Sandra Weigmann‐Faßbender  Kathrin Pfeil  Theresa Betz  Anja Sander  Klaus Weiß  Burkhard Tnshoff  Birgit Friedmann‐Bette 《Pediatric transplantation》2020,24(1)

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Ali A. Aghdassi  Birgit Schauer  David Duscha  Till Ittermann  Tilman Pickartz  Christoph Budde  Peter Simon  Patryk Moskwa  Marie L. Kromrey  Robin Bülow  Henry Völzke  Jens Kühn  Markus M. Lerch 《Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)》2020,33(3):431-439

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Oliver Klein‐Wiele  Maria Baliota  Kaffer Kara  Matthias Käunicke  Harald Schäfer  Marc Garbrecht  Marwan Abdulghafor  Marietta Garmer  Birgit Hailer 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2018,91(3):402-407

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Jochen Neuhaus  Birgit Schröppel  Martin Dass  Hans Zimmermann  Hartwig Wolburg  Petra Fallier‐Becker  Thomas Gevaert  Claus J. Burkhardt  Hoang Minh Do  Jens‐Uwe Stolzenburg 《Neurourology and urodynamics》2018,37(1):89-98

Aims

To explore the ultrastructure of interstitial cells in the upper lamina propria of the human bladder, to describe the spatial relationships and to investigate cell‐cell contacts.

Methods

Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB‐SEM), 3‐View SEM and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to analyze the 3D ultrastructure of the upper lamina propria in male and female human bladders.

Results

3View‐SEM image stacks as large as 59 × 59 × 17 μm³ (xyz) at a resolution of 16 × 16 × 50 nm³ and high resolution (5 × 5 × 10 nm³) FIB‐SEM stacks could be analyzed. Interstitial cells with myoid differentiation (mIC) and fibroblast like interstitial cells (fIC) were the major cell types in the upper lamina propria. The flat, sheet‐like ICs were oriented strictly parallel to the urothelium. No spindle shaped cells were present. We furthermore identified one branched cell (bIC) with several processes contacting urothelial cells by penetrating the basal membrane. This cell did not make any contacts to other ICs within the upper lamina propria. We found no evidence for the occurrence of telocytes in the upper lamina propria.

Conclusions

Comprehensive 3D‐ultrastructural analysis of the human bladder confirmed distinct subtypes of interstitial cells. We provide evidence for a foremost unknown direct connection between a branched interstitial cell and urothelial cells of which the functional role has still to be elucidated. 3D‐ultrastructure analyses at high resolution are needed to further define the subpopulations of lamina propria cells and cell‐cell interactions.  相似文献   

    

Birgit Heckemann  Sandra Siegrist‐Dreier  Friederike J.S. Thilo  Sabine Hahn 《Journal of clinical nursing》2020,29(5-6):974-986

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Johnna D Wesley  Susanne Pfeiffer  Darius Schneider  David Friedrich  Nikole Perdue  Birgit Sehested-Hansen  William Hagopian  Matthias G von Herrath 《Clinical & Translational Immunology》2021,10(7):e1309

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Miriam Risch  Birgit Vogler  Mria Dux  Karl Messlinger 《The journal of headache and pain》2021,22(1)

BackgroundCalcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is released from activated meningeal afferent fibres in the cranial dura mater, which likely accompanies severe headache attacks. Increased CGRP levels have been observed in different extracellular fluid compartments during primary headaches such as migraine but it is not entirely clear how CGRP is drained from the meninges.MethodsWe have used an in vivo preparation of the rat to examine after which time and at which concentration CGRP applied onto the exposed parietal dura mater appears in the jugular venous blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from the cisterna magna. Recordings of meningeal (dural) and cortical (pial) blood flow were used to monitor the vasodilatory effect of CGRP. In a new ex vivo preparation we examined how much of a defined CGRP concentration applied to the arachnoidal side penetrates the dura. CGRP concentrations were determined with an approved enzyme immunoassay.ResultsCGRP levels in the jugular plasma in vivo were slightly elevated compared to baseline values 5-20 min after dural application of CGRP (10 μM), in the CSF a significant three-fold increase was seen after 35 min. Meningeal but not cortical blood flow showed significant increases. The spontaneous CGRP release from the dura mater ex vivo was above the applied low concentration of 1 pM. CGRP at 1 nM did only partly penetrate the dura.ConclusionsWe conclude that only a small fraction of CGRP applied onto the dura mater reaches the jugular blood and, in a delayed manner, also the CSF. The dura mater may constitute a barrier for CGRP and limits diffusion into the CSF of the subarachnoidal space, where the CGRP concentration is too low to cause vasodilatation.  相似文献   

    

Mario PARSTORFER  Francesca PROFIT  Nadine WEIBERG  Michaela WEHRSTEIN  Alexander BARI  Birgit FRIEDMANN-BETTE 《Journal of rehabilitation medicine》2021,53(2)

ObjectiveRecovery of the quadriceps femoris muscle after anterior ligament reconstruction is impaired. The aim of this study was to investigate satellite cell content and function of the vastus lateralis muscle after anterior ligament reconstruction.MethodsBiopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle of 16 recreational athletes immediately before and again 12 weeks after anterior ligament reconstruction. Total satellite cell number (Pax7⁺), activated (Pax7⁺/MyoD⁺), differentiating (Pax7^–/MyoD⁺), and apoptotic (Pax7⁺/TUNEL⁺) satellite cells, myofibers expressing myosin heavy chain (MHC) I and II, and neonatal MHC (MHCneo) were determined immunohistochemically.ResultsAfter anterior ligament reconstruction, the number of apoptotic satellite cells was significantly (p = 0.019) increased, concomitant with a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in total satellite cell number, with no change in activated and differentiating satellite cell number. MHCneo⁺ myofibers tended towards an increase.CONCLUSIONSatellite cell apoptosis and the reduction in the satellite cell pool might provide an explanation for prolonged quadriceps muscle atrophy after anterior ligament reconstruction.LAY ABSTRACTProtracted muscle atrophy is common after anterior ligament reconstruction, even if athletes adhere to a structured rehabilitation programme. Satellite cells, the stem cells of skeletal muscle, play an important role in recovery of an atrophied muscle. Exercise can activate satellite cells, induce their proliferation, and probably also differentiation of these stem cells. The current study evaluated satellite cell content and function in biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle of 16 recreational athletes immediately before and 12 weeks after anterior ligament reconstruction. After anterior ligament reconstruction, an increased number of satellite cells showed signs of apoptosis (cell death). Furthermore, total satellite cell number was decreased, with no change in the numbers of activated and differentiating satellite cells. The number of regenerating myofibers expressing neonatal myosin tended to increase. In conclusion, satellite cell apoptosis and the reduced satellite cell number might provide an explanation for the impaired muscle recovery after anterior ligament reconstruction.Key words: satellite cells, apoptosis, muscle regeneration, developmental myosin heavy chain, muscular atrophy, quadriceps muscle

Protracted atrophy and weakness of the quadriceps muscle are common after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and/or anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R), even if the patients undergo guided rehabilitation programmes (1–4). Muscle recovery is compromised due to negative changes in the knee extensor muscles, most likely due to impaired neuromuscular function (5), post-surgery inflammation (6) and immobilization (7). After ACL injury, fibrogenic alterations were observed in biopsies obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle of the injured leg (8, 9). Satellite cell (SC) abundance was also reduced compared with biopsies taken from the vastus lateralis muscle of the uninjured leg (8, 10). Furthermore, there was a surprising lack of increase in SC number after regular rehabilitation training (10), as well as after 12 weeks of supervised quadriceps strength training during rehabilitation after ACL-R (3).SCs play an important role in skeletal muscle growth and regeneration (11, 12). Increases in SC number occur after 11–12 weeks of quadriceps strength training in healthy subjects (13–15). The role of SCs in atrophy of human skeletal muscle, however, has scarcely been investigated. In the very few studies on the role of SCs in atrophy of human skeletal muscle (8, 10, 16), loss of SCs with atrophy is not a consistent finding. However, there is some evidence that a particularly severe atrophic environment, as is found, for example, after severe burn injury, has a negative impact on SC number and SC function and can induce SC apoptosis (17). With regard to findings in animal studies, it has been hypothesized that muscle wasting in old age (sarcopaenia) could at least partly be explained by SC dysfunction with increased SC apoptosis due to chronic low-grade systemic inflammation (18). The significantly reduced SC number in biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle after ACL injury (8, 10) and the lack of increase in SC number after resumption of muscular training after ACL-R (3, 10) suggest that ACL injury and/or ACL-R with quadriceps tendon or semitendinosus tendon autografts, respectively, might generate a severe atrophic environment with negative effects on SC number and function.The primary aim of this study was to further investigate the effects of ACL-R on SCs and to determine whether the previously described reduction in SC number might be due to SC apoptosis. The study analysed muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle of recreational athletes immediately before ACL surgery and again after 12 weeks of early rehabilitation.  相似文献   

    

Pia Römer  Birgit Mathes  Tilman Reinelt  Polina Stoyanova  Franz Petermann  Claudia Zierul 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》2020,109(12):2491-2501

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Rose Burns  Denview Magalasi  Philippe Blasco  Elisabeth Szumilin  Estelle Pasquier  Birgit Schramm  Alison Wringe 《Journal of the International AIDS Society》2020,23(3)

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