非常显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:西医加针刺效果明显优于单纯西医治疗。     

针灸治疗儿童功能性构音障碍临床疗效及对智力结构的影响

目的探究针灸治疗儿童功能性构音障碍的临床疗效及对智力结构的影响。方法选取2018年1月-2019年1月于我院康复科接受诊治的功能性构音障碍患儿80例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各40例。对照组予语言训练,观察组在对照组的基础上予针灸疗法,2个月为1个疗程,治疗结束后比较临床疗效及构音结构变化。结果声母构音的错误模式主要包括置换、省略、扭曲等3种,其中以置换居多,其次为省略,扭曲较少,l、ch、t、c、zh等音的错误率均超过了70%,治疗结束后各声母构音错误率均较前下降,l、ch、t、c、zh、d、p等音的错误率处于10%~20%,其余均在10%以下,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组患儿声母构音的错误模式与观察组一致,治疗结束后各声母构音错误率均较前下降,但治疗后错误率高于观察组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗结束后观察组治疗结束后总有效率为87.5%,对照组为70%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗结束后,观察组患儿的总智商、操作智商均高于治疗前和对照组,而言语智商无明显变化。结论针灸治疗可提高FAD的临床治疗有效率,提高操作智商,促进FAD患儿智力结构平衡发展。     

Antimicrobial activity of Argentine plants used in the treatment of infectious diseases. Isolation of active compounds from Sebastiania brasiliensis

Different extracts of Sebastiania brasiliensis, Sebastiania klotszchiana, Polygonum punctatum, Lithraea molleoides and Myrcianthes cisplatensis, all plants growing in Entre Ríos Province and traditionally used as antiseptics, were tested against a set of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and fungi. All the species, with the exception of M. cisplatensis, presented activity against some of the microorganisms tested. A 50% hydroalcoholic extract of S. brasiliensis was selected for bioguided fractionation. Two antimicrobial compounds identified as methylgallate (MIC 128 microg/ml) and protocatechuic acid (MIC 128 microg/ml) were isolated apart from quercetin, kaempferol, quercitrin and gallic acid.     

中西药治疗方案对小儿病毒性肺炎297例合并用药率比较研究

目的观察比较中药、西药不同方案治疗小儿病毒性肺炎的合并用药率。方法采用多中心、大样本、随机对照临床研究方法,观察试验组和对照组合并用药率。结果试验组148例中合并用药39例(26.35%),对照组149例合并用药57例(38.25%),试验组合并用药率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论中药方案治疗小儿病毒性肺炎与西药治疗相比,可以显著降低合并用药率,值得在临床推广应用。     

Pulmonary toxicity in patients treated with gemcitabine plus vinorelbine or docetaxel for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: outcome data on a randomized phase II study

Studies with the gemcitabine/vinorelbine (GV) or the gemcitabine/docetaxel (GD) combinations have shown similar efficacy and less toxicity compared to platinum-based chemotherapies, in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The present trial was designed to test the efficacy and safety of both, GV and GD, combinations. Chemotherapy-na?ve patients (n=39)or=60% and adequate hematological, renal and hepatic function were randomly assigned to receive G 1,000 mg/m2+either V 25 mg/m2 or D 35 mg/m2 (all of which were administered i.v.) on days 1 and 8 every 21 days. Baseline characteristics were comparable in GV (n=20) and GD (n=19) groups. Results indicated objective response of 7 (35%) vs 6 (31%) patients and median time-to-treatment failure of 120 versus 90 days in the GV and GD arms, respectively. The most common non-hematological toxicities were (GV vs GD): grade 2-4 pulmonary toxicity in 1 (5%) vs 7 (37%); grade 2-3 diarrhea 0 versus 4 (21%) and edema 1 (5%) vs 3 (16%); grade 3-4 hematological toxicities occurred in 3 (15%) vs 1 (5%) patients. Our results indicate that the combination of gemcitabine/docetaxel does not have a favorable safety profile with this schedule of administration, particularly in terms of pulmonary toxicity.     

生理环境中NiTi记忆合金腐蚀释放Ni离子的研究

目的研究pH值、Cl-浓度对医用NiTi形状记忆合金在不同模拟生理环境中的Ni2 腐蚀释放动力学过程的影响,同时对NiTi形状记忆合金Ni2 腐蚀释放机理进行分析探讨。方法在0.9%NaCl生理盐水、Hank’s模拟体液、Tyrode’s模拟血液三种模拟生理液中,pH值分别为2、5、8和10,恒温(37±1)℃下,进行静态挂片腐蚀试验,然后用最小二乘原理拟合试验曲线。结果Ni Ti形状记忆合金在Tyrode’s模拟血液中的Ni离子释放量最大,Hank’s模拟体液中次之,0.9%NaCl生理盐水中较低,Ni离子释放在前7天内呈现较快速度,之后趋于平缓;且Ni离子释放量随pH和Cl-的增大而增加。结论在Cl-浓度为正常条件0.14mol/L下,当体液在2≤pH≤10范围内波动时,NiTi记忆合金中Ni2 的腐蚀释放量在约3年内达不到Ni致敏的最低极限量,孔蚀是NiTi形状记忆合金在生理环境中主要的腐蚀机理。     

成釉细胞蛋白基因多态性与氟斑牙关系的研究

目的观察成釉细胞蛋白(AMBN)基因多态性在重庆市燃煤型氟中毒人群中的分布，探讨AMBN基因多态性与氟斑牙的关系。方法采用病例对照研究，在重庆市巫山、奉节县2个燃煤型氟中毒病区抽取8~12岁氟斑牙患病儿童100例、成人30例作为病例组;分别抽取非氟斑牙患病8~12岁儿童100例、成人30例作为内对照组，另在渝北区(非病区)抽取50名儿童、30名成人作为外对照组。采集所有研究对象外周静脉血，提取DNA，采用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法测定3组人群AMBN基因7号外显子(538_{_} 540de1GGA),10号外显子(657A > G)和13号外显子(986C>T)位点基因型，观察并分析比较组间各基因型分布差异。结果病例及内、外对照组GGA/GGA基因频率分别为61.2%(74/121),78.5%(102/130)和74.3%(52/70 ), GGA/-基因频率分别为24.0% ( 29/121),15.4% ( 20/130)和22.9% (16/70 )，-/--(GGA完全缺失)基因频率分别为14.8%(18/121),6.1%(8/130)和2.8% ( 2/70 )，各组间的差异有统计学意义( x²=14.353, P=0.006 );病例及内、外对照组AA基因频率分别为86.8%(105/121),93.1%(121/130)和91.4% ( 64/70 ), AG基因频率分别为13.2%(16/121),6.9%(9/130)和8.6% ( 6/70 )，各组间差异无统计学意义(x²=2.972,P>0.05);病例及内、外对照组CC基因频率分别为81.0% ( 98/121),90.0% (117/130)和87.1%(61/70);CT基因频率分别为19.0% ( 23/121),10.0% (13/130)和12.9% ( 9/70)，各组间差异无统计学意义(x²=4.319,P>0.05)。与两对照组相比，病例组的GGA/GGA基因型频率降低(x²值分别为8.957,3.405,P值均<0.05 ), GGA完全缺失基因型频率增高(才值分别为5.134,6.833,P值均<0.05。单因素分析显示，携带一基因型的个体发生氟中毒的风险增高(病例组与内、外对照组比较，OR值分别为2.7, 5.9, P值均<0.05 )。与内对照组比较，病例组CT基因型频率增高(x²=4.139,P<0.05)。病区携带CT基因型的个体发生氟中毒的风险增高(OR=2.1,P< 0.05 )。结论AMBN基因7号外显子538_{_}540de1GGA和13号外显子986C>T位点多态性可能是影响氟斑牙发病的易感性因素之一。     

404例梅毒患者发病情况分析

目的回顾性分析2010~2015年404例梅毒患者的发病特点,以探讨近年来梅毒发病率居高不下的相关原因。方法将404例梅毒患者按发病年度、发病年龄及临床分期进行分类,探讨其临床表现及特征,总结各期诊断和治疗上的薄弱环节。结果整体发病比率呈逐年上升趋势,除Ⅰ期梅毒为男女,Ⅱ期梅毒和潜伏梅毒均男女,总发病情况男女比例为1∶1.04。患病年龄:性活跃人群288例,占71.29%,60岁以上老年人107例,占26.49%。传播途径及职业:非婚性接触传染仍为主要传播途径,通过男男性行为感染的传播方式也不容忽视;职业分布以农牧民及无业人员为主,占73.51%。教育程度:梅毒患者的受教育程度普遍较低,可能与普遍缺乏对健康知识的了解和性传播疾病的认识有关。结论通过对本地区404例梅毒的发病情况分析,其传播途径以非婚性接触为主;需要加强对老年人性传播疾病的防控,且防控工作重点应向农村牧区转移。