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91.
Keith D. Allen William J. Warzak Nancy G. Greger Toni D. Bernotas Carol A. Huseman 《Children's Health Care》1993,22(1):61-72
Fifty-six children with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) and their families completed self-report instruments about behavioral, social, and emotional adjustment of the children. Results show that children with IGHD may experience significant behavioral and social adjustment problems. Social and emotional adjustment was best predicted by the relative height discrepancy between an individual and their normal-sized peers. Adjustment varied depending on the type of adjustment under consideration, the relative height discrepancy of the individual, the age and gender of the child, and the amount of time in treatment. Discussion addresses the need for an interdisciplinary approach to effective patient management of children with IGHD. 相似文献
92.
93.
Hardwick M Cavalli LR Barlow KD Haddad BR Papadopoulos V 《Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics》2002,139(1):48-51
Recent studies using human breast cancer cell lines, animal models, and human tissue biopsies have suggested a close correlation between the expression of the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) and the progression of breast cancer. This study investigates the genetic status of the PBR gene in two human breast cancer cell lines: MDA-MB-231 cells, which are an aggressive breast cancer cell line that contains high levels of PBR, and MCF-7 cells, which are a nonaggressive cell line that contains low levels of PBR. Both DNA (Southern) blot and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses indicate that the PBR gene is amplified in MDA-MB-231 relative to MCF-7 cells. These data suggest that PBR gene amplification may be an important indicator of breast cancer progression. 相似文献
94.
Owens EB Hinshaw SP Kraemer HC Arnold LE Abikoff HB Cantwell DP Conners CK Elliott G Greenhill LL Hechtman L Hoza B Jensen PS March JS Newcorn JH Pelham WE Severe JB Swanson JM Vitiello B Wells KC Wigal T 《Journal of consulting and clinical psychology》2003,71(3):540-552
Using receiver operating characteristics, the authors examined outcome predictors (variables associated with outcome regardless of treatment) and moderators (variables identifying subgroups with differential treatment effectiveness) in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; MTA). Treatment response was determined using parent- and teacher-reported ADHD and oppositional defiant symptoms, with levels near or within the normal range indicating excellent response. Among 9 baseline child and family characteristics, none predicted but 3 moderated treatment response. In medication management and combined treatments, parental depressive symptoms and severity of child ADHD were associated with decreased rates of excellent response; when these 2 characteristics were present, below-average child IQ was an additional moderator. No predictors or moderators emerged for behavioral and community comparison treatments. The authors discuss conceptual and clinical implications of research on treatment moderators. 相似文献
95.
Analysis of orthologous gene expression between human pulmonary adenocarcinoma and a carcinogen-induced murine model
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Stearman RS Dwyer-Nield L Zerbe L Blaine SA Chan Z Bunn PA Johnson GL Hirsch FR Merrick DT Franklin WA Baron AE Keith RL Nemenoff RA Malkinson AM Geraci MW 《The American journal of pathology》2005,167(6):1763-1775
Human adenocarcinoma (AC) is the most frequently diagnosed human lung cancer, and its absolute incidence is increasing dramatically. Compared to human lung AC, the A/J mouse-urethane model exhibits similar histological appearance and molecular changes. We examined the gene expression profiles of human and murine lung tissues (normal or AC) and compared the two species' datasets after aligning approximately 7500 orthologous genes. A list of 409 gene classifiers (P value <0.0001), common to both species (joint classifiers), showed significant, positive correlation in expression levels between the two species. A number of previously reported expression changes were recapitulated in both species, such as changes in glycolytic enzymes and cell-cycle proteins. Unexpectedly, joint classifiers in angiogenesis were uniformly down-regulated in tumor tissues. The eicosanoid pathway enzymes prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) and inducible prostaglandin E(2) synthase (PGES) were joint classifiers that showed opposite effects in lung AC (PGIS down-regulated; PGES up-regulated). Finally, tissue microarrays identified the same protein expression pattern for PGIS and PGES in 108 different non-small cell lung cancer biopsies, and the detection of PGIS had statistically significant prognostic value in patient survival. Thus, the A/J mouse-urethane model reflects significant molecular details of human lung AC, and comparison of changes in orthologous gene expression may provide novel insights into lung carcinogenesis. 相似文献
96.
97.
The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends that, as a general rule for health purposes, individuals should
exercise at 40%–85% of their maximal oxygen uptakes. Moreover, it has been suggested that 55%–90% of the maximal heart rate
may be used as an alternative estimate of these percentage maximal oxygen uptake values. The present study examined the relationship
between percentage peak heart rate (% HRpeak) and percentage peak oxygen uptake (%
) during steady-state incremental intensity wheelchair propulsion of 16 élite, male wheelchair racers (WR). Oxygen uptake
was determined during each submaximal exercise stage and heart rate (HR) was continuously monitored. The
was subsequently determined using a separate protocol. Linear regression equations of % HRpeak versus %
for each participant included % HRpeak values corresponding to 40%, 60%, 80% and 85%
. The linear regression equation, derived as the group mean of the slope and intercept terms determined for each individual,
was:
. The group mean of the individual correlation coefficients for the
relationship was 0.99. The values of % HRpeak for each of the %
values below 85% were significantly greater (P<0.01) than those suggested by the ACSM. This suggests that the ACSM guidelines below 85%
, based on % HRpeak, may underestimate the relative exercise intensity (i.e. %
) in the WR population. However, in élite level WR, % HRpeak can be recommended as an alternative estimate of %
at wheelchair propulsion intensities of 85%
or more.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
98.
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of a new nurse-led continence service: a randomised controlled trial 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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![点击此处可从《The British journal of general practice》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Kate S Williams R Phil Assassa Nicola J Cooper David A Turner Christine Shaw Keith R Abrams Christopher Mayne Carol Jagger Ruth Matthews Michael Clarke Catherine W McGrother The Leicestershire MRC Incontinence Study Team 《The British journal of general practice》2005,55(518):696-703
BACKGROUND: Continence services in the UK have developed at different rates within differing care models, resulting in scattered and inconsistent services. Consequently, questions remain about the most cost-effective method of delivering these services. AIM: To evaluate the impact of a new service led by a continence nurse practitioner compared with existing primary/secondary care provision for people with urinary incontinence and storage symptoms. DESIGN OF STUDY: Randomised controlled trial with a 3- and 6-month follow-up in men and women (n = 3746) aged 40 years and over living in private households (intervention [n = 2958]; control [n = 788]). SETTING: Leicestershire and Rutland, UK. METHOD: The continence nurse practitioner intervention comprised a continence service provided by specially trained nurses delivering evidence-based interventions using predetermined care pathways. They delivered an 8-week primary intervention package that included advice on diet and fluids; bladder training; pelvic floor awareness and lifestyle advice. The standard care arm comprised access to existing primary care including GP and continence advisory services in the area. Outcome measures were recorded at 3 and 6 months post-randomisation. RESULTS: The percentage of individuals who improved (with at least one symptom alleviated) at 3 months was 59% in the intervention group compared with 48% in the standard care group (difference of 11%, 95% CI = 7 to 16; P<0.001) The percentage of people reporting no symptoms or 'cured' was 25% in the intervention group and 15% in the standard care group (difference of 10%, 95% CI = 6 to 13, P = 0.001). At 6 months the difference was maintained. There was a significant difference in impact scores between the two groups at 3 and 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The continence nurse practitioner-led intervention reduced the symptoms of incontinence, frequency, urgency and nocturia at 3 and 6 months; impact was reduced; and satisfaction with the new service was high. 相似文献
99.
100.
The biologic changes occurring in severely ischemic myocytes in vivo as the affected cells pass through the phase of reversible to the phase of lethal or irreversible injury are reviewed with special emphasis on the effect of ischemia on the production and utilization of highenergy phosphate, the destruction of the adenine nucleotide pool, and the appearance of signs of damage to the plasma membrane of the sarcolemma. Evidence is presented that indicates that the events occurring in severe ischemia in vivo are essentially identical to those found in total ischemia in vitro except that the biologic changes of ischemia develop more slowly in total ischemia in vitro than in severe ischemia in vivo. The slower time course of injury, together with the uniformity of injury provided by total ischemia in vitro, may allow for more precise identification of potential lethal cellular events in ischemic injury. The production of highenergy phosphates (HEP) from anaerobic glycolysis have been estimated in both in vivo and in vitro ischemia by the measurement of lactate accumulation, and total HEP utilization has been estimated from the depletion of stores of preformed HEP. The results show that between 80% and 90% of the HEP utilized by ischemic dog left ventricle is produced by anaerobic glycolysis. The onset of irreversibility is associated with marked depletion of the HEP and adenine nucleotide pools of the tissue and the cessation of energy production via glycolysis. The cessation of anaerobic glycolysis may be caused by the low sarcoplasmic, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration of the dying myocyte. In addition to the foregoing changes, irreversibly injured tissue exhibits both ultrastructural and functional evidence of disruption of the plasmalemma of the sarcolemma. The possible relationships, causal and otherwise, between severe HEP depletion and membrane damage are discussed. Both HEP depletion (ATP < 3-8% of control) and membrane damage are considered to be objective signs of the presence of irreversible myocardial ischemic injury. However, at the present time, there is no proof that these changes are causally related either to each other or to cell death in severe in vivo ischemia. 相似文献