HLA—DR两种分型方法的比较

目的 探讨肾移植供受体HLA-DR血清学分型与PCR-SSP基因分型方法的优缺点。方法 对已作HLA-DR血清学分型的供受体标本,进行PCR-SSP基因分型法作HLA-DR抗原分型;并对4例血清学分型为HLA-DR一个位点,而PCR-SSP为两个位点的受者,重新抽血作HLA-DR血清学业分型。结果 血清学法耗时80min,PCR-SSP法耗时145min;血清学方法误差率（不包括重新血清学分型的例数）为11.3%(受者14.7%,供者8.0%).重新作血清学分型的4例中,有1例结果为两个们点,与PCR-SSP结果一致,其余与原结果相同.结论 改进的血清学方法暂时还适合我国尸体供肾快速配型的需要.PCR-SSP法分型具有准确、简便、快速的优点,随着其方法学的不断发展将逐步取代血清学方法在HLA-DR分型中的应用。     

环氧化酶-2及血管内皮生长因子在宫颈癌及其癌前病变中的表达

目的探讨环氧化酶-2(cyclooxygenenase-2,COX-2)的表达与宫颈癌发生的关系以及COX-2与血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)表达的关系。方法采用免疫组化(S-P)法检测20例正常宫颈、26例低度宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN;CINⅠ)、28例高度CIN(CINⅡ/Ⅲ)、25例宫颈癌组织中COX-2、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)的表达,并分析COX-2与VEGF及高危HPV感染的关系。结果在正常宫颈、低度CIN、高度CIN、宫颈癌中COX-2的表达率分别为0、23.08%、57.14%、84%,VEGF的表达率分别为5%、30.77%、60.71%、88%,两者均随着病变的加重表达率明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。COX-2表达与VEGF呈显著正相关(P=0.001)。人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)在低度CIN、高度CIN及宫颈癌的感染率分别为30.77%、71.43%、100%,在宫颈...     

主灶切开支管剥离缝合治疗蹄铁型肛瘘82例疗效观察

为探讨蹄铁型肛瘘的治疗方法,采用主灶切开、支管剥离缝合治疗蹄铁型肛瘘82例。结果显示,82例全部治愈,术后无肛门失禁,随访2年无复发。结果表明,主灶切开、支管剥离缝合治疗蹄铁型肛瘘,对瘘管进行充分剥离,术中对肛门括约肌分层缝合,达到了治疗目的,保证了肛门括约肌的完整性,防止了肛门失禁,提高了疗效。     

12例凶险性前置胎盘术中出血情况的临床分析

目的探讨瘢痕子宫伴前置胎盘(凶险性前置胎盘)再次剖宫产患者术中大出血的发生原因以及预防措施。方法收集分析2009年9月～2011年11月某院行单胎再次剖宫产155例患者的临床资料,其中伴前置胎盘者12例(观察组),瘢痕子宫不伴前置胎盘143例(对照组)。瘢痕子宫伴前置胎盘者12例术中出血原因进行归纳总结分析。结果瘢痕子宫伴前置胎盘组合并中央性前置胎盘,胎盘植入、先兆子宫破裂均高于瘢痕子宫不伴前置胎盘组。5例瘢痕子宫伴前置胎盘剖宫产术中大出血均为胎盘植入,且5例均为中央性前置胎盘,4例是前壁胎盘合并先兆子宫破裂。结论前壁中央性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入是瘢痕子宫伴前置胎盘剖宫产术中大出血主要原因。术前做好相应预防措施,必要时做好子宫动脉栓塞准备,尽可能保留子宫,对妊娠结局非常重要。     

周期联合甲氨蝶呤 环磷酰胺对类风湿关节炎患者外周血淋巴细胞周期及凋亡的影响

目的探讨甲氨蝶呤(MTX)和环磷酰胺(CTX)及两者联合治疗对类风湿关节炎(RA)患者外周血淋巴细胞(PBL)周期及凋亡的影响。方法入选活动期RA患者30例,随机分为3组(MTX组、CTX组及MTX+CTX联合组),应用流式细胞术检测MTX、CTX及联合治疗前后PBL周期及凋亡的变化,同时对10名健康志愿者PBL的周期及凋亡情况进行检测。结果活动期RA患者基线PBL各期细胞比例与正常人相比,G0/G1期细胞比例低于正常对照组,S期细胞比例高于正常对照组,差异均有统计学意义;基线早期凋亡率与正常人相比差异无统计学意义。MTX组患者用药后较用药前G0/G1期细胞比例增加,S期细胞比例减少,PBL早期凋亡率明显增加,差异均有统计学意义。CTX组患者用药前后PBL各期细胞比例差异无统计学意义;用药后较用药前PBL早期凋亡率明显增加,差异有统计学意义。MTX+CTX联合组用药后较用药前PBLG0/G1期细胞比例增加,S期细胞比例减少,早期凋亡率较MTX组、CTX组明显增加,差异均有统计学意义。MTX组及MTX+CTX联合组用药前后外周血淋巴细胞G0/G1期细胞比例变化与早期凋亡率变化之间呈显著正相关。结论MTX+CTX联合治疗能更加有效地诱导阻滞于G0/G1期的PBL发生凋亡。     

类风湿关节炎与银屑病关节炎患者血清抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体水平及临床意义探讨

目的检测血清抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(抗CCP抗体)在类风湿关节炎(RA)与银屑病关节炎(PsA)中的阳性率,探讨抗CCP抗体与RA、PsA疾病活动指标、骨侵蚀的关系。方法收集RA110例,PsA48例,41名健康对照者,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)定量检测血清抗CCP抗体浓度,并分析RA、PsA患者血清抗CCP抗体水平与肿胀关节数(SJC)、压痛关节数(TJC)、疾病活动指数(DAS)及骨侵蚀之间的关系。结果血清抗CCP抗体在RA阳性率为82%(90/110),在PsA阳性率为15%(7/48),正常对照组均为阴性。RA抗CCP抗体阳性率与PsA、正常对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),PsA与正常对照组抗CCP抗体阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抗CCP抗体阳性RA患者SJC、TJC及DAS28评分均高于阴性患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抗CCP抗体阳性PsA患者SJC及TJC高于阴性患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),7例抗CCP抗体阳性的PsA患者均表现为对称性多关节炎。RA及PsA抗CCP抗体阳性和阴性患者之间骨侵蚀的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在RA,抗CCP抗体与疾病活动度相关。抗CCP抗体可出现在PsA患者血清中,抗CCP抗体阳性的PsA患者多表现为对称性多关节炎,且与SJC、TJC有关。     

内窥镜下甲状腺手术并发症的预防

目的:探讨内窥镜下甲状腺手术并发症的预防方法。方法:72例患者中,32例为经腋入路内镜下完成甲状腺单叶良性病灶手术治疗,40例经胸前壁入路内镜下完成甲状腺双叶良性病灶手术治疗。结果:72例患者均在镜下完成甲状腺手术。平均手术时间125min,术中出血平均55ml,未出现手术并发症。结论:内窥镜下甲状腺手术是微创的一种新方法,具有美容的特点,同时安全可靠,疗效确切。     

Remission of Cushing's syndrome during pregnancy

We present the first report of pregnancy with Cushing's syndrome due to an adrenal cortical adenoma, in which the hypercortisolemia disappeared during the third trimester of pregnancy, but recurred following the delivery of a normal male infant at 38 weeks by Cesarean section. The case is also unique because plasma ACTH levels were elevated during gestation and postpartum. Also, urinary estriol excretion was very low during the third trimester of pregnancy. The relationship of Cushing's syndrome and pregnancy are reviewed. This study points up some of the limitations of the routinely used dynamic tests of pituitary-adrenal function in Cushing's syndrome, and emphasizes the importance of various radiologic procedures in evaluation of patients with Cushing's syndrome.     

Intensive care unit outcome of vehicle-related injury in elderly trauma patients

Vehicle-related trauma is a common mechanism of injury in elderly (age > or = 65 years) trauma patients. Several hospital-based studies have shown that patients with pedestrian injury have a higher mortality compared with those with motor vehicle collision (MVC) injury partially because of older patients found in the former group. In addition the injury patterns also differ significantly between these two mechanisms of vehicle-related trauma. The purpose of the present study is to compare the demographics, injury severity, injury patterns, and outcomes of elderly patients with pedestrian injury admitted to a surgical intensive care unit (SICU) of a Level I trauma center between January 1, 1994 and December 31, 2000 with those admitted with MVC injury. During the study period there were 187 elderly patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit with vehicle-related injury. Fifty-one per cent of the patients had MVC injury. Patients were divided into two groups based on their mechanisms of injury (pedestrian vs MVC) for comparison. There was no difference in the mean age and gender between the two groups. Injury Severity Score, admission Simplified Acute Physiology Score, and mortality were significantly higher in the pedestrian group compared with the MVC group. Using logistic regression analysis three factors were found to be independently predictive of mortality: Simplified Acute Physiology Score, intracranial hemorrhage with mass effect on CT scan, and cardiac complications.