A cinnamamide scaffold has been successfully incorporated in several compounds possessing desirable pharmacological activities in central and peripheral nervous system such as anticonvulsant, antidepressant, neuroprotective, analgesic, anti‐inflammatory, muscle relaxant, and sedative/hypnotic properties. R,S‐(2E)‐1‐(3‐hydroxypiperidin‐1‐yl)‐3‐phenylprop‐2‐en‐1‐one (KM‐608), a cinnamamide derivative, was synthesized, its chemical structure was confirmed by means of spectroscopy and crystallography, and additionally, thermal analysis showed that it exists in one crystalline form. The compound was evaluated in vivo in rodents as anticonvulsant, antiepileptogenic, analgesic, and neuroprotective agent. The beneficial properties of the compound were found in animal models of seizures evoked electrically (maximal electroshock test, 6‐Hz) and chemically (subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole seizure test) as well as in three animal models of epileptogenesis: corneal‐kindled mice, hippocampal‐kindled rats, and lamotrigine‐resistant amygdala‐kindled rats. Quantitative pharmacological parameters calculated for the tested compound were comparable to those of currently used antiepileptic drugs. In vivo pharmacological profile of KM‐608 corresponds with the activity of valproic acid. 相似文献
Aim: To compare transvaginal digital examination performed by residents and attending physicians to transabdominal suprapubic ultrasound in the evaluation of fetal head position in the second stage of labor.Methods: A prospective study was conducted at a tertiary center and included pregnant women at term, with normal singleton cephalic presentation fetuses. All patients had ruptured membranes and were evaluated during the second stage of labor. Fetal head position was assessed consecutively by two clinicians (one resident and one attending physician). Afterwards, transabdominal suprapubic ultrasound was performed by another observer. Examiners were blinded to each other’s findings. Cohen’s kappa test was used to assess the degree of agreement between the evaluation methods.Results: One-hundred sixty-one women were included. Transvaginal examination was consistent with the ultrasound in 45.0% of cases (95% CI: 37–53%) when the examination was performed by residents (k?=?0.349) and in 67% (95% CI: 60–74%) if the attending physician carried out the evaluation (k?=?0.604). When considering only the anterior positions, the Cohen’s kappa test was 0.426 and 0.709, respectively.Conclusion: Transabdominal suprapubic ultrasound improved the accuracy of the evaluation of fetal head position, namely when transvaginal digital examination was performed by residents. This may be important especially when instrumental deliveries are considered. 相似文献
Severe sepsis and septic shock are advanced clinical conditions representing the patient''s response to infection and having a variable but high mortality rate. Early evaluation of sepsis stage and choice of adequate treatment are key factors for survival. Some study results suggest the necessity of daily procalcitonin (PCT) monitoring because of its prognostic and discriminative value.
Material and methods
An observational and prospective study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic and discriminative value of PCT kinetics in comparison to PCT absolute value measurements. In a group of 50 intensive care unit patients with diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock, serum PCT measurements were performed on admission, and on the 2nd, 3rd and 5th day of therapy. The level of PCT was determined with a commercially available test according to the manufacturer''s protocol.
Results
The kinetics of PCT assessed by ΔPCT was statistically significant in the survivors vs. the non-survivors subgroup (ΔPCT3/1, p = 0.022; ΔPCT5/1, p = 0.021). ΔPCT has no statistical significance in the severe sepsis and septic shock subgroups for all analyzed days. Only the 5th day PCT level was significantly higher in the non-survivors vs. survivors group (p = 0.008). The 1st day PCT level in the severe sepsis vs. septic shock group has a discriminative impact (p = 0.009).
Conclusions
According to the results, single serum PCT measurement, regardless of absolute value, has a discriminative impact but no prognostic significance, during the first 2 days of therapy. The PCT kinetics is of prognostic value from the 3rd day and is of earlier prognostic significance in comparison to changes in the patient''s clinical condition evaluated by SOFA score kinetics. 相似文献
Introduction The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between the presence of anti-C. trachomatis (C.t.) antibodies in serum and expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) and the concentration of citric acid in patients with chronic
prostatitis.
Materials and Methods The study involved 34 men with chronic prostatitis. The leukocyte count, presence of anti-C.t. antibodies (IgA, IgG), and citric acid concentration were determined in the EPS. The serum was examined for IgM, IgA, and
IgG anti-C.t. antibodies. Specific antibodies were determined using the EIA method. The concentration of citric acid was measured using
the ultraviolet method.
Results Inflammation of the prostate ( ≥ 10 PMN) was found in 61.8% of the patients. A reduction in citric acid concentration in the
EPS was detected in 58.8% of the men. Specific serum antibodies were detected in 58.8% of the patients, including 23.5% with
IgM, 32.4% with IgA, and 44.1% with IgG. In all patients, serum IgM and IgA antibody titers were low, while those of IgG antibodies
were strongly positive in 46.7% of the patients. Anti-C.t. antibodies in the EPS were detected in 44.1% of the patients, including 32.4% with IgA and 35.3% with IgG. In contrast to
serum, the titers of IgG antibodies in the EPS were low in all the patients, while those of IgA were strongly positive in
54.5% of cases. In patients with positive serological outcomes, 85% had reduced concentrations of citric acid.
Conclusions The occurrence of anti-C.t. antibodies is usually accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of citric acid in the prostatic secretion. 相似文献
Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) show high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms. The loss of a limb is undoubtedly a devastating experience and several studies have shown that anxiety and depression symptoms are a common reaction after a lower limb amputation (LLA). However, no study has focused on the immediate emotional reactions to LLA as a personal factor based on the ICF Model.
Objective
This study focused on the characterization of anxiety and depression levels, before and after surgery, differences in levels of depression and anxiety before and after surgery and the predictors of anxiety and depression one month after surgery, in a sample of patients with DFU.
Methods
This was a longitudinal study with 179 patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and DFU indicated for amputation, screened for the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms during the hospitalization that preceded amputation and one month after surgery, during a follow-up consultation.
Results
The results showed a significant effect of anxiety and depression symptoms at pre-surgery in the prediction of anxiety and depression symptoms one month after LLA. Patients showed higher levels of anxiety than depression symptoms at pre-surgery, although anxiety significantly decreased on month after surgery. Both anxiety and depression symptoms contributed to depression after LLA, although anxiety at pre-surgery was the only predictor of anxiety at post-surgery.
Conclusions
Tailored multidisciplinary interventions need to be developed providing support before and after an amputation surgery, in order to reduce anxiety and depression symptoms and promote psychological adjustment to limb loss. 相似文献
Propolis is known to possess antioxidant activity. However, there is no information on this activity in emulsions O/W. The protective effect of propolis on the oxidation and rheological properties of emulsions O/W containing wheat germ and almond oils was evaluated. Emulsions O/W were prepared with different concentration of propolis extract, almond oil and wheat germ oil. All emulsions physically stable without phase separation were stored at 37?°C for 9?weeks. Chemical composition of propolis was established by Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Rheological characterization of different emulsions was performed evaluating consistency index and flow behavior index. The oxidation was monitored by measuring the lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) methods. Flavonoids, phenolic acid esters, and aromatic acids were the main groups of compounds found in propolis. The results showed that popolis was good antioxidant in the concentration of 0.02 and 0.04% when lipid phase was constituted by almond oil. The rheological behavior is typical of a non-Newtonian fluid, being almond oil more adequate for having a higher stable O/W emulsion. 相似文献
The English National Health Service is promoting concentration of the treatment of patients with relatively rare and complex conditions into a limited number of specialist centres. If these patients are more costly to treat, the prospective payment system based on Healthcare Resource Groups (HRGs) may need refinement because these centres will be financially disadvantaged. To assess the funding implications of this concentration policy, we estimate the cost differentials associated with caring for patients that receive complex care and examine the extent to which complex care services are concentrated across hospitals and HRGs. We estimate random effects models using patient‐level activity and cost data for all patients admitted to English hospitals during the 2013/14 financial year and construct measures of the concentration of complex services. Payments for complex care services need to be adjusted if they have large cost differentials and if provision is concentrated within a few hospitals. Payments can be adjusted either by refining HRGs or making top‐up payments to HRG prices. HRG refinement is preferred to top‐payments the greater the concentration of services among HRGs. 相似文献
Digoxin is the oldest drug used in the pharmacotherapy of heart failure (HF). However, digoxin remains an important therapeutic option for patients with persistent symptoms of HF occurring despite the implementation of standard pharmacotherapy. Digoxin concentration serum (SCD) should equal 1–2 ng/ml. The aim of our study was to measure of SCD among the hospitalized patients as well as to determine the selected factors influencing the concentration of the digoxin in the blood.
Methods
The presented research was based on a retrospective analysis including 2149 patients treated with digoxin and hospitalized between 1980 and 2000. Was used for the determination of SCD automatic analyzer TDX ABBOTT GmbH – fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), with therapeutic range for digoxin of 0.8–2.0 ng/ml.
Results
Average SCD result in the study population was located within the therapeutic range and amounted 1.06 ng/ml (55.7% of patients). Statistically significant differences in digoxin level were observed depending on the way of medicine administration (p = 0.000001) and the daily amount (p = 0.001). Moreover, statistically significant differences in digoxin level were observed depending on sex (p = 0.00002).
Conclusions
An elevated level of digoxin was observed in the case of patients who received the medication both orally and intravenously, together with an increase in the daily amount of digoxin doses. It was confirmed that an elevated digoxin level occurs in the course of treatment in the case of women. 相似文献
The described application of granular computing is motivated because cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major killer globally. There is increasing evidence that abnormal respiratory patterns might contribute to the development and progression of CVD. Consequently, a method that would support a physician in respiratory pattern evaluation should be developed. Group decision-making, tri-way reasoning, and rough set–based analysis were applied to granular computing. Signal attributes and anthropomorphic parameters were explored to develop prediction models to determine the percentage contribution of periodic-like, intermediate, and normal breathing patterns in the analyzed signals. The proposed methodology was validated employing k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) and UMAP (uniform manifold approximation and projection). The presented approach applied to respiratory pattern evaluation shows that median accuracies in a considerable number of cases exceeded 0.75. Overall, parameters related to signal analysis are indicated as more important than anthropomorphic features. It was also found that obesity characterized by a high WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) and male sex were predisposing factors for the occurrence of periodic-like or intermediate patterns of respiration. It may be among the essential findings derived from this study. Based on classification measures, it may be observed that a physician may use such a methodology as a respiratory pattern evaluation-aided method.