全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7051篇 |
免费 | 685篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 103篇 |
儿科学 | 230篇 |
妇产科学 | 175篇 |
基础医学 | 963篇 |
口腔科学 | 134篇 |
临床医学 | 687篇 |
内科学 | 1381篇 |
皮肤病学 | 80篇 |
神经病学 | 769篇 |
特种医学 | 428篇 |
外科学 | 959篇 |
综合类 | 133篇 |
一般理论 | 5篇 |
预防医学 | 693篇 |
眼科学 | 40篇 |
药学 | 395篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 566篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 107篇 |
2019年 | 93篇 |
2018年 | 97篇 |
2017年 | 82篇 |
2016年 | 98篇 |
2015年 | 95篇 |
2014年 | 158篇 |
2013年 | 203篇 |
2012年 | 294篇 |
2011年 | 300篇 |
2010年 | 191篇 |
2009年 | 180篇 |
2008年 | 301篇 |
2007年 | 324篇 |
2006年 | 287篇 |
2005年 | 307篇 |
2004年 | 288篇 |
2003年 | 276篇 |
2002年 | 251篇 |
2001年 | 247篇 |
2000年 | 243篇 |
1999年 | 239篇 |
1998年 | 74篇 |
1997年 | 75篇 |
1996年 | 71篇 |
1995年 | 57篇 |
1992年 | 140篇 |
1991年 | 174篇 |
1990年 | 180篇 |
1989年 | 172篇 |
1988年 | 140篇 |
1987年 | 147篇 |
1986年 | 133篇 |
1985年 | 153篇 |
1984年 | 112篇 |
1983年 | 98篇 |
1982年 | 64篇 |
1981年 | 62篇 |
1980年 | 59篇 |
1979年 | 86篇 |
1978年 | 68篇 |
1977年 | 65篇 |
1976年 | 64篇 |
1975年 | 61篇 |
1974年 | 78篇 |
1973年 | 74篇 |
1972年 | 67篇 |
1971年 | 61篇 |
1969年 | 65篇 |
1968年 | 49篇 |
排序方式: 共有7742条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
72.
73.
This study was undertaken to examine the prevalence of bronchitis (cough with phlegm) symptoms in teenagers who either smoked cigarettes on a regular basis (active smokers) or were non-smokers but who are exposed to passive smoking (passive smokers) in the home. The study was undertaken in 1995 and repeated in 1998. The 1995 study was a cross sectional questionnaire survey of smoking habits in secondary school children aged 13-14 years and was undertaken as part of the ISAAC questionnaire survey. Thirty representative and randomly selected schools from throughout the Republic of Ireland took part in the study. In the 1995 study, 3066 students completed a questionnaire on their current smoking habits and symptoms of cough and phlegm. We found that 634 (20.7%) of these young teenagers actively smoked cigarettes with significantly more females smoking than males with 23.3% of girls compared to 17.6% boys (p = 0.0001). We found that 46.3% of non-smoking children were exposed to smoking in the home (passive smokers) with parental smoking accounting for most of the passive smoking. Bronchitis symptoms were more commonly reported in active smokers compared to non-smokers with an odds ratio of 3.02 (95% CI 2.34-3.88) (p < 0.0001) or in passive smokers compared to those not exposed to smoking with odds ratio of 1.82 (95% CI 1.32-2.52) (p < 0.0001). The 1998 study showed similar results for smoking habits, passive smoking and prevalence of bronchitis symptoms as with the 1995 study. These results document that increased bronchitis symptoms occur in teenagers exposed to active or passive smoking. 相似文献
74.
Sulkowski MS Felizarta F Smith C Slim J Berggren R Goodman R Ball L Khalili M Dieterich DT;Hepatitis Resource Network Clinical Trials Group 《Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)》2004,35(5):464-472
Among HIV-infected persons, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have evaluated the safety and efficacy of interferon alfa (IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy in co-infected persons. Accordingly, a randomized, controlled, open-label, multicenter trial was conducted to establish the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of IFN alfa-2b 3 mIU daily plus RBV 800 mg/d compared with IFN alfa-2b 3 mIU thrice weekly (TIW) plus RBV 800 mg/d in HCV treatment-naive, HIV-infected subjects with compensated liver disease and stable HIV disease. The primary endpoint was sustained virologic response (SVR), defined as an undetectable HCV RNA level 24 weeks after discontinuation of HCV therapy. At study entry, subjects in both groups were similar with respect to age, gender, HCV genotype, and HIV disease status. Of 180 randomized subjects, 162 received at least 1 dose of study medication, constituting the modified intention-to-treat population. After 12 weeks of therapy, 122 (75%) had serum HCV RNA levels assessed; of these subjects, early virologic response (undetectable HCV RNA or >2 log10 decrease from baseline) was observed in 33 (42%) and 13 (16%) of subjects taking daily and TIW IFN, respectively (P < 0.001). SVR was observed in 15 (19.0%) and 7 (8.4%) of subjects taking daily and TIW IFN, respectively (P = 0.05). Adverse events were similar in both groups. However, while no deaths or opportunistic infections were observed, nearly 30% of subjects stopped treatment due to adverse events and 7 subjects experienced a serious adverse event. In conclusion, SVR was achieved in 19% of HIV/HCV coinfected subjects treated with daily IFN plus RBV, but the effectiveness of therapy was substantially diminished by relatively high rates of treatment-related toxicity. 相似文献
75.
Madan Jagasia Jennifer Giglia Wichai Chinratanalab Sheri Dixon Heidi Chen Haydar Frangoul Brian Engelhardt Stacey Goodman John Greer Adetola Kassim David Morgan Katherine Ruffner Friedrich Schuening 《Biology of blood and marrow transplantation》2007,13(10):1207-1215
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), a common complication after stem cell transplant (SCT), has an impact on morbidity and survival. Previous classification of cGVHD has not been reproducible or prognostic for nonrelapse mortality (NRM). Recently the National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus criteria were proposed, but the ability of this classification to predict outcome of various subtypes of cGVHD is unknown. Patients (N = 110) undergoing an SCT for a hematologic malignancy and surviving until day 100 posttransplant from 2001 to 2003 were studied. The overall survival (OS) using a landmark analysis at day 100 was 44% versus 66% (no GVHD vs. GVHD, P = .026). The OS of patients with various types of GVHD as proposed by the NIH criteria were significantly different (P < .0001). In a univariate analyses, this was more apparent when patients with any acute features of GVHD were compared to classic cGVHD (3-year OS 46% vs. 68%, P = .033). The 3-year NRM for the entire cohort was 21%, and was not affected by presence or absence of GVHD or subtypes of GVHD. In a multivariable analysis, extensive cGVHD (hazard ratio [HR] 0.35, P = .015) and having any acute feature of GVHD after day 100 (HR 3.36, P = .0144) were significant independent predictors of survival. The OS with different NIH subtypes of GVHD after day 100 from SCT varies, and is superior for patients with classic cGVHD. 相似文献
76.
77.
Quantitative immunoassay of Treponema denticola serovar C in adult periodontitis. 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7 下载免费PDF全文
Murine monoclonal antibodies specific for Treponema denticola serovar C were produced and characterized in this study. An immunoassay was then developed by using these monoclonal antibodies, and the T. denticola serovar C antigen content of subgingival plaque was quantitated for samples taken from patients with periodontitis and healthy volunteers. The human subgingival plaque samples were grouped by severity of disease and pocket depth measurements at the collection site. The T. denticola serovar C content per milligram of subgingival plaque from deep pockets (greater than 6 mm) of patients with severe periodontitis was found to be twice that of samples collected from deep pockets (4 to 6 mm) of patients with moderate periodontitis or samples collected from healthy subjects (pocket depth, less than 4 mm). 相似文献
78.
H Burkhardt R Holmdahl R Deutzmann H Wiedemann H von der Mark S Goodman K von der Mark 《European journal of immunology》1991,21(1):49-54
Immunization of certain strains of mice with native type II collagen (CII) induces both development of arthritis and an antibody response to autologous CII. The autoantibody response in a high-responder strain, the DBA/1 mouse, has been described earlier, and a number of monoclonal antibodies have been characterized for arthritogenicity and autoreactive binding to cartilage in vivo and in vitro. Here we map the antigenic epitope of one of these arthritogenic monoclonal antibodies (CII-C1). It belongs to a group of antibodies recognizing the CNBr fragment alpha 1(II)-CB11 of CII. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique, we show that the antibody reacts only with native, triplehelical CII, but not with other collagens. The antibody is able to stain specifically the CB11 fragment by immunoblotting, suggesting some partial renaturation of the CNBr fragment into triple-helical structures after blotting. The binding site of CII-C1 on CB11 was further focused by rotary shadowing of antibody-labeled CII to a site 89 +/- 8 nm from the amino end of CII, corresponding to the middle of CB11. This location was confirmed by cleavage of CB11 with trypsin, separation of the tryptic peptides by high-performance liquid chromatography and dot-blot analysis of the antigenic peptides with the CII-C1 antibody. Sequencing of the single positive peptide located the antigenic epitope within the sequence GFAGQAGPAGATGAPGRP (residues 316-333). Assuming 0.29 nm per residue, this corresponds to a position within 92-96.5 nm from NH2 terminal end of CII. Apart from glycine residues, which are not exposed on the triple-helical structure, only two amino acid residues (F-x-y-Q) are conserved in CII from different species but are not found in the triple-helix of other collagens except type IV collagen. Therefore, this structure is likely to be of critical importance for the binding of the CII-C1 antibody. Of potential importance is that this structure is also found in certain other arthritogenic proteins such as 65-kDa mycobacterial protein, in CMV and EBV. 相似文献
79.
A comparison of paraganglioma, carcinoid tumor, and small-cell carcinoma of the larynx 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
P B Googe J A Ferry A K Bhan G R Dickersin B Z Pilch M Goodman 《Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine》1988,112(8):809-815
Laryngeal paraganglioma, carcinoid tumor, and small-cell carcinoma are rare. Histologically they are similar to analogous tumors in other locations but may be difficult to identify in small biopsy specimens. We compared the light microscopic, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic features of two laryngeal paragangliomas, one carcinoid tumor, and six small-cell carcinomas. The paraganglioma chief cells stained with Grimelius stain and for chromogranin and neuron-specific enolase. The carcinoid tumor cells stained with Grimelius stain and for chromogranin, serotonin, neuron-specific enolase, and keratin. The small-cell carcinoma cells stained for keratin and neuron-specific enolase. The patients with paragangliomas and carcinoid tumor remain healthy through 20 months of follow-up. Four of the patients with small-cell carcinomas have died. Distinction between these tumors is warranted by differing histologic appearances, staining characteristics, and biologic behavior. 相似文献
80.
Kathleen R. Ambrose Dennis E. Rice Mark M. Goodman F. F. Knapp Jr. 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1987,13(7):374-379
The metabolism of two new 3-methyl-branched iodovinyl fatty acids in rat hearts was evaluated by determining the subcellular and lipid pool distribution of these radiolabeled analogues after intravenous injection. Methyl branching had been introduced into the straight chain analogue, 19-iodo-18-nonadecenoic acid (IVN), to produce the monomethyl analogue, 19-iodo-3-(R,S)-methyl-18-nonadecenoic acid (BMIVN) and the dimethyl derivative, 19-iodo-3,3-dimethyl-18-nonadecenoic acid (DMIVN) in the hope of inhibiting oxidation. Since the presence of 3-methyl branching results in delayed myocardial clearance in rats, differences were sought in the lipid and subcellular distribution of these branched analogues that might correlate with the prolonged retention and reflect differences in metabolism. Hearts of rats injected intravenously with the radiolabeled fatty acids were removed and homogenized and the homogenates partitioned between the chloroform-methanol (organic) fraction and the aqueous fraction. Comparison of the distribution of radioactivity between the organic and aqueous fractions showed that most of the DMIVN and BMIVN activity was in the organic fraction with IVN activity initially divided equally between the two fractions. Identification of the lipid components of these organic fractions showed that there was slow incorporation of DMIVN into the triglyceride and polar lipid fractions with a slow loss from the free fatty acid fraction. With the straight chain IVN analogue which shows rapid washout from rat hearts, there was loss of activity from all 3 lipid components during the 60 min. The monomethyl branched BMIVN analogue demonstrated predominant storage in the polar lipid fraction with some incorporation into triglycerides. Subcellular distribution studies of the three analogues also showed differences that correlated with the observed differences in heart retention properties. With the unbranched IVN analogue, radioactivity was found primarily in the cytoplasmic fraction 30 min after injection, whereas the branched analogues demonstrated a much higher association with the microsomal and mitochondrial fractions of the heart. In rats fed prior to injection, these differences in the subcellular distribution profiles were minimized. The lipid and subcellular distribution patterns reported here for the methyl branched analogues as compared to those of the straight chain iodovinyl fatty acid may provide some understanding as to the mechanisms of retention in rat myocardium.Research supported by the Office of Health and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC0 5-840 R21400 with Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. 相似文献