云南省双江县布朗族头面部器官微机测量研究

目的 对云南省双江县邦丙乡布朗族头面部器官进行全面系统地测量研究。方法 采用自行研制的头面部摄相—计算机测量系统，对正常布朗族成人155人进行了头面部器官全面系统的测量，其中男性96人，女性59人。结果 得出了布朗族成年男女两性头面部器官41个项目测量值和17个头面部指数资料。结论 该研究委仅对临床医学和美学研究有重要意义，而且对人类学、民族学和工业等相关学科也有重要的参考价值。     

IL—1,IL—6,TNF对人TMJ滑膜细胞蛋白合成的影响

目的：研究人ＴＭＪ滑膜细胞（ＳＭＣ）蛋白质合成能力，与其它组织细胞的差异，及细胞因子对这方面的影响。方法：采用体外培养的ＳＭＣ、ＴＧＣ、ＮＭＣ３种细胞及无血清培养液，应用紫外分光光度仪在２８０ｎｍ波长处，对培养上清中的蛋白含量进行测定，并与加用ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－６、ＴＮＦ后蛋白质合成的量进行对比观察。结果：正常状态下，ＴＧＣ蛋白合成量最高，ＯＤ值达０．１４，而ＳＭＣ最低，为０．０７９。在加用细胞因子作用４８ｈ后，ＳＭＣ蛋白含量达到０．１１７，提高３０％，而ＴＧＣ、ＮＭＣ却下降１０％～３０％。结论：正常状态下ＳＭＣ合成蛋白质成份较其它细胞少，而细胞因子可刺激ＳＭＣ蛋白质合成增加，这些蛋白成份中可能具有影响关节炎症的物质。     

Age,period, and cohort analysis of regular dental care behavior and edentulism: A marginal approach

Background

Microbial communities inhabiting human mouth are associated with oral health and disease. Previous studies have indicated the general prevalence of adult gingivitis in China to be high. The aim of this study was to characterize in depth the oral microbiota of Chinese adults with or without gingivitis, by defining the microbial phylogenetic diversity and community-structure using highly paralleled pyrosequencing.

Methods

Six non-smoking Chinese, three with and three without gingivitis (age range 21-39 years, 4 females and 2 males) were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study. Gingival parameters of inflammation and bleeding on probing were characterized by a clinician using the Mazza Gingival Index (MGI). Plaque (sampled separately from four different oral sites) and salivary samples were obtained from each subject. Sequences and relative abundance of the bacterial 16 S rDNA PCR-amplicons were determined via pyrosequencing that produced 400 bp-long reads. The sequence data were analyzed via a computational pipeline customized for human oral microbiome analyses. Furthermore, the relative abundances of selected microbial groups were validated using quantitative PCR.

Results

The oral microbiomes from gingivitis and healthy subjects could be distinguished based on the distinct community structures of plaque microbiomes, but not the salivary microbiomes. Contributions of community members to community structure divergence were statistically accessed at the phylum, genus and species-like levels. Eight predominant taxa were found associated with gingivitis: TM7, Leptotrichia, Selenomonas, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Prevotella, Lautropia, and Haemophilus. Furthermore, 98 species-level OTUs were identified to be gingivitis-associated, which provided microbial features of gingivitis at a species resolution. Finally, for the two selected genera Streptococcus and Fusobacterium, Real-Time PCR based quantification of relative bacterial abundance validated the pyrosequencing-based results.

Conclusions

This methods study suggests that oral samples from this patient population of gingivitis can be characterized via plaque microbiome by pyrosequencing the 16 S rDNA genes. Further studies that characterize serial samples from subjects (longitudinal study design) with a larger population size may provide insight into the temporal and ecological features of oral microbial communities in clinically-defined states of gingivitis.     

A comparison of bond strengths measured using cantilever bending and micro-tensile methods

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cantilever-bending test as a bond-strength measurement method for enamel/composite adhesion.

Materials and methods

The buccal surface of bovine incisors were flattened and subsequently placed with composite Z250 (3M ESPE) incrementally after either self-etching adhesive (SE) or etch-and-rinse adhesive (SB) was applied. Then, they were cut with a low-speed cutter to obtain stick-shape samples. The samples were divided into four groups (n = 30 each) according to the adhesive and test method: SET, SE-B, SB-T and SB-B, where T denotes the microtensile test and B denotes the cantilever-bending test. The failure mode of each sample was examined under the microscope. Those samples with the fracture surface lying entirely or partially in the adhesive layer were considered to have provided successful measurements. The results from the two test methods were compared.

Results and discussion

The cantilever-bending method produced a comparable success rate of bond strength measurement to that of the microtensile method. The bond strengths of SE and SB from the cantilever-bending test were 58% and 40% higher, respectively, than those measured with the microtensile method. The adhesive SE exhibited almost the same bond strength as SB, irrespective of the test method.

Conclusions

Cantilever bending can be used as an alternative method for bond strength measurement. The ratio of bending to tensile strength is around 1.5.     

纯钛表面快速沉积羟基磷灰石涂层的实验研究

目的探讨在纯钛种植体表面快速沉积羟基磷灰石涂层的新方法。方法20片纯钛片均分为A、B两组。A组用H2SO54与HCI混合液酸蚀；B组用H2SO4与HCI混合液酸蚀，再用5mol／L NaOH溶液60℃处理24h后，600℃热处理1h。然后两组试件同时置于仿生液A液和B液中各1天。场发射扫描电子显微镜观察分析涂层的形貌。结果两组试件表面均可沉积致密的羟基磷灰石涂层，涂层由1—3μm的小球组成。X射线衍射分析证实其为碳酸化的羟基磷灰石。结论在纯钛表面可以快速沉积碳酸化的羟基磷灰石。     

The critical barrier to progress in dentine bonding with the etch-and-rinse technique

Objectives

The lack of durability in resin-dentine bonds led to the use of chlorhexidine as MMP-inhibitor to prevent the degradation of hybrid layers. Biomimetic remineralisation is a concept-proven approach in preventing the degradation of resin-dentine bonds. The purpose of this study is to examine the integrity of aged resin-dentine interfaces created with a nanofiller-containing etch-and-rinse adhesive after the application of these two approaches.

Methods

The more established MMP-inhibition approach was examined using a parallel in vivo and in vitro ageing design to facilitate comparison with the biomimetic remineralisation approach using an in vitro ageing design. Specimens bonded without chlorhexidine exhibited extensive degradation of the hybrid layer after 12 months of in vivo ageing.

Results

Dissolution of nanofillers could be seen within a water-rich zone within the adhesive layer. Although specimens bonded with chlorhexidine exhibited intact hybrid layers, water-rich regions remained in those hybrid layers and degradation of nanofillers occurred within the adhesive layer. Specimens subjected to in vitro biomimetic remineralisation followed by in vitro ageing demonstrated intrafibrillar collagen remineralisation within hybrid layers and deposition of mineral nanocrystals in nanovoids within the adhesive.

Conclusions

The impact was realized by understanding the lack of an inherent mechanism to remove water from resin-dentine interfaces as the critical barrier to progress in bonding with the etch-and-rinse technique. The experimental biomimetic remineralisation strategy offers a creative solution for incorporating a progressive hydration mechanism to achieve this goal, which warrants its translation into a clinically applicable technique.     

阳极氧化处理后的新型钛合金表面成骨细胞OPG、RANKL基因表达研究

目的:新型钛合金Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7.9Sn(TNZS)经过阳极氧化(anodic oxidation,AD)技术处理后,分析其表面的人成骨样MG63细胞骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)、细胞核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)基因表达水平.方法:将人成骨样MG63细胞接种于Ti-6Al-4V、TNZS、AD-TNZS表面,采用半定量RT-PCR法检测OPG、RANKL mRNA的表达量.结果:人成骨样MG63细胞在AD-TNZS表面的OPGm RNA表达量有所提高,而RANKL mRNA的表达量3组材料间无明显差异.结论:阳极氧化处理的TNZS钛合金可能通过影响骨保护素、细胞核因子-κB受体活化因子配体调节成骨细胞、破骨细胞的平衡,从而促进种植体植入后的骨重建.     

健康成人刺激性全唾液流速及一氧化氮含量的增龄性变化

目的:研究不同年龄阶段健康成人的刺激性全唾液流速及唾液一氧化氮含量的变化。方法:将97例健康成人分成4个年龄组,分别为青龄组(20~39岁)、中龄组(40~59岁)、老龄组(60~79岁)、长寿组(80岁以上)。在上午8:00~10:00空腹,以2.5ml/L洗必太漱口,以20ml/L柠檬酸刺激舌背前1/3,以双蒸水漱口后采集全唾液5min,记录样本容量,并计算其流速。用硝酸还原酶法检测唾液中NO浓度,并计算其唾液中NO的单位时间含量。结果:(1)青龄组刺激性全唾液流速高于中龄组、老龄组、长寿组(P<0.05);中龄组、老龄组、长寿组之间唾液流速无显著性差异(P>0.05);(2)不同年龄组间两两比较,刺激性全唾液NO浓度无显著性差异(P>0.05);青龄组NO单位时间含量显著高于中龄组、老龄组和长寿组(P<0.05),中龄组、老龄组、长寿组之间的NO单位时间含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:(1)中老年人群的刺激性全唾液流速显著低于青年人群;(2)随年龄增长,健康成人刺激性全唾液中的NO浓度未发生明显变化,但其单位时间含量呈降低趋势。