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排序方式: 共有2733条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Kanchan Ajbani Shou-Yean Grace Lin Camilla Rodrigues Duylinh Nguyen Francine Arroyo Janice Kaping Lynn Jackson Richard S. Garfein Donald Catanzaro Kathleen Eisenach Thomas C. Victor Valeru Crudu Maria Tarcela Gler Nazir Ismail Edward Desmond Antonino Catanzaro Timothy C. Rodwell 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》2015,59(1):414-420
Reliable molecular diagnostics, which detect specific mutations associated with drug resistance, are promising technologies for the rapid identification and monitoring of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Pyrosequencing (PSQ) has the ability to detect mutations associated with first- and second-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs, with the additional advantage of being rapidly adaptable for the identification of new mutations. The aim of this project was to evaluate the performance of PSQ in predicting phenotypic drug resistance in multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB) clinical isolates from India, South Africa, Moldova, and the Philippines. A total of 187 archived isolates were run through a PSQ assay in order to identify M. tuberculosis (via the IS6110 marker), and to detect mutations associated with M/XDR-TB within small stretches of nucleotides in selected loci. The molecular targets included katG, the inhA promoter and the ahpC-oxyR intergenic region for isoniazid (INH) resistance; the rpoB core region for rifampin (RIF) resistance; gyrA for fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance; and rrs for amikacin (AMK), capreomycin (CAP), and kanamycin (KAN) resistance. PSQ data were compared to phenotypic mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 drug susceptibility testing results for performance analysis. The PSQ assay illustrated good sensitivity for the detection of resistance to INH (94%), RIF (96%), FQ (93%), AMK (84%), CAP (88%), and KAN (68%). The specificities of the assay were 96% for INH, 100% for RIF, FQ, AMK, and KAN, and 97% for CAP. PSQ is a highly efficient diagnostic tool that reveals specific nucleotide changes associated with resistance to the first- and second-line anti-TB drug medications. This methodology has the potential to be linked to mutation-specific clinical interpretation algorithms for rapid treatment decisions. 相似文献
62.
Gustavo A. Moreira Sandra O. Kyosen Camilla L. Patti Ana Maria Martins Sergio Tufik 《Sleep & breathing》2014,18(4):791-797
Purpose
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) encompasses a group of rare lysosomal storage disorders that are associated with the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in organs and tissues. Respiratory disorders occur in all MPS types. In these patients, the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), which may confer additional morbidity, remains overlooked, and the results of the few existing studies are controversial. The present study aimed to characterize the prevalence of OSAS in patients with MPS types I, II, and VI in a reference center.Methods
Forty-five patients with MPS (I, n?=?17; II, n?=?16; and VI; n?=?12) in the Centro de Referência em Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, who underwent full-night polysomnography, were enrolled in a retrospective study. Demographic data and clinical history were collected from medical records of the first medical consultation.Results
The prevalence of OSAS in patients with MPS was 69.8 %. MPS type I patients seemed to be more susceptible to OSA-induced hypoxemia, as indicated by reduced mean SpO2 levels during both NREM and rapid eye movement sleep as well as during SpO2 nadir.Conclusions
Patients with MPS displayed a high prevalence of OSAS, often with moderate to high severity. Together, our results reinforce the need for OSAS screening in all patients with MPS. 相似文献63.
Christine Q Chang Ajay Yesupriya Jessica L Rowell Camilla B Pimentel Melinda Clyne Marta Gwinn Muin J Khoury Anja Wulf Sheri D Schully 《European journal of human genetics : EJHG》2014,22(3):402-408
Candidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) represent two complementary approaches to uncovering genetic contributions to common diseases. We systematically reviewed the contributions of these approaches to our knowledge of genetic associations with cancer risk by analyzing the data in the Cancer Genome-wide Association and Meta Analyses database (Cancer GAMAdb). The database catalogs studies published since January 1, 2000, by study and cancer type. In all, we found that meta-analyses and pooled analyses of candidate genes reported 349 statistically significant associations and GWAS reported 269, for a total of 577 unique associations. Only 41 (7.1%) associations were reported in both candidate gene meta-analyses and GWAS, usually with similar effect sizes. When considering only noteworthy associations (defined as those with false-positive report probabilities ≤0.2) and accounting for indirect overlap, we found 202 associations, with 27 of those appearing in both meta-analyses and GWAS. Our findings suggest that meta-analyses of well-conducted candidate gene studies may continue to add to our understanding of the genetic associations in the post-GWAS era. 相似文献
64.
65.
Sita C. Bennema Ronaldo Guilherme Carvalho Scholte Marcelo Beltr?o Molento Camilla Medeiros Omar dos Santos Carvalho 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(1):35-41
Fasciolosis is a disease of importance for both veterinary and public
health. For the first time, georeferenced prevalence data of Fasciola
hepatica in bovines were collected and mapped for the Brazilian territory
and data availability was discussed. Bovine fasciolosis in Brazil is monitored on a
Federal, State and Municipal level, and to improve monitoring it is essential to
combine the data collected on these three levels into one dataset. Data were
collected for 1032 municipalities where livers were condemned by the Federal
Inspection Service (MAPA/SIF) because of the presence of F.
hepatica. The information was distributed over 11 states: Espírito Santo,
Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro,
Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and São Paulo. The highest prevalence of
fasciolosis was observed in the southern states, with disease clusters along the
coast of Paraná and Santa Catarina and in Rio Grande do Sul. Also, temporal variation
of the prevalence was observed. The observed prevalence and the kriged prevalence
maps presented in this paper can assist both animal and human health workers in
estimating the risk of infection in their state or municipality. 相似文献
66.
67.
Caroline Shams Hakimi Inger Fagerberg Blixter Emma C. Hansson Camilla Hesse Håkan Wallén Anders Jeppsson 《Thrombosis research》2014
Introduction
Bleeding after cardiac surgery may be caused by surgical factors, impaired haemostasis, or a combination of both. Transfusion of blood products is used to improve haemostasis, but little is known about what combination is optimal. We hypothesized that addition of both fibrinogen and platelets to blood samples from cardiac surgery patients would improve clot formation and platelet aggregation to a greater extent than if the components were added separately.Materials and Methods
Increasing doses of fibrinogen concentrate (+ 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g · l- 1) and/or platelet concentrate (+ 46, 92, and 138 × 109 platelets l- 1) were added to postoperative blood samples from 15 cardiac surgery patients. Clot formation was assessed with rotational thromboelastometry and platelet aggregation was assessed with multiple-electrode aggregometry before and after addition of the blood products. The effects of the different additives were compared.Results and Conclusions
Ex vivo supplementation with fibrinogen or platelet concentrate resulted in significantly shortened clotting time and improved clot strength in a dose-dependent manner. Combination of fibrinogen and platelets further improved the clotting time and strength. Platelet supplementation enhanced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner while fibrinogen had no or reducing effect. Combining fibrinogen and platelets improved platelet aggregation less than the use of platelets alone. In conclusion, combined platelet and fibrinogen supplementation of blood samples from cardiac surgery patients had an additive effect on clot formation compared to the individual components, but it resulted in less platelet aggregation than with platelet supplementation alone. These results may have implications for clinical transfusion protocols. 相似文献68.
Benagiano M Munari F Ciervo A Amedei A Paccani SR Mancini F Ferrari M Della Bella C Ulivi C D'Elios S Baldari CT Prisco D de Bernard M D'Elios MM 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(4):1222-1227
Phospholipases are produced from bacterial pathogens causing very different diseases. One of the most intriguing aspects of phospholipases is their potential to interfere with cellular signaling cascades and to modulate the host-immune response. Here, we investigated the role of the innate and acquired immune responses elicited by Chlamydophila pneumoniae phospholipase D (CpPLD) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We evaluated the cytokine and chemokine production induced by CpPLD in healthy donors' monocytes and in vivo activated T cells specific for CpPLD that infiltrate atherosclerotic lesions of patients with C. pneumoniae antibodies. We also examined the helper function of CpPLD-specific T cells for monocyte matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tissue factor (TF) production as well as the CpPLD-induced chemokine expression by human venular endothelial cells (HUVECs). We report here that CpPLD is a TLR4 agonist able to induce the expression of IL-23, IL-6, IL-1β, TGF-β, and CCL-20 in monocytes, as well as CXCL-9, CCL-20, CCL-4, CCL-2, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in HUVECs. Plaque-derived T cells produce IL-17 in response to CpPLD. Moreover, CpPLD-specific CD4(+) T lymphocytes display helper function for monocyte MMP-9 and TF production. CpPLD promotes Th17 cell migration through the induction of chemokine secretion and adhesion molecule expression on endothelial cells. These findings indicate that CpPLD is able to drive the expression of IL-23, IL-6, IL-1β, TGF-β, and CCL-20 by monocytes and to elicit a Th17 immune response that plays a key role in the genesis of atherosclerosis. 相似文献
69.