Nontraumatic scalp arteriovenous fistula in an adult: technical report on an illustrative case

BACKGROUND: The treatment of sAVF is difficult, and many therapeutic approaches have been proposed. General approaches for the treatment of sAVF include ligation of the feeding arteries, surgical removal, electrothrombosis, embolization, and a combination of these approaches. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 35-year-old man presented with occipital subcutaneous pulsatile thrill. We discussed and illustrated a rare sAVF, which was a high-flow sAVF fed by the occipital branch of the right ACE draining intraosseously into the SS. The case was treated by surgical origin ligation. CONCLUSION: This case was unusual in the sense that it was apparently spontaneous, and the major venous drainage was through the bone into the SS. Arterial supply pattern of sAVF is very important in therapeutic decision-making. We suggest that surgical origin ligation for sAVF be considered if the case has 1 feeding artery.     

The surgical treatment and outcomes of high-pressure injection injuries of the hand

High-pressure injection injuries to the hand are uncommon soft tissue traumas of the hand which are frequently underestimated. They are, however, not uncommon among workers in industry using paint, automotive grease, solvents and diesel oil. The prognostic factors are the type, amount and temperature of the material and the pressure of injection. The results of 14 surgically treated high-pressure injection injuries of the hand with a minimum of two years follow-up are reported. Ten cases required soft tissue debridement and foreign body removal. Six required reconstructive microsurgical procedures and one underwent digital tip amputation, which followed major and devastating soft tissue problems. In the present study, we describe the mechanism of the soft tissue damage and the principles of treatment. This study confirms the fact that high-pressure injection injury to the hand is a significant problem, which can easily lead to serious sequelae and, even, amputation.     

Reconstruction of the vena cava with the peritoneum: the effect of temporary distal arteriovenous fistula on patency (an experimental study).

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of increasing inferior vena cava blood flow by means of distal arteriovenous fistula on the patency of a peritoneal tube graft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 16 mongrel dogs, a 3-4 cm long circular defect was created at the infrarenal inferior vena cava. The defect was interposed with peritoneal tube graft. A temporary distal femoro-femoral arteriovenous fistula was also constructed in 8 dogs just after the caval interposition. Graft patency was evaluated by Doppler ultrasonography and angiography. Histological evaluation was also performed. RESULTS: Seven dogs in each group survived. All control grafts occluded within the first week, compared to no occlusions in fistula group (Fisher's exact test, p<0.005). However one 'fistula' dog with a still patent graft was sacrificed on the 18th day due to ultrasonographically occluded arteriovenous fistula. CONCLUSION: In dogs, the peritoneum may be used as graft material for reconstruction of the inferior vena cava, provided a distal arteriovenous fistula is constructed.     

Effects of toothpastes on white spot lesions around orthodontic brackets using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF)

Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie - The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of toothpastes with different contents on the remineralization of...     

Treatment of hypertension with ascorbic acid

In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study we showed that treatment of hypertensive patients with ascorbic acid lowers blood pressure. Further studies of ascorbic acid to treat hypertension, with clinical endpoints, are warranted.     

The fruit extract of three strawberry cultivars prevents lipid peroxidation and protects the unsaturated fatty acids in the Fenton reagent environment

In this study, we detected the flavonoid ingredients of three different varieties of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch cultivar Camarosa, Selva and Dorit) grown in Elazig, and we researched on their effects on the radicals DPPH√ and OH√. It was detected that in the manipulation of 50-100 μl extract, it was efficient to turn the DPPH√ radical over 85% to DPPH√ OH√ form. In in vitro environment in which hydrogen peroxide and Fenton reagent were used, it was also detected that the capacity of interception of lipid peroxidation is high. When the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA)-2-thiobarbituric acid was compared with that of the Fenton R group, the level was shown to be decreased in the groups in which a quite distinct level of the extract of strawberry fruit was given (p < 0.001). Depending on the decrease in LPO formation, the amounts of oleic acid and linoleic acid that were added to the reaction environment were preserved in in vitro environment in which the extract of strawberry fruit was added (p < 0.01, p < 0.05 and p < 0.01).Consequently, it has been confirmed that the strawberry fruit that has a scavenging effect against the radicals prevents that lipid peroxidation in in vitro environment.     

Ischemic preconditioning decreases laparoscopy-induced oxidative stress in small intestine

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Laparoscopy is advantageous but its adverse effects have not yet been completely elucidated. Pneumoperitoneum performed to facilitate laparoscopy causes the organ perfusion decrease such as in the intestine. Oxidative stress reflects the tissue injury related to ischemia and reperfusion. We previously showed that laparoscopy causes oxidative stress in intestinal tissues. To assess whether the preconditioning phenomenon could be taken advantage of during laparoscopy we designed this randomized, controlled, experimental study with blind outcome assessment. We evaluated the effect of preconditioning, including sequential periods of pneumoperitoneum and desufflation on laparoscopy-induced tissue injury of small bowel with the help of two important markers of oxidative stress, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and reduced glutathione. METHODOLOGY: Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats were used. After anesthesia, an intraperitoneal catheter was inserted. Pneumoperitoneum was created in all except controls, by CO2 insufflation under a pressure of 15 mmHg. The rats were randomized into the groups below: Group P was subjected to 60 minutes of pneumoperitoneum; Group P/D was subjected to 60 minutes of pneumoperitoneum followed by 45 minutes of desufflation; Group IP + P was subjected to 10 minutes of pneumoperitoneum, 10 minutes of desufflation and 60 minutes of pneumoperitoneum; Group IP + P/D was subjected to 10 minutes of pneumoperitoneum, 10 minutes of desufflation, 60 minutes of pneumoperitoneum and 45 minutes of desufflation; Group C (Control) was subjected to a sham operation, without pneumoperitoneum. Small bowel tissue malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione activities were measured, as applicable, by investigators blinded to the study design. The results were decoded and statistically analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the paired groups. p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Small bowel tissue malondialdehyde levels were increased, whereas glutathione values were decreased in Groups P and P/D, as compared to Groups PRE/P and PRE/P/D; the latter two groups had results similar to the Control Group. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic preconditioning may reduce the oxidative injury in intestine following laparoscopic procedures.