4种肿瘤标志物在肺癌病理分型、分期中的临床价值

目的：探讨CEA、SCC-Ag、NSE、CA125与肺癌病理分型以及临床特征之间的关系。方法：应用电化学发光方法检测109例肺癌患者血清中4种肿瘤标志物水平。结果：CEA在腺癌中的水平明显高于其他类型的肺癌（P＝0．003）;SCC-Ag在鳞癌中的水平明显高于其他类型的肺癌（P＝0．006）;NSE 在小细胞肺癌中的水平明显高于其他类型的肺癌（P＝0．001）。CEA在T3、T4分期表达的水平明显高于T1和T2分期（P＝0．041）。NSE和CA125在N2和N3期患者中表达水平明显高于N0和N1期患者（P＜0．05）。CEA在有远处转移的患者中表达水平明显高于无转移的患者（P＝0．038）。CEA和SCC-Ag转移部位越多,其表达越高（P＜0．05）。CEA在Ⅳb 期患者中表达水平明显高于Ⅰ＋Ⅱ＋Ⅲ和Ⅳa 期患者（P＝0．037）。CA125在有胸腔积液的患者中表达水平明显高于无胸腔积液的患者（P＝0．001）。结论：CEA对晚期腺癌的诊断价值较高, SCC-Ag是诊断鳞癌有价值的标志物,NSE对小细胞肺癌有较高的诊断价值。CEA与临床分期正相关,高表达预示分期晚,低表达则对分期参考作用小。CEA及SCC-Ag高浓度应高度警惕有无多部位转移,CA125水平高提示可能存在胸膜转移。     

腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除+回肠原位新膀胱术疗效分析

目的:回顾分析腹腔镜下全膀胱切除+回肠原位新膀胱术的临床疗效与经验.方法:随访了2006年1月-2012年2月采用腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术+回肠原位新膀胱术治疗的87例患者,手术方法为腹腔镜下膀胱全切术+开放新膀胱构建及吻合,并对随访3年的临床数据进行总结分析.结果:大多数患者恢复良好,所有的新膀胱漏尿并发症均被有效处理;仅有1例患者因肠瘘行肠造口,3个月后行肠回纳;术后3年整体生存率为88.5％(77/87),无瘤生存率为92.2％ (71/77);整体控尿功能及肾功能保护方面取得良好效果.结论:腹腔镜下根治性膀胱全切+回肠原位新膀胱术,具有良好的控尿功能和较好的保肾功能,可以明显提高患者生活质量.     

吉非替尼对A549细胞增殖及细胞周期、凋亡的作用

目的：观察吉非替尼对人非小细胞肺癌A549的生长增殖、细胞周期及细胞凋亡的影响。方法：用5—40μmol／L浓度范围内的吉非替尼和A549细胞共培养24、48、72h,采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTr）法检测吉非替尼对细胞增殖的影响;用流式细胞仪检测其对细胞凋亡及细胞周期分布的影响;利用抗Capspase-3的ELISA（酶联免疫吸附）法检测是否发生细胞凋亡。结果：在5—40μmol／L浓度范围内,吉非替尼对A549细胞的增殖有明显的抑制作用,并呈时间和剂量依赖性,以40μmol／L作用72h时的抑制率最高。流式细胞仪检测显示10μmol／L-401μmol／L的吉非替尼作用可使细胞发生G0／G,期阻滞,但即使作用48h也未发现凋亡细胞。ELISA法显示48h内,吉非替尼组与正常细胞组的Capspase-3浓度无统计学差异,但作用72h时出现凋亡。结论：吉非替尼在5—40μmol／L浓度下作用时间小于48h时,其对A549细胞的增殖抑制可能是通过阻滞A549细胞于G0／G1期而非引起细胞凋亡实现的,但作用时间达到72h时,其可以诱导A549发生细胞凋亡。     

Normalizing GDNF expression in the spinal cord alleviates cutaneous hyperalgesia but not ongoing pain in a rat model of bone cancer pain

Bone cancer pain (BCP) is the most common complication in patients with bone cancer. Glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is believed to be involved in chronic pain conditions. In this article, the expression and roles of GDNF were studied in a rat model of BCP induced by tibia injection of Walker 256 rat mammary gland carcinoma cells. Significant mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia and ongoing pain were observed beginning as early as day 5 post injection. The expression level of GDNF protein examined on day 16 after tibia injection was decreased in the L3 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and lumbar spinal cord, but not in other spinal levels or the anterior cingulate cortex. Phosphorylation of Ret, the receptor for GDNF family ligands, was also decreased. Furthermore, normalizing GDNF expression with lentiviral vector constructs in the spinal cord significantly reduced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, spinal glial activation, and pERK induction induced by tibia injection, but did not affect ongoing pain. Together these findings provide new evidence for the use of GDNF as a therapeutic treatment for bone cancer pain states.     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值及血小板与淋巴细胞比值变化在直肠癌新辅助治疗中的意义

目的探讨新辅助治疗前后中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)及血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)变化在直肠癌新辅助治疗中的意义。方法回顾性分析2013年11月至2015年1月山西省肿瘤医院收治的86例接受新辅助治疗的直肠癌患者资料,分析新辅助治疗前后NLR、PLR变化与患者临床病理特征及疗效的关系。结果86例患者治疗后NLR、PLR升高均为43例。直肠癌患者新辅助治疗前后的NLR及PLR变化与患者年龄、性别、TNM分期、淋巴结转移及癌结节数量、肿瘤长径均无关(均P>0.05),肿瘤与肛门距离<6 cm者治疗后NLR、PLR升高者比例均高于≥6 cm者[60.00%(30/50)比36.11%(13/36),χ^2=4.778,P=0.029;64.00%(32/50)比30.56%(11/36),χ^2=9.364,P=0.002];体质量指数≥28 kg/m2者治疗后NLR、PLR升高者比例均高于<28 kg/m2者[81.82%(9/11)比45.33%(34/75),χ^2=5.108,P=0.024;90.91%(10/11)比44.00%(33/75),χ^2=8.444,P=0.004]。治疗后NLR降低组患者的缓解率高于NLR升高组[72.09%(31/43)比51.16%(31/43),χ^2=3.983,P=0.046],而治疗前后PLR变化与患者新辅助治疗效果无关(P>0.05)。结论直肠癌患者新辅助治疗前后NLR变化与其疗效相关。     

Synthesis of manganese-oxide and palladium nanoparticles co-decorated polypyrrole/graphene oxide (MnO2@Pd@PPy/GO) nanocomposites for anti-cancer treatment

Design and fabrication of novel multifunctional nanomaterials as novel “theranostic nanoagents”with high efficiency and low side effects is important for cancer treatment. Herein, we synthesized manganese-oxide and palladium nanoparticle-co-decorated polypyrrole/graphene oxide (MnO₂@Pd@PPy/GO) nanocomposites, which could be used as a novel “theranostic nanoagent” for cancer treatment. Various spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations of the synthesized MnO₂@Pd@PPy/GO nanocomposites suggest that the nanocomposites are assembled sequentially by graphene oxide, polypyrrole, palladium nanoparticles and manganese-oxide nanoplates. Further research revealed that the nanocomposites had excellent photothermal conversion performance (reached near 50 °C after 10 min of irradiation), pH responsive enzymatic-like catalytic activity and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performance (r₁ = 7.74 mM⁻¹ s⁻¹ at pH 5.0 and glutathione (GSH)). Cell experiments also testified that combined cancer treatment (the viability of cancer cells is 30%) with photothermal therapy (PTT, the viability of cancer cells is 91% only with irradiation) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT, the viability of cancer cells is 74.7% only with nanocomposites) guided by MRI was achieved when the as-prepared nanocomposites were employed as theranostic nanoagents. This work could provide some new ideas for the controllable synthesis and application of multicomponent nanomaterials.

Manganese-oxide and palladium nanoparticle-co-decorated polypyrrole/graphene oxide (MnO₂@Pd@PPy/GO) nanoenzyme composites were synthesized, and could be as a novel “theranostic nanoagent” for cancer treatment due to excellent performance.     

糖尿病肾病相关miR-130b-3p靶点的生物信息学预测

目的：预测miR-130b-3p靶基因,并对靶基因的分子功能、生物学进程和信号通路进行富集分析,为深入研究糖尿病肾病相关miR-130b-3p的靶基因功能提供理论基础。方法：通过NCBI和miRbase数据库检索基因。应用Vector NTI软件进行miR-130b-3p序列分析,应用TargetScan,picTar,RNA22,PITA和miRanda软件预测靶基因,通过DAVID 和KEGG 数据库进行靶基因功能与信号通路富集分析。结果：已知成熟的不同物种miR-130b-3p核酸序列高度保守。靶基因主要富集在核质和细胞溶质,分子功能主要富集在蛋白绑定和转录因子激活。经典的miR-130b-3p靶基因集合明显富集于KEGG数据库中的TGF-β、AMPK和内吞作用等7个信号转导通路。疾病富集分析与糖尿病高度相关。结论：成功预测miR-130b-3p靶基因,部分靶基因参与的功能及信号通路与糖尿病肾病发生发展过程密切相关。