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131.
Theodoros Xanthos Eleni Bassiakou Ismene Dontas Ioannis Pantazopoulos Pavlos Lelovas Evangelia Kouskouni Lila Papadimitriou 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2011,29(6):665-669
Aim
The aim of this study is to investigate whether abdominal compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) would result in similar survival rates and neurologic outcome than chest compression CPR in a swine model of cardiac arrest.Materials and methods
Forty Landrace/Large White piglets were randomized into 2 groups: group A (n = 20) was resuscitated using chest compression CPR, and group B (n = 20) was resuscitated with abdominal compression CPR. Ventricular fibrillation was induced with a pacemaker catheter, and animals were left untreated for 8 minutes. Abdominal and chest compressions were applied with a mechanical compressor. Defibrillation was then attempted.Results
Neuron-specific enolase and S-100 levels were significantly higher in group B. Ten animals survived for 24 hours in group A in contrast to only 3 animals in group B (P < .05). Neurologic alertness score was worse in group B compared with group A.Conclusion
Abdominal compression CPR does not improve survival and neurologic outcome in this swine model of cardiac arrest and CPR. 相似文献132.
133.
While our Y2K worries about old computers “retiring” at midnight captured the television and news media attention, a more significant “old age” phenomenon snuck onto the scene with hardly a headline: the dawn of the age of the aged.1 The over burdened health care system will face a worldwide wave of retirees who will live longer, cost more to treat, and demand new goods and services to help them stay healthy, active, and independent. Research in persuasive technologies and the associated usage of a computing system, device, or application intentionally designed to change a person's attitude or behavior in a predetermined way is showing the potential to assist in improving healthy living, reduce the costs on the health care system, and allow the aged to maintain a more independent life. This article gives a deeper insight into the evolution of persuasive technologies and presents a framework that can guide a researcher or practitioner in comprehending more effectively the work being done in this novel research field. It also provides categories of domains within health care in which these technologies are used and surveys exemplars from published literature. The article's goal is to provide greater understanding by addressing the challenges that lie ahead for all key stakeholders that design and/or use persuasive technologies in health care. 相似文献
134.
Christodoulakos GE Lambrinoudaki IV Economou EV Papadias C Vitoratos N Panoulis CP Kouskouni EE Vlachou SA Creatsas GC 《Atherosclerosis》2007,193(1):142-150
BACKGROUND: The cardinal role of chronic inflammation in the development of atherosclerosis is increasingly being recognized. Estrogens may prevent the evolution of atherosclerosis by suppressing immune response. Furthermore, the conflicting reports on the cardiovascular effects of hormone therapy between observational and clinical trials have triggered interest on the effect of alternative therapies on the cardiovascular system. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of estrogen, estrogen-progestin, tibolone and raloxifene therapy on circulating markers of chemotaxis in healthy postmenopausal women. METHODS: Eighty-eight postmenopausal women aged 44-62 years were randomly allocated to daily: (1) conjugated equine estrogens 0.625 mg (CEE), (2) 17beta-estradiol 1mg plus norethisterone acetate 0.5mg (E(2)/NETA), (3) tibolone 2.5mg, (4) raloxifene HCl 60 mg or (5) no treatment. Serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) were measured at baseline and at 3 months. RESULTS: Endogenous testosterone and free androgen index (FAI) correlated negatively, while SHBG correlated positively with serum RANTES (testosterone: r=-0.27, p=0.033; FAI: r=-0.43, p=0.004: SHBG: r=0.34, p=0.026). Serum MCP-1 decreased significantly in the CEE group (baseline 125.3+/-51 pg/ml, 3 months 84.5+/-36.1 pg/ml, p=0.043), while no difference was detected between baseline and post-treatment levels in the other groups. Furthermore, a significant decrease in serum RANTES was observed at the end of 3 months only in the E2/NETA and the raloxifene group (E2/NETA baseline 8690.6+/-3880.0 pg/ml, 3 months 6894.0+/-1720.0 pg/ml, p=0.007; raloxifene baseline 9042.4+/-3765.6 pg/ml, 3 months 6718.1+/-2366.2 pg/ml, p=0.011). CONCLUSION: Endogenous androgens may suppress chemotactic response. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and raloxifene may inhibit the expression of chemoattractant molecules and thus attenuate inflammation. The relevance of these findings in terms of clinically established caridoprotection remains to be clarified. 相似文献
135.
Xanthos T Karatzas T Stroumpoulis K Lelovas P Simitsis P Vlachos I Kouraklis G Kouskouni E Dontas I 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2012,30(8):1389-1394
Introduction
Evidence suggests that any interruptions, including those of rescue breaths, during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) have significant, detrimental effects on survival. The 2010 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation guidelines strongly emphasized on the importance of minimizing interruptions during chest compressions. However, those guidelines also stress the need for ventilations in the case of prolonged cardiac arrest (CA), and it is not at present clear at which point of CA the necessity of providing ventilations overcomes the hemodynamic compromise caused by chest compressions' interruption.Methods
Ventricular fibrillation was electrically induced in 20 piglets (19 ± 2 kg) and left untreated for 8 minutes. Animals were randomized to receive 2 minutes of either chest compression-only CPR (group CC) or standard 30:2 compressions/ventilations CPR (group S) before defibrillation. Resuscitated animals were monitored under anesthesia for 4 hours and then were awakened and placed in a maintenance facility for 24 hours.Results
There was no significant difference among groups for both return of spontaneous circulation and 1-hour survival. There was a significant difference in 24-hour survival (group CC, 7/10 vs group S, 2/10; P = .025). Blood lactate levels were significantly lower in group CC compared with group S in both 1 (P = .019) and 4 hours (P = .034) after return of spontaneous circulation. Furthermore, group CC animals exhibited significantly higher mean Neurologic Alertness Score (58 ± 42.4 vs 8 ± 16.9) (P < .05).Conclusion
In this swine CA model, where defibrillation was first attempted at 10 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation, uninterrupted chest compressions resulted in significantly higher survival rates and higher 24-hour neurologic scores, compared with standard 30:2 CPR. 相似文献136.
Tait D; Riccio M; Sittler A; Scherzinger E; Santi S; Ognibene A; Maraldi NM; Lehrach H; Wanker EE 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(6):991-997
It has been reported that the ataxin-3 protein containing a polyglutamine
sequence in the pathological range (61-84Q) is localized within the nucleus
of neuronal cells, whereas ataxin-3 with a normal repeat length (12-37Q) is
predominantly a cytoplasmic protein. In this study, the subcellular
localization of the full-length ataxin-3 protein with a glutamine sequence
in the normal range (Q3KQ22) was analysed in two mammalian cell lines.
Using two affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies raised against the N- or
C-terminal portion of ataxin-3, the protein was detected predominantly, but
not exclusively, in the nucleus of COS-7 as well as neuroblastoma cells by
immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The
distribution of the protein in these cellular compartments was confirmed by
biochemical subcellular fractionations. Furthermore, CLSM revealed that the
ataxin- 3 protein present in the nucleus of neuroblastoma cells is
associated with the inner nuclear matrix. Our results taken together with
the finding of a nuclear localization signal in ataxin-3 indicate that the
ataxin-3 protein per se translocates to the nucleus and that an expanded
glutamine repeat is not essential for this transport.
相似文献
137.
138.
139.
EE Ekanem KI Eyong EE Philip-Ephraim ME Eyong EB Adams AA Asindi 《African health sciences》2013,13(4):1170-1173
Background
Rabies is a preventable zoonosis with the highest case fatality of any disease in the world. In the developing world, it is transmitted mainly by dog bites. In parts of southern Nigeria, dog meat is a delicacy.Objective
To highlight trade in stray dogs as a major risk factor for rabies in animals and humans in south-south Nigeria.Method
Patients admitted into the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) with a diagnosis of rabies between July and October 2012 were analysed for risk factors, post exposure prophylaxis (PEP), health seeking behaviour and outcome. Focused group interview were also conducted among traders/handlers of stray dogs.Results
Ten cases of rabies in subjects aged 3 to 52 years were recorded in these five months period. Eight of the cases were male and apparently got infected directly or indirectly through the trade in stray dogs for human consumption. None had proper PEP and all patients died.Conclusion
Stray dog trade, fuelled by eating of dog meat, is a risk factor for human and animal rabies in Calabar, southern Nigeria. Culling of stray dogs, control of stray dogs'' trade and public enlightenment on PEP is recommended. 相似文献140.