清胃消渴胶囊的鉴别研究

目的：建立清胃消渴胶囊的鉴别方法。方法：采用了理化鉴别和薄层色谱法鉴别。结果：两种方法可检出该制剂12味组成药材中的黄连、麦冬、枸杞子和组方中的多糖成分。结论：实验方法操作简便,重现性好,结果准确。     

Modulatory effects of adiponectin on the polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages

The plasticity of macrophages with selective functional phenotypes partially arises in respective to their microenvironment. Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) may promote disease progression with tumor specific manner. Here we report that in pediatric malignant soft‐tissue tumors, the presence of TAMs and expression of adiponectin (APN) are heterogeneous. Both APN and TAMs had high expression in rhabdomyosarcoma, especially in the malignant subtype, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. To investigate the mode of action of APN on TAM activation, a murine MN/MCA1 sarcoma model was used. The Results revealed that exogenous APN had no effect on MN/MCA1 proliferation but tumor size was markedly reduced in apn^?/? mice versus WT controls. The accumulation of TAMs in apn^?/? mice was also reduced which correlated to downregulated serum levels of MCP‐1. Likewise, TAMs in apn^?/? mice exhibited a M1‐like phenotype, characterized by increase in MHC II^high population and M1 phenotypic markers, such as iNOS gene and serum TNF‐α accompanied by a decrease in M2 markers, namely YM1 gene and serum IL‐10. In addition, APN deficiency increased the number of CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells and NK cells in tumors and reduced tumor metastasis. The altered phenotype of TAMs in apn^?/? mice was associated with a marked decrease in phospho‐p38 and treatment with a p38 MAPK inhibitor significantly reduced tumor size and increased MHC II expression on TAMs in WT mice, implying p38 MAPK signaling pathway may contribute to APN‐mediated TAM polarization. Collectively, our findings suggest that APN may have a potential role in regulating soft tissue sarcoma growth.     

Meta-analysis using individual patient data from randomised trials to assess the effectiveness of laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain: a proposed protocol

Background  Currently, there are a number of clinical trials, but no international collaboration for collating research on effectiveness of laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation (LUNA) for alleviating chronic pelvic pain.
Objective  Meta-analysis was used by collecting individual patient data (IPD) from the existing trials, to provide a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of LUNA that will be generalisable in various clinical contexts.
Methods  IPD will be sought and collected from all relevant (both already finished and continuing) randomised trials identified through previous systematic reviews. After obtaining raw data and cleaning the database, analysis will be of all patients ever randomised based on the intention-to-treat principle using endpoints measured at 12 months following randomisation.
Proposal  We will update searches, contact all authors, obtain data in whatever form it can be provided, build a single database, produce results for individual studies, have them verified by original authors, explore of any heterogeneity and reasons behind it and finally pool all raw data in to a meta-analysis using appropriate statistical methods. The project will test the effectiveness of LUNA for women with chronic pelvic pain. It will also motivate collaborating primary investigators to undertake new primary studies to corroborate or improve upon the conclusions derived from the retrospective analysis.     

Steffee钢板内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折

本文报告采用Steffee钢板内固定手术治疗胸腰椎骨折108例。术前平均椎体前、后高度分别是48.3%和75.6%,术后平均椎体前、后高度分别是86.8%和88.1%。术前Cobb’s角平均20.6°,术后平均6°。作者认为Steffee钢板系统结构简单,操作方便,固定坚固,但对有骨折块突人椎管内的爆裂型骨折,骨折块不能复位,椎体后高度恢复较差,建议对此类患者使用RF系统固定。     

EFFECTS OF ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE CONDITIONED MEDIA FROM INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE PATIENTS ON THE PROCOLLAGEN mRNA EXPRESSION I

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＡＬＶＥＯＬＡＲＭＡＣＲＯＰＨＡＧＥＣＯＮＤＩＴＩＯＮＥＤＭＥＤＩＡＦＲＯＭＩＮＴＥＲＳＴＩＴＩＡＬＬＵＮＧＤＩＳＥＡＳＥＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳ　ＯＮ　ＴＨＥＰＲＯＣＯＬＬＡＧＥＮｍＲＮＡＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＬＵＮＧＦＩＢＲ...     

Living well with kidney disease by patient and care-partner empowerment: Kidney health for everyone everywhere

Living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with hardships for patients and their care-partners. Empowering patients and their care-partners, including family members or friends involved in their care, may help minimize the burden and consequences of CKD related symptoms to enable life participation. There is a need to broaden the focus on living well with kidney disease and re-engagement in life, including an emphasis on patients being in control. The World Kidney Day (WKD) Joint Steering Committee has declared 2021 the year of “Living Well with Kidney Disease” in an effort to increase education and awareness on the important goal of patient empowerment and life participation. This calls for the development and implementation of validated patient-reported outcome measures to assess and address areas of life participation in routine care. It could be supported by regulatory agencies as a metric for quality care or to support labelling claims for medicines and devices. Funding agencies could establish targeted calls for research that address the priorities of patients. Patients with kidney disease and their care-partners should feel supported to live well through concerted efforts by kidney care communities including during pandemics. In the overall wellness programme for kidney disease patients, the need for prevention should be reiterated. Early detection with a prolonged course of wellness despite kidney disease, after effective secondary and tertiary prevention programmes, should be promoted. WKD 2021 continues to call for increased awareness of the importance of preventive measures throughout populations, professionals, and policy makers, applicable to both developed and developing countries.     

Factors controlling proliferation and progesterone production by bovine granulosa cells in serum-free medium

Bovine granulosa cells seeded in the presence of serum on extracellular matrix-coated dishes proliferate actively when exposed to serum-free medium supplemented with insulin (2 microgram/ml), fibroblast growth factor (FGF, 100 ng/ml), and high density lipoprotein (HDL, 30 microgram protein/ml). The final density of the cultures is 80-120% that of cultures grown in the presence of medium supplemented with optimal concentration (10%) of calf serum. Insulin has the greatest effect on cell proliferation when added alone to serum-free medium, since it induced an increase in cell number that was 35-60% that observed with optimal serum concentration. Somatomedin C can replace insulin when added alone. FGF, epidermal growth factor, or HDL had no significant effect on cell proliferation by themselves. When these factors were added together with insulin, they acted synergistically in stimulating cell proliferation. When cultures were seeded in the total absence of serum, the addition of transferrin (10 microgram/ml) to serum-free medium was required in order for insulin and FGF to be mitogenic. Cultures maintained on extracellular matrix and exposed to serum-free medium alone have a lifespan in culture of 4 generations. Addition of insulin, FGF, and HDL increases the lifespan of the cultures to 12 generations. Bovine granulosa cells, which proliferate in a defined medium, respond to dibutyryl cAMP by releasing progesterone into the medium. Addition of FSH to the defined medium resulted in a 30% decrease in cell proliferation and in a 2.1-fold increase in the amount of progesterone released into the medium in response to dibutyryl cAMP. This release of progesterone reached a level similar to that observed with cultures grown in medium supplemented with optimal concentration of serum and exposed or not to FSH during their growth phase and at confluence. These results demonstrate that bovine granulosa cells can actively proliferate in a serum-free medium and maintain their differentiated function, as indicated by their ability to produce progesterone.