内毒素核心糖脂单克隆抗体的血清学反应性及保护作用的初步研究

以S.minnesota R595菌为免疫原,通过细胞融合获得8株分泌抗核心糖脂单抗的杂交瘤细胞系。对其中的两株代表性单抗2D6E7和3H4 2F7的血清学反应性以及在小鼠Hb/Mu腹腔感染模型中的保护作用进行了初步研究。菌体吸收试验和间接免疫荧光试验(ⅡF)表明,单抗能与多种革兰氏阴性杆菌(GNB)产生交叉反应,并且光滑型GNB的煮沸菌体荧光染色呈阳性,活菌染色呈阴性。保护性试验结果表明,3H4 2F7单抗能显著提高S.minnesota(野生菌株),鼠伤寒杆菌和E.Coli等光滑型GNB攻击的小鼠存活率(P<0.05),显示出抗核心糖脂单抗的良好交叉保护作用。若攻击前、后2h或攻击同时输入单抗3H4 2F7,对光滑型GNB的感染均有明显保护效果(P<0.05);2D6 E7单抗未表现有保护活性。     

脾脏肿块的超声诊断

目的 :探讨脾脏肿块的超声表现及鉴别要点。材料和方法 :回顾性分析 76例脾脏肿块患者的超声检查资料 ,分析脾脏肿块的大小、数目、边界、内部回声等多种超声表现。结果 :76例脾脏肿块中有 3例错构瘤 ,10例血管瘤 ,16例淋巴瘤 ,2例淋巴管瘤 ,4例血管肉瘤 ,11例脾转移瘤 ,16例脾囊肿 ,4例脾梗死 ,3例脾血肿 ,5例脾脓肿 ,2例付脾 ,其超声表现各具特征。结论 :超声检查可早期发现并区别脾脏肿块的囊、实性 ,借助彩色血流显像可进一步鉴别良、恶性病灶。     

多粘菌素B琼脂糖层析柱清除体液中内毒素

用多粘菌素B琼脂糖亲和层析法清除内毒素,结果表明:5ml多粘菌素B层析柱的总吸附内毒素能力为450 μg,用此法可完全清除体液或各种液体中的内毒素,对血清及腹水中的内毒素也有明显的吸附作用,而其他各种主要成分(除内毒素外)经过处理后无明显改变。去氧胆酸是一种强有力的去污剂,可使已饱和的柱子复活,复活率达85％左右。该方法有简便,可靠,吸附能力大,柱子的复活率高等优点。本方法的建立为内毒素血症的治疗展示了新的前景。     

敌枯双慢性毒性实验的病理形态学研究——实验大鼠脏器组织病理变化

将150只SD大鼠随机地分成Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ四个实验组和一个对照组(Ⅴ)。实验组敌枯双剂量分别为1.0,0.2,0.05及0.01mg/kg,均用去离子水配成相应浓度的染毒水,由动物自由摄取,对照组摄入去离子水。于实验第29.5,55周分两批处死。经组织病理学检查,结果发现:敌枯双可引起甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞萎缩甚至脱屑,其发生率(Ⅲ组为63.64%)与对照组(0%)比较差异有高度显著性(P<0.01);睾丸曲细精管各级生精细胞减少、萎缩甚至完全消失,其发生率(Ⅳ组为58.33%)与对照组(8.33%)比较差异有显著性(P<0.01);对心肌、肝组织也有不同程度的损伤.     

Examination of potential mechanism(s) of metallothionein induction by diethyl maleate.

Diethyl maleate (DEM) is a glutathione-depleting agent that can increase the levels of the sulfhydryl-rich protein metallothionein (MT) in liver. The purpose of the present study was to examine the mechanism(s) by which DEM increases mouse hepatic MT levels. DEM appears to be an indirect MT inducer as suggested by the lack of increase in MT levels when cultured mouse hepatocytes were exposed to DEM. Four possible mechanisms by which indirect MT inducers may cause an elevation in MT concentrations in liver were examined. Zn levels did not increase prior to the increase in hepatic MT, thus, a Zn redistribution to the liver is not the cause of the liver MT induction by DEM. The adrenal gland products were not required for MT induction in liver, as adrenalectomy did not abolish the increase in hepatic MT caused by DEM. The elevation in liver MT does not appear to be due solely to the decrease in liver glutathione (60%) in the initial hour after DEM, because phorone, which decreases liver glutathione (80%), produced only a fourfold increase in hepatic MT. Activation of macrophages does not seem to account for the rise in liver MT levels, as there was no increase in abundance of cytokine mRNAs for TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, or IL-6 in the liver. These data suggest that the induction of hepatic MT by DEM does not occur in response to (1) an increase in liver Zn that precedes the increase in liver MT, (2) release of adrenal gland products, (3) decrease in liver glutathione, or (4) increased cytokine gene expression.     

肺心病血液光量子治疗前后血液流变性质变化及机制探讨

１５例肺心病血液高粘滞患者自体血２５０ｍｌ用ＸＺＹ－Ⅰ型量子血液治疗机进行紫外线照射和充以纯氧后再输入，每周一次，最多连续做三次（平均１．８６±０．７１次）后，作者发现血液全血高切、低切粘度，全血高切、低切还原粘度，血浆比粘度，血浆纤维否白原含量，红细胞聚集指数，红细胞电泳率等有显著性改变，单纯常规治疗组１５例患者血液流变无此变化，分析认为，这些变化可能与红细胞聚集性降低、纤维蛋白源溶解度提高及血氧饱和度增加有关。     

MRI manifestations of peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Three cases of proved peritoneal carcinomatosis were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Air was used to distend the entire gastrointestinal tract via an antegrade method. The findings included seedings along the small intestine, transverse and sigmoid colon, stellate pattern in the mesentery, plaque-like and bulky tumor masses in the mesentery and greater omentum, and focal thickenings along the right subdiaphragmatic parietal peritoneum. Stenosis caused by tumor encasement at the duodenojejunal junction and ileocolic anastomosis were first detected by MRI and later confirmed by barium studies. Ascites was present in all cases. One case showed ascites located only along the left paracolic gutter. This report shows that MRI is also able to demonstrate peritoneal carcinomatosis by using air as a gastrointestinal contrast medium.     

小儿氨基酸注射液治疗胎儿宫内发育迟缓的探讨

经临床鉴定静脉内注射小儿氨基酸对治疗胎儿宫内发育迟缓具有肯定效果。在Ｂ超监视下，使用小儿氨基酸的孕妇组于用药期间，胎儿生长参数ＢＰＤ和ＨＣ显著高于使用成人氨基酸的孕妇组。１０例足月娩出胎儿体重均达到甚至超过２．５ｋｇ。由此得出结论：使用小儿氨基酸注射液对于改善胎儿宫内发育迟缓优于成人氨基酸。     

全雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌

为了评价全雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌的疗效，采用双侧睾丸切除、Ｆｌｕｔａｍｉｄｅ和Ｆｉｎａｓｔｅｒｉｄ联合治疗Ｄ２期前列腺癌病人５例。随访１５～２０个月，结果ＰＳＡ均正常，前列腺体积缩小６１．２％～６９．３％，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），骨转移灶缩小、部分消失，积水肾脏完全恢复正常，所有病人治疗后全部有效。表明全雄激素阻断对晚期前列腺癌有良好的治疗效果。提出在三个层次上阻断雄激素治疗晚期前列腺癌的策略。     

预防性应用钙拮抗剂对缺血大鼠心肌细胞和红细胞内钙变化的影响

利用大鼠缺血模型观察预防性应用钙桔抗剂尼莫地平对大鼠缺血心肌和红细胞内钙的影响发现，缺血时大鼠心肌细胞、心肌组织和红细胞内均有钙积聚，红细胞膜钙泵活性下降；缺血前30分钟给予尼莫地平可使红细胞内钙恢复至正常水平，红细胞膜钙泵活性升高；心肌细胞和心肌组织内钙虽较缺血鼠降低，但仍高于对照组。提示：（1）缺血时细胞的钙内流可能是全身性的；（2）预防性应用尼莫地平可阻滞或减轻细胞内钙超载，同时还可保护细胞膜膜泵活性。