Hospital periodontal surgery.

Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth is a recognized side effect in many cerebral palsy patients using diphenyl hydantoin for the control of seizures. Severe gingival overgrowth in these patients can affect normal masticatory function, lead to poor occlusal development, and compromise esthetics. This report addresses the complex nature of treating phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth in a mentally retarded 20-year-old female patient. For this patient, full-mouth gingivectomy procedure was performed under general anesthesia in a single session. Post operative follow-up was uneventful. This article discusses major indications, contraindications, and protocols to be followed for periodontal surgical procedures done under general anesthesia.     

Abdominal compartment syndrome--an old syndrome, a new perspective.

The abdominal compartment syndrome is a life threatening condition resulting from pathologic elevation of the intraabdominal pressure. Prompt diagnosis is required to avoid significant sequelae. Diagnosis of this syndrome is based on clinical findings and intra abdominal pressure monitoring. Treatment consists of decompressive laparotomy, which corrects the pathology. Various surgical techniques are described to manage the open abdomen. Despite considerable attention accorded to this disorder, it is still associated with high morbidity and mortality. This review article deals with the identification of risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria and treatment of critically ill patients with the abdominal compartment syndrome.     

急性胆源性胰腺炎的微创治疗

目的探讨应用十二指肠镜及腹腔镜治疗急性胆源性胰腺炎(ABP)的有效性。方法回顾性分析5年间对94例ABP患者进行微创治疗的临床资料。ABP合并胆囊结石的59例行行单纯腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC);胆总管结石14例内镜下乳头括约肌切开取石术(EST),同时置入鼻胆管引流(ENBD),其中3例联合LC;对胆囊结石合并胆总管结石21例行ERCP EST,联合LC治疗。结果全组术后再次发作胰腺炎1例,胆道出血1例,均为ERCP EST患者;另肺部感染2例,切口感染1例,5例均经非手术治疗痊愈。全组有效率100%。结论十二指肠镜及腹腔镜联合应用于治疗ABP效果好。微创技术是目前ABP理想的治疗方法。     

7 小儿胆石症的诊断与治疗

目的探讨小儿胆石症的病因、诊断及治疗方法。方法分析22例小儿胆石症的临床资料,20例行手术治疗,2例行非手术治疗。14例行胆囊切除术(其中8例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术),3例行胆总管切开取石、T管引流术,2例行胆囊切除、胆总管探查、T管引流术,1例行胆总管囊肿切除、肝总管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术。结果18例经手术治疗后症状消失,术后1例出现胆瘘,经引流后痊愈,1例右肝管内结石残留。18例(81.8%)得到随访,4例失访。随访5个月至7年,患儿生长发育正常,3例偶有腹痛、腹胀,1例行二次胆总管切开取石术,术后恢复顺利。行非手术治疗的2例病人经保守治疗后近期症状缓解,其中1例症状反复发作。结论对有腹痛者首选B超检查,对有胆总管扩张或黄疸的患儿结合CT检查可提高正确诊断率;症状明显的胆石症应早期手术治疗;腹腔镜可作为胆囊切除的首选治疗方法。     

下腔静脉损伤的救治经验：附12例报告

目的: 探讨下腔静脉损伤的修复方法。方法:对12例下腔静脉损伤患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:闭合性损伤9例，开放性损伤3例。入院时均伴有休克。均诊断为腹腔内脏损伤，无1例诊断为下腔静脉损伤。12例均手术治疗，直视下修复5例，大网膜填塞后肝实质大块褥式缝合2例，纱布填塞5例。术后并发症7例（58.3%）：胆漏1例，隔下脓肿合并反应性右侧胸腔积液2例，创伤性肝囊肿1例，腔静脉血栓形成1例，大出血2例；死亡3例，病死率25.0%。 结论:腔静脉损伤病情凶险，处理困难，病死率高，改良的全肝血流阻断下行纱布填塞止血效果好，抢救成功率高，值得推广。     

内乳淋巴结在乳腺癌治疗中的重要性

目的探讨乳腺癌术后内乳淋巴结复发的原因,强调内乳淋巴结在乳腺癌治疗中的重要性。方法回顾性分析40例以内乳淋巴结转移为首先复发的女性乳腺癌患者的临床资料、初发病时的临床特征、手术方式、术后病理分期以及治疗经过。结果40例患者内乳淋巴结复发与患者年龄、经期状况、手术方式无关(P>0.05)。而与原发肿瘤直径、部位、腋窝淋巴结阳性数、临床病理分期相关(P<0.05)。结论位于乳腺内侧区、中央区的大块肿瘤(>3cm),腋窝淋巴结阳性数多(>3),且临床病理分期晚(IIb IIIab)的乳腺癌患者,内乳淋巴结转移机率较高,须加强术后综合治疗。     

Pin1和周期素D1在胰腺癌中的表达及其意义

目的:检测胰腺癌及癌旁组织中Pin1和周期素D1基因的表达,探讨Pin1在胰腺癌发病中所起的作用。方法:收集27例胰腺肿瘤组织及其相应的肿瘤旁组织标本,采用实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应法（RQ RT-PCR）检测胰腺良恶性肿瘤及肿瘤旁组织中Pin1和周期素D1 mRNA 的表达,运用Fisher精确概率分析两者之间的相关性及其与肿瘤临床分期和病理特征的关系。结果:7例胰腺囊腺瘤中周期素D1和Pin1的表达与肿瘤旁组织之间无显著性差异;而20例胰腺癌中周期素D1和Pin1的表达明显高于肿瘤旁组织［（2.78±1.02）vs.（4.36±1.27）和(5.48±1.69) vs. (9.97±1.86),P<0.05）］。Pin1和周期素D1与肿瘤的临床分期和病理分化程度无明显的相关（组间差异均为P>0.05）,但Pin1与周期素D1的表达有关（P<0.01）。 结论:胰腺癌中Pin1的过表达可促进周期素D1表达,由此诱导了肿瘤的发生;Pin1可能在胰腺癌中起着重要作用。