甲状腺激素对巨噬细胞生成NO的影响

一氧化氮（ｎｉｔｒｉｃｏｘｉｄｅ,ＮＯ）是一种无机小分子,多种生物细胞能产生ＮＯ。自１９８７年实验证明ＮＯ就是内皮源性舒张因子（ＥＤＲＦ）后,更加引起人们对ＮＯ生物学功能的研究和关注。研究发现ＮＯ是一种新型细胞间信使因子,为神经递质和免疫调节的效应分子,具有广泛的生物学功能,参与机体的多种生理及病理过程,对机体的神经内分泌免疫功能具有调节作用〔１,２〕。巨噬细胞（ｍａｃｒｏｐｈａｇｅｓ,Ｍ）是机体重要的抗原呈递细胞,也是参与免疫应答的主要免疫细胞。巨噬细胞可生成ＮＯ〔３〕,ＮＯ具有杀伤肿瘤细胞…     

雷帕霉素纳米粒滴眼液联合环孢素A缓释膜治疗兔高危角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应的研究

Objective To evaluate the combined effect of topical rapamycin (RAPA) eye drop in nanometer vector and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) wafers of cyclospoirne A(CsA) in the prevention of acute allograft rejection after rabbit corneal transplantation. Methods It was an experimental study. RAPA was incorporated into the nanometer particles and CsA was incorporated into PLA wafers. A was syngeneic control whose both donor and recipient are New Zealand rabbit. Gray donor corneas were implanted into the 102 recipients of New Zealand albino rabbits with corneal neovascularization who were randomly divided into B, C, D, E, F, G 6 groups to receive the different types of therapy: B was no therapy control; C was eye drop of nanometer vector but no RAPA twice a day,28 days; D was PLA wafers in the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes but no drugs; E was 0.5% RAPA eye drop of nanometer vector twice a day,28 days; F was PLA wafers of CsA in the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes; G was PLA wafers of CsA in the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes and 0.5% RAPA eye drop of nanometer vector eye drop twice a day for 28 days together. Postoperative evaluation included slit-lamp biomicroscopy, histopathology and immunohistoiogy, Cytokines related with neovascularization and immunosuppression in the corneal tissue by RT-PCR. The graft survival was assessed by One-Way ANOVA and q test. Results Corneal allograft survival time: A (100.00±0.00), B ( 8.44±1.24), C (8.89±2.57), D (8.56±2.30), E (43.11±5.58), F (43.67±9.54), G (72.00±15.34)d. Group G led to a statistically significant prolongation of transplant survival and was superior than group E and F which was a statistical prolongation compared with group B, C and D (qGE=11.42, qGF=11.24,qEB=13.64, qEC=13.38, q<=13.46, qFB=13. 82, qFC=13.56, qFD=13.64; P<0.01). Immunohistopathologically, the grafts were subjected to an immune response contained a dense infiltrate of neutorphils,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the group B ,C and D. This cellular infiltrate was a significant reduction in group E,F,G. RT-PCR showed that the gene expression of IL-2 was inhibited earlier (3 days) in group F, G and VEGF gene expression being suppressed later (14 days) in group E, G. Conclusions Combined therapy with topical application of RAPA eye drop of nanometer vector and CsA PLA wafers can significantly prolong the survival of allograft at high-risk. Moreover, topical combined treatment of them is more effective, lower dosage, less side-effects and cheaper than the treatment with topical individual immunosuppressive drug.     

雷帕霉素纳米粒滴眼液联合环孢素A缓释膜治疗兔高危角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应的研究

目的 探讨局部联合应用雷帕霉素(RAPA)纳米粒滴眼液与环孢素A(CsA)缓释膜治疗兔高危角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应的效果和协同机制.方法 实验研究.(1)制备0.5%聚乳酸/胆固醇改性壳聚糖RAPA纳米粒滴眼液和聚乳酸/聚乙二醇CsA缓释膜.(2)设A组为同源对照组(17只兔),供受体均为新西兰白兔.建立102只(102只眼)新西兰白兔角膜新生血管模型,采用随机数字表法将其分为B、C、D、E、F、G6组,每组17只,供体为青紫兰兔,各组行穿透性角膜移植术.A组同源对照组;B组未治疗组;C组空白纳米粒滴眼液滴眼,每天2次共28 d;D组术中前房植入空白缓释膜;E组0.5%RAPA纳米粒滴眼液滴眼,每天2次共28 d;F组术中前房植入CsA缓释膜;G组术中前房植入CsA缓释膜并0.5%RAPA纳米粒滴眼液滴眼,每天2次共28 d.(3)术后观察100 d,隔天用显微镜观察角膜植片情况,记录免疫排斥反应发生时间和程度.(4)术后3、14、28及35 d用CD4和CD8单克隆抗体行免疫组织化学检查;用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测植片白细胞介素2(IL-2)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达.应用单因素方差分析和q检验,比较各组角膜植片平均存活时间.结果 各组兔眼角膜植片存活时间分别为A组(100.00±0.00)d、B组(8.44±1.24)d、C组(8.89±2.57)d、D组(8.56±2.30)d、E组(43.11±5.58)d、F组(43.67±9.54)d、G组(72.00±15.34)d.G组较E、F组,E、F组较B、C、D组,能显著延长角膜植片存活(qGE=11.42,qGF=11.24,qEB=13.64,qEC=13.38,qED=13.46,qFB=13.82,qFC=13.56,qFD=13.64;均P<0.01).免疫组织化学检查显示,B、C、D组术后14 d左右角膜植片中CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞大量聚集,呈进行性加重;E、F组术后35 d左右角膜植床与植片中CIM+和CD8+T淋巴细胞数开始出现;G组术后60 d以后,植片中CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞浸润.角膜植片RT-PCR检查显示,A组IL-2和VEGF始终未表达;F、G组IL-2表达在3 d开始被抑制;E、G组VEGF表达在14 d开始被抑制.结论 局部联合应用药物缓释剂治疗高危角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应较单独用药效果好,联合用药能减少单独用药的剂量和毒副作用.     

碘对诱发实验性自身免疫性甲状腺炎形成的影响

目的建立诱发型实验性自身免疫性甲状腺炎(EAT)动物模型,研究碘对诱发EAT形成的影响,进一步探讨其可能的作用机制。方法:采用雌性Lewis大鼠诱发EAT并饲以不同碘含量的饮食,观察各组大鼠甲状腺病理改变、血清中Tg自身抗体水平、血清中甲状腺激素水平、脾细胞分泌TNF水平和甲状腺FasmRNA表达水平。结果1.诱发EAT的HI组大鼠炎症范围较广,为较重度炎症。NI组显示为轻度炎症,且为恢复期。LI组显示为滤泡内少量淋巴细胞浸润。2.诱发EAT的HI、NI和LI组大鼠血清中均出现较高水平的Tg自身抗体,3组间无显著性差异。3.诱发EAT的HI组大鼠脾细胞分泌TNE水平高于NI和LI组(P<0.05)。4.诱发EAT的HI、NI和LI组大鼠甲状腺FasmRNA的表达水平均较各自未诱发EAT的大鼠明显升高,其中HI组高于同组的NI和LI组,P<0.01。结论1.高碘饮食可使已诱发EAT的Lewis大鼠甲状腺组织炎症加重且炎症反应持续时间较长,考虑与脾细胞分泌的TNF水平和甲状腺FasmRNA的表达水平较高有关。2.未发现甲状腺组织炎症的程度与自身抗体水平相关。     

碘对易感性不同大鼠诱发自身免疫性甲状腺炎的影响

目的研究碘对实验性自身免疫性甲状腺炎(EAT)易感性不同大鼠诱发EAT的影响,进一步探讨碘和易感性在自身免疫性甲状腺炎(AT)发病中的影响。方法采用猪甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)对不同碘摄入量的Lewis大鼠(EAT易感品系)和Wistar大鼠(EAT非易感品系)进行免疫,诱发EAT形成。观察大鼠甲状腺组织的病理改变和炎细胞浸润程度,用放射免疫分析法检测血清中Tg鄄Ab、TPO(甲状腺过氧化物酶)鄄Ab和甲状腺激素(TT3、TT4)水平。结果①诱发EAT的各组大鼠甲状腺组织均有不同程度的炎细胞浸润,不同碘水平的Lewis大鼠诱发EAT的甲状腺炎症反应均重于诱发EAT的Wistar大鼠,且甲状腺的炎症反应随碘摄入量的增加而加重。②诱发EAT的Lewis大鼠TPO鄄Ab水平明显高于Wistar大鼠各EAT组(P<0.01)。Tg鄄Ab和TPO鄄Ab水平随着碘摄入量的增加亦有升高的趋势。③100倍碘水平的各组T4水平下降(P<0.05),各组的血清T3水平比较差异无统计学意义。结论①EAT易感的Lewis大鼠诱发EAT的甲状腺炎症反应和血清中TPO鄄Ab水平均明显高于EAT非易感的Wistar大鼠。②碘摄入量的增加明显加重EAT的炎症反应,在EAT易感的Lewis大鼠中表现更为明显。③诱发EAT大鼠的甲状腺组织炎症程度和TPO鄄Ab水平相一致。因此,可认为TPO鄄Ab与EAT的发生、发展及甲状腺病变程度的关系更     

血点纸片法酶联免疫检测载脂蛋白B的研究

载脂蛋白 B(Apo B)作为低密度脂蛋白(LDL)受体的一种识别标记,在调节胆固醇代谢中起着重要作用,通常认为,血清中 Apo B 增高是动脉粥样硬化发生的重要因索。为此我们进行了血点纸片酶联免疫检测 Apo B 的研究,该方法回收率平均为107.86%,批内、批间变异系数分别平均为3.53%、6.90%。并测定了24例正常人和121例冠心病人(分为高、低胆固醇组)Apo B 含量分别为:43.77±13.73 mg/dl 和90.52±27.67 mg/dl、56.87±21.85 mg/dl。本法操作简便、灵敏、特异,采血容易,样品便于保存和运送,适用于普查工作的开展,对心血管等疾病研究和诊断治疗有一定临床应用价值。     

反复发作扁桃体炎患儿的免疫功能测定

扁桃体是肠相关淋巴组织,对于免疫功能尚未健全的儿童至为重要。当前对治疗慢性扁桃体炎的扁桃体切除是否合理,以及如何掌握时机观点尚不一致。为此本文对10例患慢性扁桃体炎的小儿,在做扁桃体手术前、后测定其血中免疫球蛋白(Ig)和循环免疫复合物(CIC)含量,并对扁桃体 T、     

ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ANTIBODY DETECTION OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN IN PREGNANT WOMEN

A double antibody sandwich m.ethod is de- scribed for detecting serum IgD by enzyme-link- ed immunosorbent antibody (ELISA). The method is specific, rapid, convenient and inex- pensive. Quantitative detect.ion of serum IgD level by this method in normal fertile female and pregnant women in the first and third trimesters indicate that the mean values are 24 56+17.34, 28.94+16.07 and 55.10+9;04 yg/ml. The difference in IgD concentrations between normal fertile women and those in the third trimest.er is statis- tically significant (P相似文献   

角膜移植免疫排斥反应影响因素及治疗进展

角膜移植失败的主要原因是免疫排斥反应，有效地防治角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应的发生是眼科治疗中亟待解决的实际问题，本文就目前有关角膜移植免疫排斥反应的影响因素和防治进展作一综述。