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711.
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713.
This paper describes the surgical method and instruments for placing and anchoring the Apex polyester fibre anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. It then reviews the early clinical findings and describes recent developments. At the time of review, 172 Apex replacements had been implanted in the UK in arthroscopically proven chronic ACL-deficient knees. These had been inserted at eight centres since 1987, and follow up was by a single observer assessing patients by questionnaire, clinical examination, stress X-ray and KT 1000 arthrometer. Patients less than 12 months from surgery were excluded, leaving 95 with a mean follow up of 27 months (range 13 to 66 months) on whom results are based. Assessment showed improved stability after operation and the Apex implant appears to provide a reliable method of stabilizing the ACL deficient knee within the confines of this short-term review. The authors feel that further trials are justified. 相似文献
714.
HZ Abdel‐Hafez E‐EM Mohamed AA Abd‐Elghany 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2010,24(6):704-708
Background Oxidative stress (OS) results from an imbalance between free radical generating and scavenging systems. The end product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) serves as a marker of cellular damage. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) traps free radicals and acts as a free radical scavenging system. Objective To study OS indices in paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) leprosy in tissues and blood. Materials and methods The study group comprised untreated PB patients (n = 14), untreated MB patients (n = 18) and normal human volunteers (n = 20). SOD activity, MDA level and MDA/SOD ratio were estimated in both blood and tissue. Results Compared with controls, SOD activity in tissues decreased significantly in both PB and MB patients, while SOD activity in erythrocytes decreased significantly only in MB. In addition, MDA levels increased significantly in tissues of both PB and MB patients. Moreover, the mean level of MDA in plasma of MB patients was significantly higher, whereas there was no significant difference in that of PB patients. This study showed significant increase in OS index (MDA/SOD ratio) in tissue of PB and MB patients and in blood of MB patients only, whereas there was no significant difference in OS index in blood of PB patients compared with that in the controls. Conclusion Oxidative stress was observed in both tissues and blood of MB patients and in tissues of PB patients, denoting its crucial involvement in the pathogenesis of leprosy. This can constitute an important tool in prognosis, treatment and control of leprosy. 相似文献
715.
716.
BACKGROUND: The study aimed to determine whether allergic conditions accompany analgesic intolerance. METHODS: A total of 132 analgesic-intolerant patients with bronchial asthma admitted to the adult allergy unit from January 1991 to October 1997 and 103 patients with bronchial asthma randomly selected from among the asthmatics referred to our department between January and October 1997 were enrolled in the study. Those having analgesic intolerance and bronchial asthma were accepted as group I; patients having only asthma were accepted as group II. A standard questionnaire was completed for all the patients. Physical examination, routine skin prick tests, determination of total IgE levels and blood type, and oral analgesic provocation tests were also performed. RESULTS: The results showed that some allergic conditions were significantly more common in group I (22.7% and 7.8% for food allergy/intolerance [P<0.05], 16.7% and 7.8% for antibiotic allergy, 16.7% and 2.9% for dermographism, 9.8% and 1.0% for metal allergy, and 9.1% and 1.0% for chronic urticaria for groups I and II, respectively [P<0.001]). In addition, the mean of the total IgE level in the serum was higher in group I than group II (77.6 and 53.7 IU/ml; P<0.05), and the cumulative analgesic consumption was more in group I (14.2+/-17.1 and 9.1+/-12.5 boxes; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Dermographism; chronic urticaria; antibiotic, metal, and food allergy; high levels of total IgE; and a high amount of cumulative analgesic consumption may be the conditions accompanying analgesic intolerance in asthmatics. 相似文献
717.
Pacey AA 《国外医学(计划生育.生殖健康分册)》2010,29(3):145-148,157
质量保证(QA)和质量控制(QC)是所有实验室进行检测分析的基础。与其他医学学科相比,研究者最近才认识到男科实验室需要有QA和QC。此外,有证据表明,一些医生并不完全赞成尚需进行QA和QC的努力。然而,由于QA和QC是质量管理实施过程的中心环节,评审机构和监管部门越来越需要实验室制定有效的QA和QC措施。随着《世界卫生组织人类精液分析实验室技术手册》第5版的出版,该手册推荐的实验方法学已有相应的修改,现行的QA和QC体系也需作出一定程度的更新,以适应新的变化和要求。主要讨论该手册在3方面的变化,即:①建议根据精液质量推测体积。②精子活力等级由原来的4级改为3级。③将精子形态的参考值下限定为4%(95%CI为3%。4%)。还讨论了QC及QA在所有男科实验室检测中的重要性,包括即将开展的评估精子DNA完整性的实验。同时,阐述对从事男科学检验工作人员开展充分的初级培训与专业继续教育的必要性。 相似文献
718.
Greater numbers of human spermatozoa associate with endosalpingeal cells derived from the isthmus compared with those from the ampulla 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
Baillie HS; Pacey AA; Warren MA; Scudamore IW; Barratt CL 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(9):1985-1992
A simple co-culture bioassay system was used to investigate whether or not
the anatomical origin affected the ability of epithelial cells from the
human uterine (Fallopian) tube to 'bind' spermatozoa. This study was also
used to identify some of the factors which may be involved in the
regulation of sperm-epithelial interactions in vitro by comparing different
tissue culture models and assessing the effect of oestradiol concentration.
Epithelial explants harvested from different regions of human uterine tubes
were co-incubated with a known concentration of motile donor spermatozoa.
All results were adjusted to reflect a standard sperm concentration of 5 x
10(6)/ml. More spermatozoa associated per field of isthmic compared to
ampullary epithelium [isthmus 9.5 +/- 0.9, ampulla 7.1 +/- 0.7 (mean +/-
SEM); n = 36, P < 0.05, ANOVA] and cells from post-menopausal patients
had an apparently reduced ability to bind spermatozoa [isthmus 5.5 +/- 2.0,
ampulla 4.3 +/- 1.4 (mean +/- SEM); n = 4]. Neither menstrual cycle stage
nor addition of mid-cycle concentrations of 17beta-oestradiol (750 pmol/l)
affected the number of spermatozoa which bound to epithelium from either
tubal region. In addition, the number of spermatozoa which bound per field
of polarized explants was greater (P < 0.05) than that bound to
dissociated primary and passaged epithelial cell monolayers. This report is
the first to provide evidence suggestive of a role for sperm- epithelial
binding in the formation of an isthmic sperm reservoir in the human uterine
tube. Results also indicate that oestrogen is not involved in the
regulation of these interactions, and that cell polarity is an important
factor for such associations in vitro.
相似文献
719.
Mayada T.S. Younis Samina Iram Bilal Anwar Ayman A.A. Ewies 《European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology》2010
Objectives
(1) To determine the prevalence of pathology in cervical polyps and whether referring and/or removing them is justified, (2) to assess the frequency of associated endometrial pathology and whether investigating the uterine cavity is warranted, and (3) to estimate the financial costs of processing cervical polyps.Study design
Retrospective review of the histopathology database and case notes of women who had cervical polyps examined at the pathology department of Ipswich Hospital, UK, over a seven-year period from 01/01/2002 to 31/12/2008.Results
The number of cervical polyps removed from 988 women was 1126. Each case of polyps was considered as a separate episode. The recurrence rate was 15%. All polyps were benign except two (0.2%) symptomatic polyps that showed high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The cost of referring women with cervical polyps (excluding women aged >45 years with abnormal bleeding and those with abnormal smear) to see a gynaecologist and of examining polyps histologically was estimated to be £94 816.40. Further investigations to assess the cervix and/or uterine cavity which were performed for 133 women (14.3%), because of the cervical polyps and for no other clinical indication, showed no significant pathology at cost of £41 195.54.Conclusion
Our data do not justify referring women with asymptomatic cervical polyps to see a gynaecologist. Further, removing these polyps and investigating the uterine cavity is not warranted. A policy of removing polyps from only symptomatic women or those with abnormal smear and limiting histological examination to these polyps would result in significant savings. 相似文献720.
Lalitkumar PG; Sengupta J; Karande AA; Ghosh D 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(12):3478-3486
Placental protein 14 (PP14) is a glycoprotein which is secreted by
secretory phase endometrium and decidua in women. Despite the suggestion
that PP14 is involved in the process of endometrial maturation for
blastocyst implantation, our understanding in this regard is poor. In the
present study, the concentrations and distribution patterns of
immunodetectable PP14 in the endometrium during proliferative and secretory
phases of normal ovulatory menstrual cycles, as well as in implantation
stage endometrium in naturally mated ovulatory cycles with or without early
luteal phase mifepristone treatment, were investigated using the rhesus
monkey as a primate model. Immunopositive PP14 was observed mainly in
epithelial cells of glands and it was detected in one major immunopositive
band at Mr 28 kDa in tissue homogenate and spent medium. The area of
immunopositive precipitation of PP14 in glands was minimal in follicular
phase endometrium, and was higher (P < 0.01) in early, mid- and late
luteal phase endometrium compared with that in pre- and periovulatory
phases of the cycle, but there was no change in its area profile in the
glandular compartment throughout the luteal phase. Immunopositivity for
PP14 in luminal contents of gland displayed an increasing profile from
early to late secretory phases. Thus, the concentrations and the
distribution of immunodetectable PP14 in luteal phase endometrium of the
rhesus monkey showed marked similarity with those of human endometrium
during the natural menstrual cycle. Although there was no marked change in
the band characterstics for the protein in implantation stage endometrium
following early luteal phase mifepristone treatment, it was markedly
decreased (P < 0.01) in tissue homogenate and in vitro spent medium
along with a lesser (P < 0.02) degree of immunoprecipitation in the
glands in implantation stage samples of mifepristone treatment group
compared with that in control group samples. Thus, the contragestional
effect of early luteal phase mifepristone treatment appears to be
associated with a decrease in the concentration of immunodetectable PP14 in
implantation stage endometrial glands and its secretion in the rhesus
monkey. It remains to be seen whether this decline is caused from direct
antiprogesterone action on endometrial glands during progesterone
dominance, or secondarily from associated retarded development of
endometrium.
相似文献