骨形态发生蛋白信号去除后Sonic hedgehog对小脑颗粒细胞发育的影响

目的:骨形态发生蛋白信号在神经细胞的生长、分化、增殖、凋亡等方面发挥作用,而Sonic hedgehog能调节小脑颗粒细胞的增殖,故实验设计了去除骨形态发生蛋白信号后Sonic hedgehog信号在小脑颗粒细胞发育中作用的观察。方法:实验于2004-11/2005-10在美国费城儿童医院Crenshaw实验室和北京大学医学部解剖学神经研究实验室完成。①实验材料:C57Bl/6J小鼠40只;Bmpr1b敲除鼠系来源于Karen Lyons博士。②实验过程:通过敲除骨形态发生蛋白Ⅰ型受体的Bmpr1a和Bmpr1b两个亚型基因,去除骨形态发生蛋白信号在小脑内的传导。③实验评估:使用原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法检测了新生幼鼠小脑中Sonic hedgehog信号的表达情况。结果:①在胚胎11.5d,磷酸化SMAD免疫阳性的细胞被观察到在正常鼠神经管背侧的菱形唇附近,受体基因双敲除的小鼠背侧神经管中未发现免疫阳性细胞,此结果提示通过骨形态发生蛋白Ⅰ型受体传导的骨形态发生蛋白信号已消失。当小鼠出生后,磷酸化SMAD免疫阳性细胞主要位于正常小鼠的内颗粒层,在基因敲除鼠只有一小部分区域有磷酸化SMAD蛋白的表达。②Sonic hedgehog表达在正常新生鼠小脑的颗粒细胞层和蒲肯野氏细胞层;基因敲除鼠Sonic hedgehog信号只表达在小脑一小部分区域的颗粒细胞层和蒲肯野氏细胞层,而大部分区域则缺少它的表达。PTCH和N-myc在小脑中的表达与Sonic hedgehog表达部位类似。这提示Sonic hedgehog信号及其PTCH和N-myc都参与了小脑颗粒细胞的发育。结论:实验阐明了骨形态发生蛋白信号去除后,Sonic hedgehog信号对小脑颗粒细胞发育所起到的重要作用。     

门诊病历抽评698份质量分析

0　引言　保证门诊病历书写质量是医院为患者提供全方位优质服务的组成部分 ,为使临床医师对门诊病历质量引起足够重视 ,并确保医院门诊病历质量管理制度化 ,要求标准化、书写规范化 ,我们对门诊各级医师的门诊病历书写质量进行了调查统计 ,分析出影响我院门诊病历质量的诸因素 ,提出改进管理措施 .1　材料和方法1 .1　材料　依照三级甲等医院门诊病历书写要求 ,我们制定了具体严格的评定标准 .门诊病历书写内容 :1就诊科室 ;2就诊时间 ;3主诉 (包括主要症状部位及持续时间 ) ;4)现病史 (包括与本次疾病有关的过去史、个人史及家族史 ) ;5 )…     

金菊花乙酸乙酯提取物对大鼠实验性肝损伤的影响

目的：观察金菊花乙酸乙酯提取物（EAEDM）对肝损害的防护作用,方法：建立大鼠急性乙醇中毒肝损害模型,通过大鼠灌胃EAEDM,以对照组对照,测定血清过氧化脂质（MDA）,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－PX）,血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和血清谷草转氨酶（AST）的含量,结果：EAEDM能降低MDA,ALT和AST的活性,减少肝脏MDA的生成,增加GSH－PX的活性,结论：EAEDM对肝损伤具有防护作用。     

Wnt/Β-catenin and sex hormone signaling in endometrial homeostasis and cancer

A delicate balance between estrogen and progestagen signaling underlies proper functioning of the female reproductive tract and, in particular, the monthly re- and degenerative phases characteristic of the menstrual cycle. Here, we propose that the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may underlie this finely tuned hormonal equilibrium in endometrial homeostasis and, upon its constitutive activation, lead to neoplastic transformation of the endometrium. During the menstrual cycle, estradiol will enhance Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the proliferative phase, while progesterone inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling, thus restraining estrogens' proliferative actions, during the secretory phase. In case of enhanced or unopposed estrogen signaling, constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling will trigger endometrial hyperplasia, which may develop further into endometrial cancer.     

SARS患者外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群变化及其临床意义

目的 了解SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化规律及其临床意义。方法 采用免疫细胞化学方法对12例临床确诊SARS患者和20例健康献血员外周血淋巴细胞亚群进行检测。结果12例患者外周血CD~ 、CD_4~ 和CD_8~ 细胞的百分率均较对照组明显降低(P值均<0.05),其中CD_4~ 细胞下降幅度最大;CD_4~ 细胞减少与淋巴细胞降低的关联性最明显(r=0.679,P<0.05)。结论 SARS患者细胞免疫功能存在明显损伤,临床应用糖皮质激素宜严格掌握指征。     

小儿烧伤输液中应用套管针37例

1 临床资料 2003-10/2004-07收治小儿烧伤37例,年龄1月龄-8岁.使用套管针静脉输液.选择粗直、有弹性、无静脉瓣易于固定的血管.常用上肢静脉有掌静脉、头静脉、前臂内侧静脉及重要静脉,下肢常用足背静脉弓及大隐静脉,头皮静脉常选用额正中静脉、颞浅静脉及耳后静脉、额角分支等较粗直的血管.促使血管充盈,以提高穿刺的成功率.     

Motor nerve excitability after childhood Guillain‐Barré syndrome

Residual motor nerve dysfunction after pediatric Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) was determined in an observational cross‐sectional cohort study in patients who previously developed GBS during childhood (<18 years). Ulnar motor nerve dysfunction was defined by compound motor action potential (CMAP) scan in patients after a follow up of at least 1 year compared with age‐matched healthy controls, in relation to clinical course and outcome. A total of 37 persons previously diagnosed with GBS in childhood were included with a mean age at current examination of 20.6 years (4–39 years). The median time between diagnosis and follow‐up was 11 years (range: 1–22 years). CMAP scanning indicated ulnar motor nerve dysfunction in 25 (68%) participants. The most frequent abnormality was a reduction in nerve excitability observed both in those with residual limb weakness and in the majority of those with complete recovery. CMAP scan characteristics were not related to prognostic factors or outcome. In conclusion, GBS in childhood results in residual motor nerve excitability disturbances, even in those completely recovered, probably reflecting altered physiology of regenerated peripheral nerves.