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11.
Catharina C. Grant Ph.D. Margaretha Viljoen Ph.D. Ph.D. D.C. Janse van Rensburg M.B.Ch.B M.Med M.Sc. Paola S. Wood D.Phil. 《Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology》2012,17(3):219-229
Background: The effect of exercise interventions on autonomic nervous system (ANS) control of the heart by heart rate variability (HRV) is often investigated in just one position. It was hypothesized that results of exercise‐induced changes on ANS are dependent on body position and that it is possible to distinguish between exercise induced changes in vagal and sympathetic influence by taking measurements in different body positions. Methods: One hundred eighty‐three (male = 100, female = 83) healthy volunteers, between 18 and 22 years, participated in a prospective twelve week medium to high intensity exercise intervention study with a self‐control design. The influence of the exercise intervention was investigated on supine, rising, and standing as well as on the orthostatic response. Time domain, frequency domain and nonlinear (Poincaré) HRV analysis were performed. Results: The exercise intervention lead to a significant increase (P < 0.05) in vagal influence during supine, rising, and standing. Sympathetic control in the supine position was decreased and increased during rising and standing. In the initial orthostatic response to rising from the supine position, the exercise intervention lead to increased (P < 0.05) vagal withdrawal as well as increased sympathetic control. The orthostatic response measured as the difference between standing and supine indicated only an exercise induced increase in sympathetic control. Conclusions: Exercise‐induced changes in sympathetic and parasympathetic ANS control differ, depending on posture and period of measurement. Exercise induced changes in parasympathetic and sympathetic outflow, respectively, can be extracted from measurements from supine, through the orthostatic response, to standing, thereby detecting changes in ANS that are otherwise obscured. 相似文献
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This article analyses how young people enrolled in drug addiction treatment in Copenhagen, Denmark, explain their cannabis careers and how they view their possibilities for quitting drug use again. Inspired by Mead and narrative studies of health and illness, the article identifies four different drug use ‘aetiologies’ drawn upon by the interviewees. These cover childhood experiences, self‐medication, the influence of friends and cannabis use as a specific lifestyle. A central argument of the article is that these explanations not only concern the past but also point towards the future by assigning the interviewee a more or less agential position in relation to drugs. Further, the drug narratives are viewed as interactional achievements, related to the social context in which they were produced, namely, the institutional setting of the treatment centres. The article is based on 30 qualitative interviews with young people in drug addiction treatment. 相似文献
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Isabel J. Skypala Joan Bartra Didier G. Ebo Margaretha Antje Faber Montserrat Fernández-Rivas Francisca Gomez Olga Luengo Stephen J. Till Riccardo Asero Domingo Barber Lorenzo Cecchi Araceli Diaz Perales Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber Elide Anna Pastorello Ines Swoboda Anastasios. P. Konstantinopoulos Ronald van Ree Enrico Scala European Academy of Allergy & Clinical Immunology Task Force: Non-specific Lipid Transfer Protein Allergy Across Europe 《Allergy》2021,76(8):2433-2446
Sensitization to one or more non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs), initially thought to exist mainly in southern Europe, is becoming accepted as a cause of allergic reactions to plant foods across Europe and beyond. The peach nsLTP allergen Pru p 3 is a dominant sensitizing allergen and peaches a common food trigger, although multiple foods can be involved. A frequent feature of reactions is the requirement for a cofactor (exercise, alcohol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Cannabis sativa) to be present for a food to elicit a reaction. The variability in the food and cofactor triggers makes it essential to include an allergy-focused diet and clinical history in the diagnostic workup. Testing on suspected food triggers should also establish whether sensitization to nsLTP is present, using purified or recombinant nsLTP allergens such as Pru p 3. The avoidance of known trigger foods and advice on cofactors is currently the main management for this condition. Studies on immunotherapy are promising, but it is unknown whether such treatments will be useful in populations where Pru p 3 is not the primary sensitizing allergen. Future research should focus on the mechanisms of cofactors, improving diagnostic accuracy and establishing the efficacy of immunotherapy. 相似文献
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Rasmussen LB Mikkelsen K Haugen M Pripp AH Fields JZ Førre ØT 《Clinical rheumatology》2012,31(5):821-827
Treatments offered at the Maharishi Ayurveda Health Centre in Norway are based on Maharishi Vedic Medicine (MVM). MVM is a
consciousness-based revival by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, the founder of the Transcendental Meditation (TM) program of the ancient
Ayurvedic medicine tradition in India. To extend from 6 to 24 months, a pilot study of the effects of the treatment program
at the Health Centre on fibromyalgia. Retesting 2 years after a clinical trial. In this intention to treat study, 31 women
with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia received an individually tailored program of (1) physiological purification therapy (Maharishi
Panchakarma) and (2) Ayurvedic recommendations regarding daily routine and diet including a novel approach to food intolerance.
Five subjects chose to learn TM for stress reduction, pain management and personal development. All were recommended Ayurvedic
herbal products for follow-up treatment. A modified Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) that included seven dimensions.
Scores at 24 months follow-up were compared with pre-treatment scores. At 24-months follow-up, there were significant reductions
(26% to 44%) in six of the seven fibromyalgia dimensions: impairment of working ability, pain, tiredness, morning tiredness,
stiffness and anxiety. The 7th, depression, decreased 32% (borderline significant). At 24 months, the four subjects who continued
practising TM, had almost no symptoms and significantly lower FIQ change scores (−92% to 97%) than the non-meditators on all
outcomes. This pilot study suggests that the treatments and health promotion programs offered at the Maharishi Ayurveda Health
Centre in Norway lead to long-term reductions in symptoms of fibromyalgia, which is considered a treatment-resistant condition,
and further studies are warranted. 相似文献