Enhanced Nitrate Ions Remediation Using Fe0 Nanoparticles from Underground Water: Synthesis,Characterizations, and Performance under Optimizing Conditions

The presence of nitrates in water in large amounts is one of the most dangerous health issues. The greatest risk posed by nitrates is hemoglobin oxidation, which results in Methemoglobin in the human body, resulting in Methemoglobinemia. There are many ways to eliminate nitrates from underground water. One of the most effective and selective methods is using zero-valent iron (ZVI) nanoparticles. ZVI nanoparticles can be easily synthesized by reducing ferric or ferrous ions using sodium borohydride. The prepared ZVI nanoparticles were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and zeta potential. We aim to eliminate or reduce the nitrates in water to be at the acceptable range, according to the world health organization (WHO), of 10.0 mg/L. Nitrate concentration in water after and before treatment is measured using the UV scanning method at 220 nm wavelength for the synthetic contaminated water and electrochemical method for the naturally contaminated water. The conditions were optimized for obtaining an efficient removing process. The removal efficiency reaches about 91% at the optimized conditions.     

CD146在聚乙二醇诱导的小鼠脉络膜新生血管模型中的表达及意义

目的：探讨在聚乙二醇（polyethylene glycol,PEG）诱导的小鼠脉络膜新生血管（choroidal neovascularization,CNV）模型中CD146的表达及意义。方法：将60只8周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠采用随机数字表法,将小鼠随机分为第5、10和15天组,每组各20只。设定每组小鼠左眼为正常对照眼,右眼为实验眼,采用在视网膜下注射PEG诱导形成脉络膜新生血管模型。造模后摘取各组小鼠眼球,制作视网膜组织切片及HE染色,鉴定CNV模型。通过比较各组视网膜HE染色切片外核层（outer nuclear layer,ONL）厚度,观察PEG的视网膜毒性作用。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测小鼠神经视网膜和RPE/脉络膜复合体中CD146、血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）、血管内皮生长因子受体2（vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2,VEGFR2）的mRNA水平变化。免疫组化染色法检测小鼠眼内CD146、VEGF和VEGFR2的表达。结果：HE染色和ONL层厚度比较均证实,视网膜下注射PEG造模成功且模型可靠,视网膜下注射后第5和10天均有CNV形成。实验组小鼠神经视网膜和脉络膜中CD146、VEGF、VEGFR2的mRNA表达水平与对照组相比明显升高,差异有统计学意义（F=30.412,P=0.000;F=84.974,P=0.000;F=117.423,P=0.000;F=918.786,P=0.000;F=319.110,P=0.000;F=113.896,P=0.000）。Person相关性分析提示在视网膜下注射PEG后,小鼠RPE/脉络膜复合体中CD146与VEGF和VEGFR2的表达量呈正相关（r=0.940,P=0.000;r=0.940,P=0.000;r=0.769,P=0.045;r=0.910,P=0.003;r=0.910,P=0.003;r=0.777,P=0.042）。免疫组化染色的结果显示,在造模第10天后,造模组与正常对照组相比较CD146、VEGFR2在神经节细胞层、内核层、外从状层、外核层的阳性表达均有不同程度增强（P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000）。结论：CD146伴随着CNV的形成表达上调,且与VEGF的表达量和VEGFR2的表达量呈正相关性,由此推断CD146可能在CNV形成的病理过程中起到至关重要的作用。     

In vivo studies on the effects of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists on pupil diameter and urethral tone in rabbits

α₁-Adrenoceptors mediate contraction of iris dilator smooth muscle and hence pupil dilatation. We compared the ability of i.v. bolus injections of alfuzosin, doxazosin, naftopidil, prazosin, tamsulosin and terazosin to antagonise phenylephrine-induced mydriasis relative to their potency for inhibiting phenylephrine-induced elevations of intraurethral pressure (IUP) in rabbits. Moreover, we compared the ability of these drugs to induce miosis in conscious rabbits in the absence of phenylephrine. All antagonists inhibited the effects of phenylephrine on pupil size and IUP, and the ratio of the respective ED₅₀ values was close to unity in all cases. The doses required to induce statistically significant miosis in the absence of phenylephrine were 30- to 100-fold higher than those inhibiting phenylephrine-induced mydriasis for all antagonists, except for naftopidil. Moreover, the miotic effects of all α₁-adrenoceptor antagonists were fully reversible within 8 h. We conclude that alfuzosin, doxazosin, naftopidil, prazosin, tamsulosin and terazosin inhibit phenylephrine-induced mydriasis in the same dose range as they inhibit elevations in IUP. Higher doses of all antagonists are required to induce miosis in the absence of an exogenous agonist, and such miosis is always reversible within hours.     

Combination anti-CD137 and anti-CD40 antibody therapy in murine myc-driven hematological cancers

In order to stimulate antigen presentation and T cell activity against cancer, we treated three different tumor models in mice with the monoclonal antibodies anti-CD40 plus anti-CD137 (BiMab). In a subcutaneous transplantable MC38 colon cancer model, there was significant enhancement in the survival of mice following BiMab treatment. Anti-CD40 has shown considerable success against lymphoma in previous studies by other investigators, and we also showed in this study that, in a model of Eμ-Myc lymphoma, there was a statistically significant enhancement of survival of mice following BiMab treatment. Following the success of the BiMab treatment in the previous two models, we wished to determine if it would be successful in a mouse model of multiple myeloma. Firstly, we tested a transplantable model of disease in which multiple myeloma cells derived from Vk*MYC mice were injected intravenously. A minor proportion of anti-CD137 and BiMab treated mice experienced prolongation of life beyond 250 days. Then we tested the therapy in a spontaneously occurring multiple myeloma model, in Vk*MYC transgenic mice. The majority of mice treated survived longer than control mice, although statistical significance was not demonstrated.     

自身免疫性胰腺炎13例临床诊治分析

目的：分析并总结我院收治的自身免疫性胰腺炎（ AIP）临床特征及诊治经验。方法回顾性分析2009年至2013年我院收治的13例AIP的临床资料。结果13例AIP中,中位年龄48岁,临床表现主要为上腹疼痛不适,梗阻性黄疸及体重下降。胰腺弥漫性增大及局限性增大各6例,胰体尾假性囊肿及胰腺结石各1例,胰管扩张4例。胰腺外器官受累9例（胆管病变8例、胆囊病变7例、腹膜后纤维化1例、腹腔淋巴结肿大6例、脾静脉变细4例、干燥综合征及溃疡性结肠炎各1例）。7例行血免疫标志物检查,IgG升高5例,类风湿因子（ RF）及抗核抗体（ ANA）升高各3例。8例被误诊而行手术治疗。经激素治疗后,患者预后良好。结论 AIP是一种少见的自身免疫性疾病,无特异临床表现,易与胰腺癌及胆管癌混淆,误诊率高。必须充分认识和重视AlP的诊治,避免因误诊而行不必要的手术治疗。     

先天性簇绒肠病EpCAM基因复合杂合突变（c.491+1G>A；c.352_353ins CACC）1例报告

患儿男,1月龄,因“反复腹泻20+ d,吐奶4 d”入院。患儿生后第8天开始出现反复顽固性腹泻,伴腹胀、呕吐、脱水、酸中毒、营养不良,家族中多例消化系统恶性肿瘤患者。基因检测发现人上皮黏附因子（epithelial cell adhesion molecule, EpCAM）基因复合杂合突变（c.491+1G>A;c.352_353ins CACC）,确诊为先天性簇绒肠病。予部分肠外营养支持,患儿腹泻好转,但加奶困难,奶量增加即腹胀、呕吐。住院后期出现反复发热,最终家属签字出院。出院后仍有腹泻、吐奶,出院4周患儿体质量下降约1 kg,最终死亡。     

血管内皮祖细胞靶向损伤血管内皮磁共振成像的实验研究

目的采用超顺磁性氧化铁（sPIO）作为磁共振示踪细胞的标记物,为血管内皮祖细胞移植防治血管内皮损伤性疾病提供实验依据。方法分离、鉴定并培养新西兰大白兔外周血血管内皮祖细胞（EPCs）,制备Fe2O3^-多聚左旋赖氨酸（PIJL）并体外标记EPCs。用2．5F球囊扩张兔右侧颈动脉,制作血管内膜损伤模型,进行EPCs局部移植。A组5只,移植Fe2O3-PLL标记的EPCs,B组5只,移植荧光标记的EPCs,C组5只为空白对照,局部注射生理盐水。细胞移植后7d,所有实验兔行MR颈动脉扫描,并取受损伤血管做病理组织学检查,并与MR信号变化进行对比分析。结果EPCs的Fe2O3^-PLL标记率〉95％,A组标记细胞移植后7d,MR扫描T2WI显示损伤血管壁明显低信号区,而B组和C组无明显异常信号改变;病理学检测显示A组损伤血管内膜有普鲁氏蓝染色阳性细胞黏附,B组损伤血管内皮有强荧光表达,C组损伤血管内皮无表达。结论利用1．5TMR仪进行活体成像技术,可示踪并检测磁粒子标记血管内皮祖细胞在损伤血管内皮的归巢、黏附及分布,为血管内皮祖细胞移植防治血管内皮损伤性疾病提供了实验依据。     

肌内效贴治疗对脑卒中后肩手综合征患者上肢静脉的影响

目的 观察肌内效贴治疗对脑卒中后肩手综合征(SHS)患者上肢静脉的影响.方法 选择脑卒中后并发SHS患者50例,随机分为观察组及对照组各25例.两组患者均采用常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上配合肌内效贴治疗.采用彩色多普勒超声检测两组治疗前后后肘正中静脉的血管内径、血管壁厚度及最大血流速度,并观察患肢静脉频谱图和血管二维声像图的变化.结果 治疗后,彩色多普勒超声检测可见患者血管走行恢复平直,静脉瓣活动柔软,随心动周期、呼吸周期变化可见不同程度的起伏.观察组静脉血管内径均较治疗前缩小,静脉回流速度提升(P<0.05),但对照组治疗前后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组比较,治疗后观察组静脉血管内径较小,静脉回流速度较快(P<0.05).结论 肌内效贴能明显增加上肢静脉血流量,加快局部血流的速度,促进静脉回流,从而缓解疼痛消除水肿,有利于患肢的神经营养和功能改善.     

The Effect of Dentifrice on Micro-Hardness,Surface Gloss,and Micro-Roughness of Nano Filled Conventional and Bulk-Fill Polymer Composite—A Micro Indentation and Profilometric Study

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of brushing with two whitening dentifrices (Colgate Optic White (COW) and Colgate Optic White Charcoal (COC)) on surface gloss, micro-roughness, and micro-hardness of nanostructured hybrid conventional (Z350) and bulk-fill (Tetric N Ceram bulk-fill) polymer composite. In total, 96 disk samples using two nano-hybrid composite polymers (Z350 and Tetric N Ceram Bulk-fill) were prepared. All specimens were exposed to two different dentifrices (COW and COC), resulting in four main subgroups in the study. Specimens were assessed for surface gloss, micro-roughness (Ra), and micro-hardness using standardized methodology. Means and standard deviations of properties compared using paired t-test, one-way and two-way ANOVA, and post hoc test. The presence of dentifrices did not show any significant difference in micro-hardness values of Z350 (p > 0.05), whereas micro-hardness of bulk-fill composite significantly reduced on dentifrices exposure (p ≤ 0.05). Bulk-fill polymer composite showed significant reduction in gloss after dentifrice exposure (p < 0.05), however, Z350 showed no significant loss of gloss due to dentifrices (p > 0.05). A significant increase in Ra was observed for both resin materials after exposure to dentifrices (COC and COW). Conventional resin composite (Z350) showed comparable surface hardness and gloss before and after dentifrice exposure, however, micro-roughness increased significantly due to dentifrice exposure. Bulk-fill resin (Tetric N Ceram) showed significant loss of micro-hardness and gloss and increase in micro-roughness on dentifrice exposure. Conventional nano-hybrid composite polymer showed better durability in resisting loss of surface properties compared to bulk-fill resin polymer in the present experiment.     

Dental arch changes after anterior open bite treatment in the mixed dentition produced by miniscrew-supported palatal crib vs conventional fixed palatal crib:: A randomized clinical trial

ObjectivesTo evaluate the dental arch changes produced by the miniscrew-supported palatal crib (MSPC) and the conventional fixed palatal crib (CFPC) after the treatment of patients with anterior open bite (AOB) attributed to the tongue-thrusting habit in the mixed dentition stage.Materials and MethodsA total of 26 children aged 8 to 11 years with an AOB were randomly distributed into two equal groups; the MSPC group was treated using a palatal crib supported by two miniscrews inserted paramedially, whereas the CFPC group was treated using a conventional fixed palatal crib soldered to bands. Digital models were obtained pretreatment and after a follow-up duration of 9 months.ResultsThe MSPC group included 12 participants (9 girls and 3 boys; mean age, 9.4 ± 0.75 years), and the CFPC group included 12 participants (10 girls and 2 boys; mean age, 9.0 ± 0.73 years). The amount of AOB closure was similar in both groups: 3.97 ± 1.44 mm in the MSPC group and 3.97 ± 0.89 mm in the CFPC group. There was significant mesial movement of the maxillary first molar in the CFPC (−1.42 ± 0.99 mm) compared with the MSPC group (−0.53 ± 0.32 mm).ConclusionsBoth appliances resulted in similar improvement in the amount of AOB closure. There was significantly more mesial movement of the maxillary first molars in the CFPC group compared with the MSPC group.