基于信号处理的脑电相位同步性分析方法研究

脑电同步被认为是脑功能区域整合的表现.我们从脑电同步产生的生理机制出发,阐述了同步的检测过程及量化方法研究.从信号分析方法着手,系统研究了如何把时域分析、频域分析、希尔伯特变换等方法应用到脑电同步研究领域,重点提出了小波分析衡量信号同步程度的处理过程.应用仿真数据和真实数据分别证明了以上方法在脑电同步分析中的可行性和有效性,并比较了各个方法的特点.从最终的结果可以看到,通过希尔伯特变换进行的同步性量化,更能反映数据的真实性,更符合生物信号的特性.     

Mixed respiratory virus infections

Mixed respiratory viral infections are double negative common and evidence that they are associated with severe disease is supported by some groups. This controversial observation can be explained by the lack of sensitivity of the assessed methods used for viral identification and by the small number of patients included in the randomized cohorts studied. Most studies showed that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is identified in about 70% of hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis during seasonal winter epidemics, followed by human metapneumovirus (hMPV, about 3-19%) or rhinoviruses (about 20%). Other respiratory viruses have also been reported, indicating significant causes of bronchiolitis and hospitalization during seasonal epidemics. The presence of more than one pathogen, and moreover, the association of RSV with rhinoviruses and also RSV with hMPV, may influence the natural course of bronchiolitis. A better understanding of these various interactions would help future decision-making, such as the extent to which searches for co-pathogens should be conducted in severe bronchiolitis patients already infected by RSV.     

Seborrheic dermatitis flare in a Dutch male due to commensal Malassezia furfur overgrowth

This is a case of seborrheic dermatitis (SD) barbae from which Malassezia furfur (M. furfur) was isolated. The patient was a 57-year-old Dutch male, who was hospitalized for fever and weakness of extremities. He presented with symmetrical erythema with an abundance of greasy chaffy scales on his beard area. No reasons were detected for his fever following a routine search. M. furfur was identified through mycological examination, including direct microscopic examination, culture, Tween test, esculine splitting test and DNA sequencing, of samples from the skin lesions. The patient was treated with oral itraconazole capsules (200 mg, b.i.d. for 8 days, then 200 mg o.d. for 13 days), washing his scalp and face with 2% ketoconazole shampoo (once a day) and topical application of a cream containing 1% naftifine hydrochloride and 0.25% ketoconazole (b.i.d.). After treatment the fever subsided and the SD lesion gradually healed. M. furfur was not isolated again from skin scrapings and 7 days later therapy was terminated and no recurrence was noted after one week follow-up since the cessation of treatment.     

One in five mortality in non-menstrual toxic shock syndrome versus no mortality in menstrual cases in a balanced French series of 55 cases

Staphylococcus aureus superantigenic toxins are responsible for menstrual and non-menstrual toxic shock syndrome (TSS). We compared the clinical and biological characteristics of 21 cases of menstrual TSS (MTSS) with 34 cases of non-menstrual TSS (NMTSS) diagnosed in France from December 2003 to June 2006. All 55 S. aureus isolates had been spontaneously referred to the French National Staphylococcal Reference Center, where they were screened for superantigenic toxin gene sequences. Most of the patients had previously been in good health. The most striking differences between MTSS and NMTSS were the higher frequency in NMTSS of neurological disorders (p=0.028), of S. aureus isolation by blood culture (50% versus 0% in MTSS), and the higher mortality rate in NMTSS (22% versus 0% in MTSS). The tst and sea genes were less frequent in isolates causing NMTSS than in those causing MTSS (p<0.001 and 0.051, respectively). Higher mortality was significantly associated with the presence of the sed gene (p=0.041), but when considering NMTSS survivors and non-survivors, no clinical or bacteriological factors predictive of vital outcome were identified. Specific antitoxinic therapy was rarely prescribed, and never in fatal cases. Higher mortality was observed in NMTSS than in MTSS, and no definite factors could explain the higher severity of NMTSS. NMTSS would require more aggressive therapy, comprising systematic rapid wound debridement, antistaphylococcal agents, including an antitoxin antibiotics, and intravenous immunoglobulin. Financial support: none. Potential conflicts of interest for all authors: no conflicts.     

Molecular pathology quality control in Southeast Asia: Results of a multiregional quality assurance study from MASTER KEY Asia

Tissue specimen quality assurance is a major issue of precision medicine for rare cancers. However, the laboratory standards and quality of pathological specimens prepared in Asian hospitals remain unknown. To understand the methods in Southeast Asian oncology hospitals and to clarify how pre-analytics affect the quality of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens, a questionnaire surveying pre-analytical procedures (Part I) was administered, quality assessment of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and DNA/RNA extracted from the representative FFPE specimens from each hospital (Part II) was conducted, and the quality of DNA/RNA extracted from FFPE of rare-cancer patients for genomic sequencing (Part III) was examined. Quality measurements for DNA/RNA included ΔΔCt, DV200, and cDNA yield. Six major cancer hospitals from Malaysia, Philippines, and Vietnam participated. One hospital showed unacceptable quality for the DNA/RNA assessment, but improved by revising laboratory procedures. Only 57% (n = 73) of the 128 rare-cancer patients' specimens met both DNA and RNA quality criteria for next-generation sequencing. Median DV200 was 80.7% and 64.3% for qualified and failed RNA, respectively. Median ΔΔCt was 1.25 for qualified and 4.89 for failed DNA. Longer storage period was significantly associated with poor DNA (fail to qualify ratio = 1579:321 days, p < 0.001) and RNA (fail to qualify ratio = 1070:280 days, p < 0.001). After improvement of pre-analytical factors, the qualification rate increased for hospitals A and E from 41.5% to 70.5% and 62.5% to 86%, respectively. This is the first report to elucidate the pre-analytical laboratory procedures of main Southeast Asian oncology hospitals. An external quality assessment program may improve factors associated with tumor FFPE specimen quality.     

A Review of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS): Applications to the Diagnosis of Ocular Infectious Diseases

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To review the value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in identifying the pathogens which cause ocular infections, thereby facilitating prompt initiation of treatment with an optimal anti-microbial regimen. Both contemporary and futuristic approaches to identifying pathogens in ocular infections are covered in this brief overview.

Methods: Review of the peer reviewed literature on conventional and advanced methods as applied to the diagnosis of infectious diseases of the eye.

Conclusion: NGS is a novel technology for identifying the pathogens responsible for ocular infections with the potential to improve the accuracy and speed of diagnosis and hastening the selection of the best therapy.     

基于Focusky软件的微课制作——以中职内科护理学案例分析为例

随着信息和通信技术的快速发展,课堂教学与信息技术深度融合,使得微课具有十分广阔的应用前景。教师在制作微课时,常采用演示软件录屏方式,但这种形式无法激发学生学习兴趣。本文以中职内科护理学案例分析为例,介绍一款思维可视化软件,其转场效果丰富,镜头语言生动,利用该软件制作的微课知识逻辑层次更加清晰,有利于提高护理专业课程教学效果。同时,软件中可供选择的在线模板、Flash动画和大量富媒体素材,极大地激发了学生观看微课的兴趣,教学效果较好。     

普陀区某社区糖尿病眼病远程筛查及转诊结果分析

目的:通过对普陀区某社区糖尿病眼病筛查及转诊结果分析,为本地糖尿病眼病综合防治策略的制定提供依据.方法:2015年,根据普陀区“疾病控制信息管理平台一糖尿病管理模块”和“社区糖尿病小屋”管理确诊的DM患者信息库,通过整群抽样的方法,最终选取了长征和桃浦两个社区的3 575例确诊DM患者作为研究对象;通过筛查—远程诊断—分级转诊—治疗—社区随访—健康管理的模式为他们提供一系列健康服务.结果:13.06％患者为糖尿病视网膜病变(DR).糖尿病(DM)总人群视力＜0.3的589眼(8.23％);DR患眼中视力＜0.3者为17.49％,视力明显低于未患DR的糖尿病患者(x2=11.29,P＜0.05);需转诊者699例,占19.55％;转诊率46.92％.结论:开展社区糖尿病患者眼病筛查可有效降低DM患者糖尿病视网膜病变视力损伤率,提高糖尿病患者眼健康意识.