Regulation of immunoglobulin E production in mice immunized with an extract of Toxoplasma gondii.

Repeated infection with Toxoplasma gondii could not induce immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody production. When mice were injected intraperitoneally twice over a 3-week interval with an extract of tachyzoites of T. gondii and Al(OH)3 as adjuvant, antitoxoplasma IgE antibody was produced. Antitoxoplasma IgE antibody titers were low and diminished after a short time in B10.S, BALB/c, C3H, and C57BL/6 mice. This tendency was more evident in IgE low-responder SJL mice. IgE-inducing activity of Toxoplasma antigen was weaker than those of keyhole limpet hemocyanin, ovalbumin, and an extract from Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. The antitoxoplasma IgE antibody production was enhanced by and persisted after whole-body irradiation (150 R) following secondary immunization. The enhanced antitoxoplasma IgE antibody production was suppressed by transferring spleen cells from Toxoplasma antigen-immunized mice. The suppressive effect of the spleen cells was Toxoplasma antigen specific and was removed by treatment with anti-Thy-1.2 and complement. These results indicate that the low IgE production induced by Toxoplasma antigen is the result of irradiation-sensitive and antigen-specific suppressor T cells. These findings might explain the lack of IgE antibody response in mice with Toxoplasma infection.     

老年腹股沟疝患者疝环充填式无张力修补术86例

目的总结弛环充填式无张力修补术治疗老年腹股沟疝患者的经验。方法回顾分析2002年3月-2005年7月采用德国Braun公司生产的Braun mesh和plug治疗的86例老年腹股沟疝患者的临床资料。结果平均手术时间35min，术后8-10h下床活动，2周恢复日常生活，伤口均一期愈合，术后尿潴留15例，异物感3例，随访3—40个月无一例复发。结论疝环充填式无张力修补术操作方便，创伤小，恢复快，复发率低，是老年患者理想有效的疝修补术。     

Correlation between ventricular flow field and valve closing sound of mechanical mitral prostheses

The Jyros (JR) valve and the newer On-X and MIRA valves, all installed antianatomically, were compared with the St. Jude Medical (SJM) valve in the mitral position to study the effects of valve design differences on the down-stream flow field and the associated valve closing sound. The dynamic particle image velocimetry method utilizing a high-speed video flow visualization technique was used to map the velocity field, and wavelet analysis of the sound was used to find the correlation between the ventricular flow field and the valve closing sound. Based on the experimental data, the following general conclusions can be made. In the velocity field directly below the mitral valve, where the distinct characteristic differences of the valve designs will be evident, twin symmetrical circulations were observed due to the divergent nature of the flow generated by the two inclined half-disks with the valve installed in the anti-anatomical orientation; the SJM, the On-X, and the MIRA valves generated a centrally downward circulation that opposed the valve leaflet closing movement, and resulted in relatively loud valve closing sounds.     

管花苷B对抗H202诱导的PCI2细胞凋亡

目的:观察肉苁蓉提取物管花苷B对H:O:诱导的PCI2细胞损伤的影响.方法:用MTr法检测细胞存活率,以激光共聚焦显微镜荧光染色法检测细胞内活性氧的产生和线粒体膜电位的变化,DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡的发生,并用荧光酶标仪测定caspase-3的活性.结果:100 μmol稬-1H2O2处理细胞24 h显著降低细胞的存活率;诱导细胞发生凋亡,凋亡率达48.O％;细胞内活性氧水平及caspase-3的活性显著升高;而线粒体膜电位却明显降低,红／绿荧光强度的比值由正常的5.97降低为0.41左右.而预先给予l、10或100 mg.L-1浓度的管花苷B处理细胞12 h,可显著提高细胞存活率;并可有效抑制DNA ladder的发生;流式细胞仪检测凋亡率分别降低到30.9％、18.3％和6.2％;激光共聚焦显微镜结果显示管花苷B可明显降低细胞内活性氧的水平;并可逐渐恢复线粒体的高能量状态;easpase-3的活性不断降低,并呈现了一定的剂量依赖性.结论:管花苷B能显著地抑制H2O2诱导的PCI2细胞凋亡,其神经细胞保护作用可能与其降低细胞内活性氧水平,维持线粒体膜电位的高能状态和抑制caspase-3的活性有关.     

有氧及无氧训练对血浆电解质及微量元素的影响

目的　探讨中长跑有氧与无氧训练对血浆电解质及部分微量元素的影响 .方法　上海市及上海体院田径队中长跑运动员 ,根据个人运动专长 ,安排相应专项训练 ;12名进行有氧训练 ,14名进行无氧训练 ,分别在训练前及运动后即刻抽静脉血 ,检测血乳酸等电解质及微量元素铁、铜的水平 .结果　①两组训练后 ,血乳酸、Na、Cl及无机磷(P)水平均显著升高 (p <0 .0 1) ;无氧组训练后 ,血清总钙 (Ca)及血清铁 (Fe)水平均显著升高 (p <0 .0 1) .②两组训练后 ,Cu水平显著下降 (p <0 .0 1,下降幅度均达 35 %以上 ) ;无氧组训练后 ,K水平有下降趋势 (p =0 .0 6 ) .③有氧组训练后 ,乳酸升高与K水平呈显著相关 ((r=- 0 .6 73,p <0 .0 5 ) ;无氧组训练后 ,乳酸升高与Mg水平显著相关 (r=0 .5 5 1,p<0 .0 5 ) ,与Na水平呈极显著相关 (r=0 .731,p <0 .0 1) .结论　①有氧、无氧训练对电解质及微量元素水平的影响明显不同 .②无氧训练较有氧训练更需注意运动后电解质紊乱 ,尤需注意运动后血钙水平的升高及血钾水平的下降 .     

细胞角蛋白19、galectin-3、HBME-1在甲状腺病变上的表达及鉴别诊断意义

目的 研究细胞角蛋白(CK)19、galectin(Gal)-3、HBME-1在甲状腺不同病变表达的特点及鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法 应用免疫组织化学EnVision法检测了21例结节性甲状腺肿(结甲)、14例毒性甲状腺肿(甲亢)、15例甲状腺滤泡性腺瘤(腺瘤)、13例滤泡性癌、13例滤泡型乳头状癌及48例经典型乳头状癌中单克隆抗体CK19、Gal-3、HBME-1的表达。结果 甲状腺病变中3种标记表达均位于细胞质;CK19、Gal-3、HBME-1的表达在甲状腺良性病变(结甲、甲亢、腺瘤)大多为弱阳性或阴性,而滤泡性癌阳性明显增加、乳头状癌(滤泡型及经典型)大多为中、强阳性,3种标记在甲状腺不同病变的阳性表达率结甲为52．4％(11／21)、9．5％(2／21)、19．0％(4／21),甲亢为50．0％(7／14)、7．1％(1／14)、7．1％(1／14),腺瘤为60％(9／15)、13．3％(2／15)、13．3％(2／15),滤泡性癌为76．9％(10／13)、61．5％(8／13)、53．8％(7／13),滤泡型乳头状癌为：100％(13／13)、84．6％(11／13)、92．3％(12／13),经典型乳头状癌为100％(48／48)、93．8％(45／48)、95．8％(46／48);在甲状腺良性病变(结甲、甲亢、腺瘤)与恶性病变(滤泡性癌、乳头状癌)间3种标记差异均有显著性(P均=0．000);同时3种标记在滤泡样病变即腺瘤、滤泡性癌和滤泡型乳头状癌间亦有显著差异(CK19：P=0．038,Gal-3：P=0．001,HBME-1：P=0．000)。结甲有9例,甲亢有7例,腺瘤有6例3种标记均不表达,滤泡性癌仅有1例,而乳头状癌(滤泡型及经典型)没有病例3种标记均不表达,同一病例有2种以上阳性表达在结甲、甲亢、腺瘤、滤泡性癌、滤泡型乳头状癌和经典型乳头状癌中分别为14．2％(3／21)、21．4％(3／14)、20．0％(3／15)、69．2％(9／13)、92．3％(12／13)、100．0%(48／48),在甲状腺良性病变与恶性病变间以及滤泡样病变间差异亦有显著性(P=0．000)。结论 CK19、Gal-3、HBME-1的检测尤其是联合检测对甲状腺病变的诊断、鉴别诊断具有较高的实用价值。     

颅内海绵状血管瘤 CCM1基因第12外显子及其5′端内含子新突变位点

目的　探讨 CCM1基因突变在中国人颅内海绵状血管瘤 ( intracranial cavernous angiomas,ICCA)发病中所起的作用。方法　收集我院神经外科 2 0 0 2年 6月～ 2 0 0 3年 2月收治并经手术病理证实的2 1例 ICCA患者及 15名正常健康对照者 ,从外周静脉血中提取 DNA,PCR法扩增 CCM1基因第 12外显子及其两侧部分内含子序列 ,应用 DNA直接测序技术对扩增产物进行检测。结果　 5例患者中检测出 3处 CCM1基因突变 ,均为首次发现。其中 ,5例患者中均存在 1172 C→ T的错义突变 ,使编码 KRIT1蛋白391位的氨基酸由丝氨酸变成苯丙氨酸。另有 1例患者存在 116 0 A→ C的错义突变 ,使编码 KRIT1蛋白387位氨基酸的谷氨酰胺变成脯氨酸。另一个突变发生在第 12外显子 5′端内含子区域 ,5例患者中有 4例第 4个碱基 C被 T取代。对照组检测结果无异常。结论　中国 ICCA患者存在 CCM1基因第 12外显子的突变 ,并与 ICCA的发病有关     

Increase in the proportion of granulated CD56+ T cells in patients with malignancy.

Evidence is presented for the existence of a unique T cell population which expressed one of the natural killer (NK) markers, CD56 antigen, in humans. Although such CD56+ T cells were a minor population in the peripheral blood (< 10%), they were abundant in the liver (up to 50%), which was recently demonstrated to be a major organ for extrathymic T cell differentiation in mice. As in the case of extrathymic T cells in mice, these CD56+ T cells in humans contained a higher proportion of gamma delta T cells than did CD56- T cells, contained double-negative CD4-8- cells, and had the morphology of large granular lymphocytes. This unique population of CD56+ T cells tended to be elevated in the blood and among tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with colorectal cancer, especially in advanced cases. These results raise the possibility that, as in mice, CD56+ T cells with extrathymic T cell properties may also be associated with tumour immunity in humans.     

Construction and characterization of a fimA mutant of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Although fimbriae of Porphyromonas gingivalis have been implicated as playing a major role in adherence to gingival tissue surfaces, no conclusive genetic evidence has yet been obtained. The fimA gene, the determinant for the major fimbrial subunit protein, was cloned and sequenced (D. P. Dickinson, M. A. Kubiniec, F. Yoshimura, and R. J. Genco, J. Bacteriol. 170:1658-1665, 1988). We undertook to inactivate the fimA gene by a homologous recombination technique and examined the fimA mutant for changes in surface properties, including production of fimbriae, adherence to human gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells, hemagglutinating activity, and surface hydrophobicity. To inactivate the fimA gene, we disrupted a fimA clone by insertion of a DNA segment containing an erythromycin resistance (Emr) gene. This was then delivered into P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 from an Escherichia coli K-12 strain, SM10 lambda pir, by using a mobilizable suicide vector, pGP704; recombination at the fimA locus led to the isolation of a fimA mutant. Disruption of the fimA locus and disappearance of FimA production were confirmed by Southern hybridization with a fimA-specific DNA probe and Western immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody against the FimA protein, respectively. The fimA mutant constructed failed to express long (0.5- to 1.0-micron) fimbriae from the bacterial surface and had a diminished adhesive capacity to tissue-cultured human gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Observation of the bacteria adhering to human gingival fibroblasts by scanning electron microscopy revealed that the wild-type strain had dramatic local changes in the appearance of the microvilli at the point of contact with large bacterial clumps, whereas the fimA mutant did not. In contrast, neither the hemagglutinating activity nor the surface hydrophobicity was changed in the fimA mutant. These data thus constitute the first direct genetic evidence demonstrating that the FimA protein of P. gingivalis is essential for the interaction of the organism with human gingival tissue cells through a function(s) encoded by the fimA gene.     

Dna ploidy of pheochromocytoma on cytology specimen by image analysis

Pheochromocytoma usually shows prominent nuclear atypia, but the presence of such atypical cells is known to be an unreliable predictor of malignancy. DNA ploidy of pheochromocytomas has been analyzed by flow cytometry or photospectrometry on paraffinem-bedded tissue, but the results were controversial. We performed DNA analysis on cytology specimens of 11 pheochromocytomas using an image analysis system. All tumors had a mixed pattern of a large population of diploid cells and a small population of polyploid cells. DNA content correlated with nuclear size, and larger cells had more DNA content. Such larger tumor cells had polyploid nuclei, such as 4 C, 8 C, 16 C, and 32 C, in both malignant and benign pheochromocytomas. The larger polyploid nuclei may result from difficulty of duplication at the mitotic phase of the cell cycle.