改良应用股骨髓腔绞刀行腰椎椎间植骨融合术

目的探讨应用普通股骨髓腔扩大绞刀代替专用的椎间植骨器械,进行腰椎后路椎间植骨融合术的临床经验体会,评估治疗效果。方法对我院34例应用股骨髓腔绞刀进行腰椎后路椎间植骨融合术的病例资料,进行回顾性分析。结果本组34例无围手术期硬膜及神经根损伤,无伤感染和和植骨块松脱。随访5～6年,植骨全部于6～8个月愈合,无一例植骨塌陷。按Machnab标准评定：优21例,良11例,可2例,差0例,优良率94.12%。结论改良应用股骨髓腔扩大绞刀代替专用的椎间植骨器械,作椎间植骨床的准备,效果满意,安全方便。     

护理干预对乳腺癌患者疾病不确定感及社会支持的影响

目的：探讨护理干预对乳腺癌患者疾病不确定感及社会支持的影响。方法选取本院2013年3月~2014年3月收治的60例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各30例。对照组给予常规护理及基础健康教育,干预组在对照组的基础上给予个性化护理干预,比较两组干预前后的社会支持、MUIS评分。结果两组干预后的MUIS、社会支持评分显著优于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组干预后的MUIS评分显著低于对照组,社会支持评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对乳腺癌患者实施护理干预,能够减轻患者对疾病的不确定感,增加其社会支持,改善其心理状态,提升其生活质量,值得临床推广应用。     

硫酸锌对高脂喂养载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠主动脉基质金属蛋白酶-9和CD40表达的影响

目的探讨硫酸锌对高脂喂养载脂蛋白E（ApoE）基因敲除小鼠血脂和氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxLDL）水平,及主动脉中基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP-9）和细胞分化抗原40（CD40）mRNA表达的影响。方法 AopE基因敲除小鼠连续14周喂饲高脂饲料,同时分别给予小鼠浓度为2.5、25 mmol/L硫酸锌水溶液作为低剂量组和高剂量组。测定小鼠血脂和oxLDL水平,并测定主动脉中MMP-9和CD40 mRNA表达水平。结果低剂量组和高剂量组小鼠血清中甘油三酯和oxLDL水平明显低于动脉粥样硬化（AS）模型组（P〈0.01）。低剂量组和高剂量组小鼠主动脉MMP-9 mRNA和CD40 mRNA水平与AS模型组没有差异。结论补充硫酸锌降低了AS模型动物的甘油三酯和oxLDL水平,具有潜在的抗AS作用,但对主动脉MMP-9和CD40 mRNA表达无影响。     

成人腰椎滑脱症手术治疗进展

腰椎滑脱症是临床上的常见病和多发病,主要症状为下腰部疼痛,可有间歇性跛行及神经根性痛等下肢神经症状,越来越多的患者正饱受其困扰。随着医学技术的不断发展,本病的手术治疗也在不断发展和完善,但其临床表现复杂,目前对其治疗方式的选择尚未达成统一的认识,其手术治疗方式的选择仍在争论和探索。本文对近年手术治疗腰椎滑脱症的相关文献资料进行回顾与总结。     

Use of ginger to control nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in patients with cervical cancer undergoing treatment: An experiment

Introduction:Uterine cervix tumors have an invasive nature, with the capacity to proliferate to surrounding organs such as the vagina, bladder, and rectum, as well as the capacity for dissemination and involvement of structures distant from its place of origin. According to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, patients with stages IB I, IB I microscopic (small dimension <4 cm) are indicated for radiotherapy or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin (40 mg/m²). However, cisplatin has side effects such as hematological implications (anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia), gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation), and fatigue. Zingiber officinale contains bioactive compounds that act on pregnancy and postoperative nausea, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and also in the management of fatigue, myalgia, and insomnia. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ginger on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with cervical cancer undergoing treatment with cisplatin and radiotherapy.Methods and analyses:A randomized intervention clinical and controlled trial with a triple-blind design is described, comparing the effects of institutional antiemetic therapy alone, as well as in combination with 2 different ginger concentrations.Ethics and dissemination:Due to the nature of the study, we obtained approval from the Division Ethics Committee of Liga Contra o Câncer. All participants signed an informed consent form prior to randomization. The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals. The data collected will also be available in a public repository of data.Trial registration number:This study is registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials under number RBR-47yx6p9. This study was approved by the Division Ethics Committee of Liga Contra o Câncer under CAAE 40602320.0.0000.5293.     

玻璃酸钠联合曲安奈德关节腔内注射治疗膝骨性关节炎的疗效观察

目的：观察玻璃酸钠联合曲安奈德关节腔内注射治疗骨性膝关节炎的疗效。方法：将101例患者随机分为4组,联合治疗组选择30例骨性膝关节炎患者,关节腔内联合注射玻璃酸钠和曲安奈德,玻璃酸钠每周1次,共5次,曲安奈德第1周和第3周注射,共2次。曲安奈德组仅关节腔内注入曲安奈德。玻璃酸钠组仅关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠。对照组仅关节腔内注射0.9%氯化钠溶液。观察和比较治疗前、治疗后1个月和治疗后6个月膝关节功能评分结果。结果：治疗后1个月和治疗后6个月膝关节功能评分显著好转,并疗效优于单用玻璃酸钠或曲安奈德（P〈0.05）。结论：玻璃酸钠联合曲安奈德关节腔内注射可以明显改善骨性膝关节炎的临床症状,远期效果较好,而且副作用少。     

食管癌110例三维适形放射治疗的疗效观察

目的:观察三维适形放射治疗食管癌的疗效.方法:采用放射治疗食管癌110例,200cGy/次,1次/天,总量为6000～7000cGy/32～35次.三维适形治疗60例,常规治疗50例.结果:三维适形放射治疗与常规放疗治疗食管癌的1、2、3年局部控制率分别为78.3％、66.7％、56.6％和54％、46％、30％,差异有统计学意义(x2=7.05,P＜0.05).1、2、3年生存率分别为78.3％、66.7％、45％和51％、41％,27％,差异有统计学意义(x2=6.34,P＜0.05).结论:三维适形放射治疗食管癌近期疗效较常规放疗疗效好.     

人卵促性腺激素释放肽（hF－GRP）及其类似物合成和生物活性初探

用固相法合成了ｈＦ－ＧＲＰ及其１５个类似物。全部裂解均用三氟甲磺酸完成。产物总收率６０％～８０％。对所有合成肽进行了影响离体的小鼠垂体分泌ＬＨ的活性筛选。结果表明，当合成肽的浓度为０．０５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时：（１）将ｈＦ－ＧＲＰ的Ｃ端ＣＯＯＨ变成ＣＯＮＨ２，活性变化不大；（２）Ｃ端残基Ａｓｎ１４被Ｐｈｅ替换后刺激垂体分泌ＬＨ的活性明显高于ｈＦ－ＧＲＰ；（３）Ｔｈｒ３被Ｔｙｒ替换后片段ｈＦ－ＧＲＰ（３～１３）有抑制ＬＨ分泌的活性；（４）其余类似物与空白对照相似。     

Mandibulofacial dysostosis, acral anomalies and frontonasal dysplasia: a new form of acrofacial dysostosis

We describe a stillborn female with acrofacial dysostosis and frontonasal dysplasia. She had protrusion of the forehead, with marked hypertelorism and absence of the nose but with the rhinencephalon present. Autopsy showed wide cranial sutures, severe hydrocephalus with separation of the right and left hemispheres of the brain, preservation of the olfactory bulb and first and second cranial nerves. The child also had small kidneys bilaterally, rectal atresia and an absent anus with rectovaginal fistula. These clinical findings suggest a new form of acrofacial dysostosis.