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971.
Charles Van Liew Maya Santoro Dhwani Kothari Jennalee Wooldridge Terry A. Cronan 《Journal of cross-cultural gerontology》2016,31(4):409-426
In the present study, ethnic differences in evaluating the severity and associated needs of medical complications experienced by an elderly man and the likelihood of seeking professional assistance (i.e., hire a healthcare advocate [HCA]) to care for him, and for one’s own family or parent should they become ill, as a function of previous caregiving experience, were investigated. The 974 participants were White, Black, Hispanic, or Asian/Pacific Islander. They read a hypothetical vignette about a 75-year-old man, Daryl, who was experiencing health problems. Participants were instructed to imagine that they were James, Daryl’s son, and asked to indicate how severe his condition(s) were, how much medical assistance he would require, and how likely they would be to hire an HCA to assist him. They were also asked to report whether they previously had assisted a parent with activities of daily living (Assistance) and whether they would be likely to hire an HCA in the future if 1) a family member or 2) a parent, specifically, became ill. Two, 2 (Assistance) × 4 (Ethnicity) multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA) were performed to assess differential responses among individuals of different ethnicities as a function of previous caregiver experience. A priori interaction contrasts were examined to determine whether Black, Hispanic, or Asian/Pacific Islander participants differed on the outcomes from White participants as a function of previous caregiver experience. There were no significant differences between Black or Asian/Pacific Islander and White participants, but Hispanic participants assigned significantly higher severity and need for medical assistance ratings and were significantly more likely to indicate that they would seek assistance from an HCA with respect to the vignette and for their own parents in the future if they had provided caregiving to a parent in the past, whereas White participants were less likely to seek assistance from an HCA if they had provided caregiving in the past to a parent. Although ethnic differences in evaluations of Daryl’s condition and in the reported likelihoods of hiring an HCA in various contexts as a function of previous caregiving experience were limited, there are important inter-cultural differences to recognize. It may be important in future research to assess ethnic differences in the expectations and experiences of caregiving. 相似文献
972.
Davis MA Landesman R Tadmor B Hopmeier M Shenhar G Barker T Pozner CN Binstadt ES Nelson S Look R Shubina M Walls RM 《Annals of emergency medicine》2008,51(4):420-5, 425.e1-5
973.
Serum glucose and triglyceride determine high-risk subgroups in non-diabetic postinfarction patients
A strategy was developed to identify subgroups at high risk for recurrent coronary events in non-diabetic postinfarction patients as a function of metabolic, inflammatory, and thrombogenic blood markers. A graphical screening technique for presumptively identifying high-risk subgroups from outcome prevalence maps was devised that was equally sensitive for all values of risk factors in contrast to traditional approaches where risk is presumed for the highest or the lowest values. Traditional statistical analysis confirms high risk in identified subgroups. Serum glucose and triglyceride served as bivariate search domain. Results demonstrated three high-risk subgroups. One was characterized as pre-diabetic; another as metabolic syndrome-enriched; and the third, with unexpectedly high risk, as normoglycemic and modestly hypertriglyceridemic. Within-subgroup risk as determined by Cox proportional hazards model gave for odds ratios and 95 percentile confidence intervals: glucose, 2.49 (1.17-5.33) in pre-diabetic; PAI-1, 3.95 (1.81-8.61) in metabolic syndrome-enriched; and BMI, 2.79 (1.17-6.63) and fibrinogen, 2.79 (1.29-6.04) in normoglycemic, modestly hypertriglyceridemic patients. We conclude that the graphical approach holds promise in screening for high-risk patient subgroups. Finding different within-subgroup predictors of risk underscores the notion of context-dependent risk, an observation that may be relevant for determining optimal use of emerging risk factors. 相似文献
974.
Sufka SA Ferrari G Gryszowka VE Wrin T Fiscus SA Tomaras GD Staats HF Patel DD Sempowski GD Hellmann NS Weinhold KJ Hicks CB 《The Journal of infectious diseases》2003,187(7):1027-1037
Mechanisms that underly discordant CD4+ cell/virus load (VL) responses in patients who receive highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were studied in 30 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, in 3 groups. Discordant responders maintained CD4+ cell levels >200/mm(3) with stable or increasing trend, despite sustained VLs of 500-5000 copies/mL, for >2 years. Treatment-success patients had CD4+ cell counts >200/mm(3) with stable or increasing trend and VLs <50 copies/mL, for >2 years. Treatment-failure patients initially responded to HAART, followed by decreasing CD4+ cell counts and increasing VLs. Interferon-gamma production to gag and noncytolytic CD8+ cell suppressive activity were greater in discordant responders. Cellular activation was greatest in patients with treatment failure. All discordant responders had non-syncytium-inducing (CCR5-tropic) viruses. Viruses from discordant responders and from patients with treatment failure had extensive resistance mutations; discordant responders had significantly lower viral replication capacities. These findings suggest that discordant responses may be related to enhanced HIV-directed immune responses, diminished cellular activation, decreased viral replication capacity, and preservation of non-syncytium-inducing virus strains. 相似文献
975.
Liver dysfunction in Pennsylvania's multitransfused hemophiliacs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dr. Ute Hasiba MD M. Elaine Eyster MD Frances M. Gill MD Mehdi Kajani MD Jessica H. Lewis MD Charles J. Lusch MD David Prager MD Samuel A. Rice MD Sandor S. Shapiro MD 《Digestive diseases and sciences》1980,25(10):776-782
Transaminase values [alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST)] and markers for hepatitis B were serially determined in 558 hemophiliacs exposed to blood products. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) persistent for over 12 months was present in 6% of the patients. Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) was noted in 90% of the 259 patients treated with factor VIII or IX concentrates but in only 49% of the 43 patients treated with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or cryoprecipitate. Persistently abnormal transaminase values were noted in 31% of the patients treated with commercial concentrates but in only one (2%) of the patients exposed to cryoprecipitate or FFP. This difference continued even when the two groups of patients were matched for the amount of blood products, up to 50, 000 units, which they had received in the study period. In the concentrate-treated patients, no correlation could be found between transaminase values and the number of units of factor VIII or IX they had received during the six years of the study (1973–1978).Supported in part by the Pennsylvania Hemophilia Centers and the Pennsylvania State-Wide Hemophilia Program. 相似文献
976.
Global profiling of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1: expression of hypothetical genes and improved functional annotations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Kolker E Picone AF Galperin MY Romine MF Higdon R Makarova KS Kolker N Anderson GA Qiu X Auberry KJ Babnigg G Beliaev AS Edlefsen P Elias DA Gorby YA Holzman T Klappenbach JA Konstantinidis KT Land ML Lipton MS McCue LA Monroe M Pasa-Tolic L Pinchuk G Purvine S Serres MH Tsapin S Zakrajsek BA Zhu W Zhou J Larimer FW Lawrence CE Riley M Collart FR Yates JR Smith RD Giometti CS Nealson KH Fredrickson JK Tiedje JM 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2005,102(6):2099-2104
977.
Wieneke Vlastra MD PhD Astrid C. van Nieuwkerk MD Anne-Sophie G.T. Bronzwaer PhD Adriaan Versteeg BSc Esther E. Bron PhD Wiro J. Niessen MD PhD Henk J.M.M. Mutsaerts MD PhD Björn J.P. van der Ster MSc Charles B.L.M. Majoie MD PhD Geert J. Biessels MD PhD Aart J. Nederveen MD PhD Mat J.A.P. Daemen MD PhD Matthias J.P. van Osch PhD Jan Baan MD PhD Jan J. Piek MD PhD Johannes J. Van Lieshout MD PhD Ronak Delewi MD PhD 《Journal of the American Geriatrics Society》2021,69(2):494-499
978.
979.