Lesser metatarsophalangeal joint implants

A double-stemmed MTP joint silastic implant has been described that acts as a flexible spacer for a number of pathologic conditions that affect the lesser metatarsophalangeal joints. Preliminary results suggest that this is a feasible alternative to joint destructive procedures with advantages over previously described implants.     

Disposition and hypoglycaemic action of glipizide in diabetic patients given a single dose of nifedipine

Summary Adrenaline, when administered in dental local anaesthetic solutions, significantly reduces the plasma potassium concentration in young healthy adults. This effect occurs within 10 min of extravascular injections into the maxillary buccal sulcus and may influence the choice of local anaesthetic solution for patients receiving kaliuretic diuretics.     

Effect of marginal zinc deficiency on the lymphatic absorption of [14C]cholesterol

The effect of zinc deficiency on intestinal absorption of cholesterol was investigated in adult male rats fed 3.6 ppm of dietary zinc (ZD) and compared with pair-fed (PF) and ad-libitum (CT) controls fed 30.6 ppm of zinc for 10 to 12 wk. The intestinal absorption of cholesterol was measured by collecting the mesenteric lymph at hourly intervals for 8 h after infusing a dose of [14C]cholesterol in a lipid emulsion through an indwelling duodenal catheter. Data on the hourly lymphatic output of [14C]cholesterol showed that the absorption of [14C]cholesterol plateaued at 4 h postdosing in all groups. The rate of the appearance of [14C]cholesterol in the mesenteric lymph significantly decreased in ZD rats at 5 h and thereafter. The cumulative absorption of [14C]cholesterol by ZD rats for the 8-h period was 4.4 +/- 1.0% of the dose, compared with 11.8 +/- 1.1% by PF and 10.7 +/- 1.4% by CT rats. There were no differences in percent distribution of esterified [14C]cholesterol among the three groups. Also, no significant change in mucosal cholesterol esterase activity was observed due to zinc deficiency. The present data and previous findings taken together suggest that the primary mechanism responsible for the impaired absorption of cholesterol may be associated with defective formation of chylomicrons in the intestinal mucosa.     

Various problems in the diagnosis and treatment of the broncho-obstructive syndrome

Clinico-x-ray-laboratory investigation, bronchoscopy were performed, respiratory function and ECG were studied in 212 patients with different forms of chronic bronchitis. Six groups of patients were defined with relation to the presence or absence of obstruction, its nature (permanent, transient), prevalence (small, medium and large bronchi), genesis of disease (inflammatory, allergic). The characteristics of the groups and their clinico-x-ray, functional and immunological features were presented. Treatment including methods of climatotherapy, exercise therapy, pharmacological agents (antibacterial, broncholithic and antihistaminic), physiotherapy and administered with relation to the defined groups, proved to be effective. The improvement of bronchial permeability was noted in 49.5% (ranging from 40.0 to 68.7% in different groups).     

Characteristics of neuronal activity in prefrontal cortex during performance of spatial delayed reactions in monkeys

Several types of neurons were differentiated on the basis of a study of neuronal activity in various parts of the cortex near the sulcus principalis during the execution of spatial delayed reactions by monkeys. It was established that the different types of neurons are represented in different numbers in. different parts of the cortex near the sulcus principalis. The determination of several factors influencing the activity of these neurons and the comparison of data on their quantitative representation in the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the cortex near the sulcus principalis with the existing behavioral data obtained after local ablations of identical regions of the brain made it possible to postulate that neurons belonging to the different types are involved in the analysis of different processes and represent different functional units.Translated from Fiziologicheskii. Zhurnal SSSR imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 71, No. 12, pp. 1488–1494, December, 1985.