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71.
Benedetto Falsini MD Angelo Minnella Luca Buzzonetti Erasmo Merendino Vittorio Porciatti 《Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology》1992,79(2):99-108
Steady-state macular (9° × 9°) electroretinograms in response to either sinusoidal flicker (focal electroretinogram) or counterphased sinusoidal gratings (pattern electroretinogram) were recorded in 14 patients with inner lamellar macular holes, in 4 patients with full-thickness macular holes and in 14 age-matched controls. Fourier analysis of focal and pattern electroretinograms yielded three main components: a first and a second harmonic to flicker, and a second harmonic to pattern. Recent evidence indicates that the first harmonic to flicker is of receptoral origin, whereas the flicker and pattern second harmonics represent, at least in part, the activity of different generators in the inner retina. When compared to controls, patients with inner lamellar holes showed significant amplitude reduction and phase delay for both flicker and pattern second harmonics, but not for the flicker first harmonic. Patients with full-thickness holes showed significant amplitude reduction also for the flicker first harmonic. These results indicate a prevalent functional involvement of the inner retina in lamellar macular holes, which can be clinically detected by evaluating focal and pattern electroretinogram second harmonics.Abbreviations ILH
inner lamellar hole
- OLH
outer lamellar hole 相似文献
72.
Background:
Patellar dislocations are either due to superolateral contracture of the soft tissue or imbalance of the power between the vastus medialis (VM) and the vastus lateralis (VL). The imbalance of muscle power as an etiology of patellar dislocation has not been studied. Hence, we studied the recurrent, habitual and permanent dislocations of the patella with an electromyogram (EMG) of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and pes anserinus, before and after realignment operations, to document the muscle imbalance and effectiveness of the realignment operation.Materials and Methods:
An electromyographic investigation was carried out on the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis in nine recurrent, 20 habitual, and 13 permanent dislocations of the patella, before and after their realignment operations. Pes anserinus transposition, which acted as a medial stabilizer of the patella, was also investigated with an EMG study, to understand its role on patellar stability at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and full flexion of the knee. The age of the patients varied from nine to 30 (mean 15) years. There were 24 males and 18 females. Twenty-six patellar dislocations were on the right and 16 were on the left side.Results:
Electromyographic pictures reveal subnormal activity of the vastus medialis in all types of dislocations and similar activities of the vastus lateralis in permanent and habitual dislocations recorded pre operatively, which recovered to almost normal values postoperatively, at the mean one-year follow-up. Pes anserinus, which was used for medial stabilization of the patella after its realignment, maintained normal EMG activity before and after the operation.Conclusion:
This study is significant for understanding the imbalance of muscle activities in patients with an unstable patella, which can be rectified without recurrence after pes anserinus transposition. 相似文献73.
74.
Frans van Workum Laura Fransen Misha DP Luyer Camiel Rosman 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2018,24(44):4974-4978
Surgical innovation and pioneering are important for improving patient outcome, but can be associated with learning curves. Although learning curves in surgery are a recognized problem, the impact of surgical learning curves is increasing, due to increasing complexity of innovative surgical procedures, the rapid rate at which new interventions are implemented and a decrease in relative effectiveness of new interventions compared to old interventions. For minimally invasive esophagectomy(MIE), there is now robust evidence that implementation can lead to significant learning associated morbidity(morbidity during a learning curve, that could have been avoided if patients were operated by surgeons that have completed the learning curve). This article provides an overview of the evidence of the impact of learning curves after implementation of MIE. In addition, caveats for implementation and available evidence regarding factors that are important for safe implementation and safe pioneering of MIE are discussed. 相似文献
75.
Gordon C Wishart Elizabeth M Azzato David C Greenberg Jem Rashbass Olive Kearins Gill Lawrence Carlos Caldas Paul DP Pharoah 《Breast cancer research : BCR》2010,12(1):R1
Introduction
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a prognostication model to predict overall and breast cancer specific survival for women treated for early breast cancer in the UK. 相似文献76.
77.
Teus J Weijs Jelle P Ruurda Grard AP Nieuwenhuijzen Richard van Hillegersberg Misha DP Luyer 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2013,19(39):6509-6514
Esophagectomy,the surgical removal of all or part of the esophagus,is a surgical procedure that is associated with high morbidity and mortality.Pulmonary complications are an especially important postoperative problem.Therefore,many perioperative strategies to prevent pulmonary complications after esophagectomy have been investigated and introduced in daily clinical practice.Here,we review these strategies,including improvement of patient performance and technical advances such as minimally invasive surgery that have been implemented in recent years.Furthermore,interventions such as methylprednisolone,neutrophil elastase inhibitor and epidural analgesia,which have been shown to reduce pulmonary complications,are discussed.Benefits of the commonly applied routine nasogastric decompression,delay of oral intake and prophylactic mechanical ventilation are unclear,and many of these strategies are also evaluated here.Finally,we will discuss recent insights and new developments aimed to improve pulmonary outcomes after esophagectomy. 相似文献
78.
Lupattelli T Garaci FG Basile A Casini A Dalainas I Minnella DP Iezzi R 《Emergency radiology》2008,15(6):375-382
Type B aortic dissection is an uncommon yet potentially catastrophic clinical event that mandates prompt recognition and expeditious
treatment. Patient survival depends on early and accurate diagnosis and prompt medical or surgical treatment. Unfortunately,
when type B aortic dissection is associated with end-organ ischemia, medical treatment may not prove beneficial, with patients
addressed to surgery; recently, either percutaneous fenestration or primary endovascular aortic repair has been proposed as
a valuable alternative to surgery in this scenario. Although the ideal endograft has not emerged and improvement in the long-term
behavior of the devices is required, endograft placement is becoming the first choice in patients with complicated type B
aortic dissection requiring emergency treatment. 相似文献
79.
目的 用重组日本血吸虫22kD表膜蛋白(rSj22)免疫水牛,检测特异性IgG抗体的应答水平,并观察抗血吸虫的保护效果。方法 用抗原(rSj22)加佐剂(Quil-A)肌肉注射免疫水牛,以1000条日本血吸虫尾蚴攻击感染,感染后55d剖杀,计算减虫和减卵率,用免疫印斑和ELISA方法测定抗体反应。结果 免疫组每头牛血清均能特异地识别Quil-A对照组相比,减虫率仅8.5%肝卵EPG减少12.3%,粪卵EPG减少26.8%,但均无统计学意义,结论 用rSj22kD抗原免疫水牛诱导的特异性IgG抗体不能发挥免疫保护作用。 相似文献
80.