伊柔美白霜对家兔皮肤祛斑效果的观察

目的考察伊柔美白霜的祛斑功效。方法在家兔皮肤上涂抹补骨脂酊，待日光照射使皮肤上形成黄褐斑后，涂抹伊柔美白霜。结果涂抹伊柔美白霜20d后，黄褐斑有明显减退。结论伊柔美白霜具有脱色、增白的功效。     

The use of microimplants in orthodontic anchorage.

PURPOSE: Various types of temporary implants have been introduced to serve as orthodontic anchorage. The hypothesis of this study is that microimplants of 1.2 mm diameter can be used as orthodontic anchors, and that their success is related to their length. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of anchor retention after orthodontic force application for moving teeth, and to determine the relationship of microimplant length to retention rate. METHODS: Fifty-nine microimplants (diameter: 1.2 mm) were placed in 29 patients as orthodontic anchorages. After 2 weeks of microimplant placement, a force of 100 to 200 g was loaded with an elastometric chain or NiTi coil spring. Risk factors were characterized as to why a microimplant may fail, and Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Nine microimplants were removed and the overall success rate was 84.7%. Exploring the causes for failure, we found significant differences between the length of microimplants and success rate; 6 mm was 72.2% and 8 mm was 90.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that microimplants are suited as an alternative orthodontic anchorage. We recommend that 8-mm microimplants are preferable to 6-mm.     

急性等容性血液稀释对血浆ET和CGRP水平的影响

目的　探讨急性等容性血液稀释 (ANH)对血浆内皮素 (ET)和降钙基因相关肽(CGRP)水平的影响。方法　选择非心脏手术ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级患者 2 0例 ,麻醉前快速输入复方乳酸钠1 0～ 1 5ml/kg。麻醉后从桡动脉放血 1 0ml/kg ,同时经静脉输入等量的 4 %琥珀酰明胶。观察ANH麻醉前 (T0 )、血液稀释完成后 1 0min(T1 )、2 0min(T2 )、30min(T3 )的血液动力学、血浆ET和CGRP浓度的变化。结果　ANH前后MAP、HR、SpO2 和ECG均较稳定。ANH后 1 0min、2 0min血浆ET水平分别为 (1 4 4 4 7± 1 9 1 7) pg/ml和 (1 5 7 1 7± 1 2 4 5 ) pg/ml,但明显高于ANH前的 (1 2 7 6 8±2 0 92 ) pg/ml(P <0 0 5 )。ANH后 1 0min、2 0min血浆CGRP水平分别为 (5 4 72± 2 5 6 5 )pg/ml和(5 5 32± 1 7 94 )pg/ml,也明显高于ANH前的 (4 4 6 2± 1 6 90 ) pg/ml(P <0 0 5 )。而ET/CGRP比值无明显变化。结论　ANH近期血浆ET和CGRP水平均有一定的增加 ,但ET/CGRP比值的变化无统计学意义 ,同时心血管反应不明显 ,表明血浆ET和CGRP的动态平衡对ANH时的循环稳定起着重要的作用     

Studies on the behavior of photodegradation of poly(cyclohexylmethylsilane)

The fluorescence spectra of poly(cyclohexylmethylsilaane) (PCHMS) solutions or films before and after ultraviolet irradiation in air were studied. The experimental results showed that the positions of the fluoresence peaks shift to shorter wavelength and the fluorescence intensities decrease gradually with increasing UV irradiation time. The results of UV spectra, GPC and ESCA, and IR spectra of PCHMS solutions or films upon UV exposure in air indicate that these phenomena are in accordance with a combined process of photodegradation and photooxidation, which lead to a decrease of the molecular weights and formation of siloxane structures in the polysilane main chains.     

重组合异种骨临床疗效观察

重组合异种骨（ＲＨＢ）骨形成蛋白（ＢＭＤ）与去除抗原特性后的异种松质骨的复合物，是近年来医学研究的一个新成果。既具有ＢＭＰ的高度诱导成骨作用，又具有松质骨的支架作用，十分便于临床使用、填充骨缺损。作者等应用ＲＨＢ治疗１６例骨缺损及骨不连，证实它是一种高效的成骨诱导物质，诱导生骨作用肯定，无明显副作用，临床使用方便，较自体骨移植愈合时间快，避免了取自体髂骨的痛苦。作者等认为，本生物制品颇值得大力推广应用。     

丙烯酰胺对大鼠胚胎神经细胞分化的影响

用细胞微团培养法研究丙烯酰胺对大鼠胚胎神经细胞分化的影响。结果表明，当细胞培养物中丙烯酰胺浓度大于６０μｇ／ｍｌ时，可明显抑制细胞分化，表现为细胞集落数目减少，细胞表面突起和集落间神经纤维束减少，细胞形态改变。其半数分化抑制浓度（ＩＣｄ５０）为７５μｇ／ｍｌ，半数存活抑制浓度（ＩＣｖ５０）为９０μｇ／ｍｌ，两者较为接近。认为丙烯酰胺对细胞分化的抑制作用可能被其细胞毒作用所掩盖，其致畸作用不可忽视。     

阶跃切应力对内皮细胞释放前列环素的影响

采用流室定量研究阶跃切应力对内皮细胞释放前列环素（ｐＧＩ＿２）的影响。对流室中的内皮细胞连续１００分钟施加１、１０、２０ｄｙｎｅ／ｃｍ￣２的阶跃剪切应力，用放免法测流室的８个时间段流出液的６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦｉ＿（１ａ）。绘出切应力刺激内皮细胞释放ＰＧＩ＿２的曲线。结果表明：未施加切应力时，内皮细胞释放ＰＧＩ＿２的量在检测限以下，施加切应力后，ＰＧＩ＿２释放速率很快达极大值，且又在数分钟内减小．施加阶跃切应力越大，ＰＧＩ＿２释放速率曲线峰值越高，但衰减也越快，在８０～１００分钟时间内的前列环素释放速率平均值也越大。由此提示，在活体中血液流变学因素一血流切应力对血管内皮细胞释放前列环素有促进作用。     

复方肾华治疗大鼠改良慢性血清病肾炎的实验研究

目的　观察复方肾华胶囊对改良大鼠慢性血清病肾炎模型的治疗作用。方法　采取传统大鼠慢性血清病肾炎模型制作方法加上切除大鼠一侧肾脏、隔日饮饲牛血清白蛋白 (BSA)酸化水、腹腔注射大肠杆菌内毒素 (LPS)等措施 ,制作肾炎模型 ,与西药蒙诺作对照 ,观察中药肾华对肾炎大鼠尿蛋白、血生化、凝血指标、肾功能、病理、免疫荧光以及增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)表达的作用。结果　肾华胶囊能够显著减轻肾炎大鼠肾脏重量及肾重指数、降低肾炎大鼠尿蛋白、升高血清蛋白、降低胆固醇、甘油三酯、改善肾功能、纠正凝血功能紊乱、减轻肾脏病理改变、减轻免疫荧光变化、减弱PCNA的表达。结论　中药肾华胶囊对大鼠慢性血清病肾炎模型有较好的治疗作用     

Thiamin and vitamin B6 intakes and erythrocyte transketolase and aminotransferase activities in morbidly obese females before and after gastroplasty.

To assess the need for postoperative vitamin supplements, intakes and nutritional status of thiamin (B1) and vitamin B6 were studied in 18 female gastroplasty patients who received a placebo or different levels of supplemental vitamins. Postoperative erythrocyte transketolase basal (BA) and thiamin pyrophosphate-stimulated (SA) activities and activity coefficients (AC) correlated significantly with B1 intake. Despite a decrease in apotransketolase, low thiamin intakes were associated with increased AC values during the first 3 months. With return to low B1 intakes following repletion during month 4, the AC values remained normal with low total activities. Both alanine (EALT) and aspartate (EAST) aminotransferase apoenzyme levels declined and AC values increased significantly during the first 3 months. Although the EALT-indices were more sensitive to changes in B6 intake than the EAST-indices, the EASTBA and SA correlated most consistently with the intake. Postoperative dietary intakes of both vitamins were inadequate for maintenance of normal activities of these erythrocyte enzymes. Although B1 intake of greater than or equal to 1.0 mg/day was adequate for maintenance of normal thiamin status in most subjects of this study, supplementation with greater than or equal to 1.5 mg/day is prudent even though it may not prevent the early postoperative loss of apotransketolase. Vitamin B6 intake at the current recommended dietary allowance (1.6 mg) was not adequate to maintain coenzyme saturation of the erythrocyte aminotransferases. Marginal intake of other nutrients may have affected the utilization of both thiamin and vitamin B6.     

三硝基甲苯在小鼠体内代谢及对免疫功能影响

用油剂的三硝基甲苯（ＴＮＴ）剂量为１００，２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ给小鼠一次灌胃，小鼠血中ＴＮＴ及其代谢产物４Ａ－ＤＮＡＴ、２Ａ－ＤＮＡＴ在染毒后第２，９，１４天持续出现，但浓度较低。提示ＴＮＴ在体内有少量蓄积。染毒后第４，９天用ＳＲＢＣ免疫小鼠，对小鼠血清溶血素水平、迟发型变态反应均有抑制作用。ＡＮＡＥ阳性淋巴细胞百分率明显降低。随着染毒时间延长，Ｔ、Ｂ淋巴细胞抑制作用增强，差异显著。肝脏、肾脏重量无明显变化。提示进一步研究血液中ＴＮＴ及代谢产物ＤＮＡＴ浓度变化情况，应适当延长实验时间。把免疫功能检测作为对ＴＮＴ职业接触工人早期健康监护的生物学指标是有意义的。