Recurrent chromosome aberrations in human lung squamous cell carcinomas

Cytogenetic study of seven cases of previously untreated lung squamous cell carcinomas (SQC) is reported. Chromosome numbers vary from 38 to 538, with a majority of hypotriploid karyotypes with complex rearrangements. The numbers of recurrent imbalances were evaluated in considering the average number of chromosomes or chromosome segments in each analyzed metaphase and for each case. In decreasing order of frequency, deficiencies for 3p, 5q, 8p, Y, 5p, 10p, 13, and, to a lesser degree, for 8q, 9, 10q, 11pter, 14, 15, and 21 were observed; the excesses principally involve 1q, 3q, and 7q. In three tumors, homogeneously staining regions were observed at various chromosome sites. Most chromosome rearrangements occurred after breakage in constitutive heterochromatin, and no recurrent breakpoints were found in euchromatin except 11p15. The major consequences of these anomalies may be chromosomal imbalances, leading to hemizygosity and perhaps related to gene dosage, rather than to alterations of genes.     

马缨丹叶的化学成分研究

自马缨丹(Lantana camara L.)叶中分离到六个化合物。经光谱(UV,IR,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR)和化学分析,分别鉴定为齐墩果酮酸(oleanonic acid,Ⅰ),马缨丹甲素(lantadene A,Ⅱ),马缨丹乙素(lantadene B,Ⅲ),lantanilic acid(Ⅳ),icterogenin(Ⅴ)和4′,5-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基黄酮-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(4′,5-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,Ⅵ)。Ⅵ是新化合物,命名为马缨丹黄酮甙(camaroside)。     

药物气相色谱分析专家系统

介绍了药物气相色谱专家系统。该系统共包括六个主要模块:知识库、推理机构、人机接口、知识获取、动态数据库、色谱优化,有分离模式选择、柱系统推荐、知识获取、色谱条件优化等功能。作者用TurboProlog语言,用产生式规则的知识表达方式和正向推理策略在IBMPC/XT机上编程序实现了这一系统。     

Alternating radiotherapy and chemotherapy schedules in small cell lung cancer, limited disease

Sixty-three evaluable patients with limited small cell lung carcinoma were entered into two pilot studies alternating 6 cycles of combination chemotherapy (Doxorubicin 40 mg/m2 d 1; VP16213 75 mg/m2 d 1, 2, 3; Cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m2 d 3, 4, 5, 6; and Methotrexate 400 mg/m2 d 2--plus folinic acid rescue--or Cis-Platinum 100 mg/m2 d 2) with 3 courses of mediastinal radiotherapy as induction treatment. The first course of radiotherapy started 10 days after the second cycle of chemotherapy; there was a 7 day rest between chemotherapy and radiotherapy courses. This 6 month induction treatment was followed by a maintenance chemotherapy. The total mediastinal radiation dose was increased from 4500 rad in the first study to 5500 rad in the second. Both protocols obtained a complete response (CR) rate of greater than 85% (with fiberoptic bronchoscopy and histological verification). Local control at 2 years was 61% in the first study and 82% in the second. Relapse-free survival at 2 years was 32 and 37%, respectively. Toxicity was acceptable. We conclude that our results justify further clinical research in alternating radiotherapy and chemotherapy schedules.     

用二维核磁共振法研究肿足蕨碱的结构

从金星蕨科植物山东肿足蕨(Hypodematium sinense Iwatsuki)的全草分得一种新化合物,通过¹H-¹H COSY谱,¹H-¹³C COSY谱和远程¹H-¹³C COSY谱确定其结构是一种具有苯基取代苯并氮杂环辛四烯新型骨架的生物碱,命名为肿足蕨碱(hypodematine)(Ⅰ)。     

再生障碍性贫血患者造血细胞因子的研究

0 引言再生障碍性贫血（aplastic anemia, AA）是由多种病因引起的骨髓造血功能衰竭，对人类健康有极大的危害性. 其发病机制尚未完全阐明，目前认为与细胞免疫功能紊乱密切相关［1-3］. 我们对50例AA患者血清进行了IL-8, IL-6, IFN-α和TNF-α系列检测，探讨其在AA发病中的意义.     

STAT-3基因腺病毒介导感染ARIP、AR42J细胞的表达

目的:探测4种腺病毒液在胰腺源ARIP、AR42J细胞中的表达,为基因改造干预干细胞分化治疗糖尿病的进一步研究提供基础。方法:①扩增、纯化STAT-3 WT、STAT-3 DN、STAT-3 CA、STAT-3 GF 4种质粒;脂质体转染法转染质粒进入人胚肾293腺病毒包装细胞系,Hela细胞作为包装细胞的对照细胞。②生产含4种基因组合的腺病毒,腺病毒检测、鉴定。③常规与盖玻片法ARIP、AR42J等细胞培养;含目的基因的腺病毒液感染目标细胞。④荧光显微镜观察感染后细胞的基因表达。结果:STAT-3腺病毒基因载体生产了较高滴度(病毒滴度为6 X106pfu/ml)的腺病毒,用含目的基因的腺病毒对靶细胞感染3 d后,荧光显微镜观察到ARIP等细胞中绿色荧光蛋白成功、高效的阳性表达报告。结论:腺病毒介导STAT-3 WT、STAT-3 DN、STAT-3 CA、STAT-3 GF进入ARIP细胞的良好表达为STAT-3基因改造病毒感染干预干细胞分化的进一步相关研究提供了重要依据。     

Ferruginous bodies in sputum as an indication of exposure to airborne mineral fibers in the mesothelioma villages of Cappadocia

The counts of ferruginous bodies (pulmonary-coated mineral fibers) in sputum samples from inhabitants in each of the two agricultural villages of Karain and Tusk?y (Cappadocia, central Turkey) increased with subjects' age, whereas 94% of samples collected in the neighboring villages were free of ferruginous body. These findings are consistent with the previous hypothesis that the very high frequency of mesothelioma in Karain and Tusk?y was related to exposure to airborne mineral fibers of natural origin.     

Inhibition by phospholipids of haemolytic action of asbestos.

Haemolysis by asbestos fibres results from an increase in membrane permeability and not from rupture of red blood cells (RBC). The effect of chrysotile asbestos on RBC is at least partly, if not completely, attributable to lipid extraction and adsorption on to the fibres. This was suggested by the hyperbolic relationship between the haemolytic activity of chrysotile and the relative concentration of both chrysotile and RBC. Moreover, it was shown that pre-incubation of chrysotile with lipids, either as RBC membranes or with pure lipids in the form of liposomes, prevents haemolysis.