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Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology - Ochratoxin A (OTA) and aristolochic acid (AA) are toxins that can frequently contaminate cereals and cereals-based products. The present study...  相似文献   
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Background

Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) show high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms. The loss of a limb is undoubtedly a devastating experience and several studies have shown that anxiety and depression symptoms are a common reaction after a lower limb amputation (LLA). However, no study has focused on the immediate emotional reactions to LLA as a personal factor based on the ICF Model.

Objective

This study focused on the characterization of anxiety and depression levels, before and after surgery, differences in levels of depression and anxiety before and after surgery and the predictors of anxiety and depression one month after surgery, in a sample of patients with DFU.

Methods

This was a longitudinal study with 179 patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and DFU indicated for amputation, screened for the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms during the hospitalization that preceded amputation and one month after surgery, during a follow-up consultation.

Results

The results showed a significant effect of anxiety and depression symptoms at pre-surgery in the prediction of anxiety and depression symptoms one month after LLA. Patients showed higher levels of anxiety than depression symptoms at pre-surgery, although anxiety significantly decreased on month after surgery. Both anxiety and depression symptoms contributed to depression after LLA, although anxiety at pre-surgery was the only predictor of anxiety at post-surgery.

Conclusions

Tailored multidisciplinary interventions need to be developed providing support before and after an amputation surgery, in order to reduce anxiety and depression symptoms and promote psychological adjustment to limb loss.  相似文献   
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Objectives

Fake news: misinformation and falsehood of health news in social media constitute a potential threat to the public health, but the scope of this issue remains unclear. Our pilot study is an initial attempt to measure a number of the top shared health misinformation stories in the Polish language social media.

Methods

Using the BuzzSumo Application, a range of the top shared health web links in the Polish language social media was assessed during the period between 2012 and 2017. We used the following keywords which were related to the most common diseases and causes of death: cancer, neoplasm, heart attack, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, vaccinations, HIV, and AIDS. Each link was checked for the presence of fake news.

Results

40% of the most frequently shared links contained text we classified as fake news. These were shared more than 450,000 times. The most fallacious content concerned vaccines, while news about cardiovascular diseases was, in general, well sourced and informative. More than 20% of dangerous links from our material was generated by one source.

Conclusions

Analyzing social media top shared news could contribute to identification of leading fake medical information miseducating the society. It might also encourage authorities to take actions such as put warnings on biased domains or scientifically evaluate those generating fake health news.  相似文献   
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