全文获取类型
收费全文 | 146295篇 |
免费 | 10597篇 |
国内免费 | 663篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1865篇 |
儿科学 | 3692篇 |
妇产科学 | 2593篇 |
基础医学 | 18643篇 |
口腔科学 | 3101篇 |
临床医学 | 14411篇 |
内科学 | 30031篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1903篇 |
神经病学 | 13316篇 |
特种医学 | 5719篇 |
外科学 | 23122篇 |
综合类 | 2163篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 176篇 |
预防医学 | 13440篇 |
眼科学 | 3140篇 |
药学 | 10442篇 |
2篇 | |
中国医学 | 184篇 |
肿瘤学 | 9611篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 639篇 |
2022年 | 934篇 |
2021年 | 2682篇 |
2020年 | 1560篇 |
2019年 | 2537篇 |
2018年 | 3088篇 |
2017年 | 2236篇 |
2016年 | 2372篇 |
2015年 | 2881篇 |
2014年 | 4239篇 |
2013年 | 6466篇 |
2012年 | 9406篇 |
2011年 | 10004篇 |
2010年 | 5565篇 |
2009年 | 5076篇 |
2008年 | 8859篇 |
2007年 | 9568篇 |
2006年 | 9070篇 |
2005年 | 9277篇 |
2004年 | 8928篇 |
2003年 | 8395篇 |
2002年 | 8147篇 |
2001年 | 1496篇 |
2000年 | 1287篇 |
1999年 | 1607篇 |
1998年 | 1773篇 |
1997年 | 1420篇 |
1996年 | 1367篇 |
1995年 | 1323篇 |
1994年 | 1125篇 |
1993年 | 1103篇 |
1992年 | 1033篇 |
1991年 | 1047篇 |
1990年 | 916篇 |
1989年 | 878篇 |
1988年 | 904篇 |
1987年 | 896篇 |
1986年 | 904篇 |
1985年 | 994篇 |
1984年 | 1080篇 |
1983年 | 1017篇 |
1982年 | 1275篇 |
1981年 | 1291篇 |
1980年 | 1077篇 |
1979年 | 745篇 |
1978年 | 806篇 |
1977年 | 696篇 |
1976年 | 624篇 |
1975年 | 574篇 |
1974年 | 562篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Frank G. Shellock Jerrold H. Mink Andrew L. Deutsch James Fox Todd Molnar Ronald Kvitne Richard Ferkel 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》1994,4(4):590-594
The effect of a newly developed patellar realignment brace was evaluated in 21 patellofemoral joints (19 patients) with patellar subluxation (13 joints with lateral subluxation and eight with medial subluxation) by using active-movement, loaded kinematic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Sixteen patellofemoral joints (76%) demonstrated a qualitative correction of or improvement in patellar subluxation (ie, centralization of the patella or a decrease in the displacement of the patella) after application of the brace. Four of the five “failures” occurred in patellofemoral joints that had patella alta and/or dysplastic bone anatomy. These results indicate that the patellar realignment brace was able to counteract patellar subluxation in the majority of patellofemoral joints studied, as shown by active-movement, loaded kinematic MR imaging. This brace appears to be useful for conservative treatment of patients with patellofemoral joint pain secondary to patellar malalignment and maltracking. 相似文献
92.
James H. McKerrow 《Perspectives in Drug Discovery and Design》1995,2(3):437-444
Summary Papain family cysteine proteases function primarily intracellularly in higher eukaryotes, but are often extracellular proteases in protozoan helminths. The utility of this class of enzymes is reflected in the diversity of functions they perform in both parasite life cycles and the pathogenesis of parasitic diseases. Examples include secretion of proteases into the gut of parasitic worms for hemoglobin degradation, release from the surface of nematodes to degrade cuticular proteins during molting, and facilitating excystment of protozoa. 相似文献
93.
94.
Thirty-nine primary surgical cases for correction of congenital aural atresia were reviewed for complications and long-term hearing results. Hearing averages of 25 dB for mild atresia, 40 dB for moderate atresia, and 46 dB for severe atresia were obtained. Serviceable hearing was achieved in 64% of the cases. The two most frequent complications were stenosis and recurrent infections of the cavity and canal skin, with an incidence of 33% and 31%, respectively. Use of split-thickness instead of full-thickness skin graft was associated with fewer complications. The goal of this review is also to share the experience of the senior author in the management of this complex problem. 相似文献
95.
Juin Fok-Seang Linda C. Smith-Thomas Sally Meiners Elizabeth Muir Jian-Sheng Du Elizabeth Housden Alan R. Johnson Andreas Faissner Herbert M. Geller Roger J. Keynes John H. Rogers James W. Fawcett 《Brain research》1995,689(2):207
The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) lacks the capacity to support axonal regeneration. There is increasing evidence to suggest that astrocytes, the major glial population in the CNS, may possess both axon-growth promoting and axon-growth inhibitory properties and the latter may contribute to the poor regenerative capacity of the CNS. In order to examine the molecular differences between axon-growth permissive and axon-growth inhibitory astrocytes, a panel of astrocyte cell lines exhibiting a range of axon-growth promoting properties was generated and analysed. No clear correlation was found between the axon-growth promoting properties of these astrocyte cell lines with: (i) the expression of known neurite-outgrowth promoting molecules such as laminin, fibronectin andN-cadherin; (ii) the expression of known inhibitory molecules such tenascin and chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan; (iii) plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity; and (iv) growth cone collapsing activity. EM studies on aggregates formed from astrocyte cell lines, however, revealed the presence of an abundance of extracellular matrix material associated with the more inhibitory astrocyte cell lines. When matrix deposited by astrocyte cell lines was assessed for axon-growth promoting activity, matrix from permissive lines was found to be a good substrate, whereas matrix from the inhibitory astrocyte lines was a poor substrate for neuritic growth. Our findings, taken together, suggest that the functional differences between the permissive and the inhibitory astrocyte cell lines reside largely with the ECM. 相似文献
96.
David A. Hughes Graham C. Smith Joyce E. Davidson Anna V. Murphy T. James Beattie 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1996,10(4):445-447
. Neutrophil-mediated tissue damage has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diarrhoea-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome
(D+ HUS). This study evaluates priming and activation of the neutrophil oxidative burst in D+ HUS using chemiluminescent techniques.
Peripheral blood neutrophils from 11 children with acute D+ HUS were examined. No difference was found in the oxidative burst
of neutrophils from patients and controls. Serum elastase levels were measured in 8 patients and found to be significantly
elevated. Although elastase results suggest neutrophil activation, chemiluminescence studies do not confirm this in the peripheral
blood neutrophil. This does not support a significant role for circulating agents in priming and activating the peripheral
blood neutrophil.
Received August 17, 1995; received in revised form and accepted November 27, 1995 相似文献
97.
Shahid Husain Kenneth McCurry James Dauber Nina Singh Shimon Kusne 《The Journal of heart and lung transplantation》2002,21(3):354-359
BACKGROUND: Nocardia is responsible for infection in both normal and immunocompromised hosts. Organ transplant recipients are increasingly recognized as a sub-group of immunocompromised patients in whom nocardia is an important pathogen. The frequency of nocardia in organ transplant recipients varies between 0.7% and 3%. Nocardia infection has largely been reported in heart, kidney and liver transplant recipients. Presentations of nocardia in lung transplant recipients have been restricted primarily to case reports. The present study reviews the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of nocardia infection in lung transplant recipients at our institution. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 473 lung transplant recipients from January 1991 to November 2000 was done at a university hospital. Patient demographics, immunosuppressive regimen at the time of isolation of nocardia species, use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for Pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis, rejection episodes in the preceding 6 months, concurrent pathogens, site of infection, radiologic findings and treatment and outcome were recorded. RESULTS: Nocardia infection was found in 2.1% (10 of 473) of our lung transplant recipients. Median time of onset was 34.1 months after transplantation. Nocardia species included N farcinica in 30% (3 of 10), N nova in 30% (3 of 10), N asteroides complex in 30% (3 of 10) and N brasiliensis in 10% (1 of 10) of patients. Post-transplant diabetes was present in 50% (5 of 10) of patients. The primary indication for lung transplantation was emphysema in 40% (4 of 10). Native lung involvement was noted in 75% (3 of 4) of patients with single lung transplant. Breakthrough nocardia infection were noted in 6 patients who were receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis for P carinii pneumonia; all breakthrough isolates remained susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Overall mortality was 40% (4 of 10). All patients (3 of 3) with infection due to N farcinica, except 1 (1 of 7) with infection due to other nocardia species, died. Seventy-five percent (3 of 4) of deaths were attributable to nocardia infection. CONCLUSIONS: Nocardia infection tended to involve the native lung in single lung transplant recipients. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for P carinii prophylaxis at the doses given was not protective against nocardiosis in these patients. Infection with N farcinica was associated with poor outcome. Thus, species identification and extended courses of antibiotics based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing are important in management of these patients. 相似文献
98.
99.
A Decade of Change in Obesity Surgery 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Edward E Mason MD PhD Shenghui Tang MS Kathleen E Renquist BS Dwight T Barnes Joseph J Cullen MD Cornelius Doherty MD James W Maher MD 《Obesity surgery》1997,7(3):189-197
Background: The International (formerly National) Bariatric Surgery Registry began collecting data in January 1986. The aim
of this study was to examine changes in the practice of surgical treatment of severe obesity that occurred during the decade
of 1986 through 1995, as observed in the IBSR data. Methods: All data submitted to the IBSR during the decade were transferred
to the IBM mainframe computer for analysis. Characteristics of operative type populations were compared over time using analysis
of variance (ANOVA) for age, body mass index (BMI), operative weight and Chi-square (χ2) test for gender. Results: There has been a steady increase over the decade in mean patient weight. The operations used have
changed from predominantly ‘simple’ operations to more frequent use of ‘complex’ operations. Within the categories of ‘simple’
and ‘complex’, an increase in the variety of operations occurred. As a group, patients with ‘simple’ operations have been
heavier, more often male and public pay patients than those who have undergone ‘complex’ operations. One year weight loss
was greater for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB) than vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG), but follow-up rates were too low to
study the relative merits of the operations used. The reported incidence of operative mortality and serious complications
(leak with peritonitis, abscess and pulmonary embolism) remained low. Conclusions: These observations and their implications
can be summarized in three statements which relate to action for improved patient care in the beginning of the new century:
(1) increasing weight of candidates for surgical treatment during this decade indicates the need for earlier use of operative
treatment before irreversible complications of obesity can develop; (2) low risk of obesity surgery, decreasing postoperative
hospital stay, and early weight control support the continued and increased use of surgical treatment; (3) continued widespread
use of both ‘simple’ and ‘complex’ operations with increased modifications of standard RGB and VBG procedures emphasizes the
need for standardized long-term data and analyses regarding both weight control and postoperative side-effects. 相似文献
100.