大鼠破骨细胞数量和功能的增龄性变化

目的　探讨大鼠破骨细胞生物学功能的增龄变化规律。　方法　SD大鼠以月龄划分为 7组 :<2 4h及 1、3、7、12、16和 18月龄组 ,由大鼠腰椎椎体分离破骨细胞体外培养 ,采用抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色、吸收陷窝定量分析技术和RT PCR等手段 ,比较各组大鼠破骨细胞的数量、骨吸收功能和功能酶转录水平的变化。　结果　多核破骨细胞数量呈双峰样改变 ,峰值分别为 3月龄的113～ 132个 /孔和 16月龄的 10 6～ 14 7个 /孔 ;细胞丰度于 3月龄后开始减低 ,16月龄有小幅反弹 ,由12月龄的 8%～ 9%升高至 12 %～ 35 % ;融合指数与月龄呈正相关 (r =0 73～ 0 85 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;吸收陷窝面积 3月龄后持续缩小 ;组织蛋白酶K、质子泵 116亚基mRNA水平由 3月龄峰值缓慢下调 ,基质金属蛋白酶 9转录水平维持恒定。　结论　破骨细胞数量和功能随增龄呈现阶段性特征 ,骨吸收存在 3、16月龄的 2次活跃 ,第 2次激活的特点和机制有待进一步研究。     

急性放射损伤早期血小板聚集反应与花生四烯酸代谢的激活

本文报道8.0～8.5Gyγ线全身照射对大鼠血小板聚集率及血小板,血管内皮细胞花生四烯酸代谢的影响。发现8.0Gy照射后4小时及l天,血小板聚集率增高,聚集速度加快,血浆TxB₂水平明显增高,而6-酮-PGF,a水平于照后4小时增高,照后一天恢复至对照水平。生物测定法测定的结果表明,8.5Gy照射后4小时及1天,大鼠血小板对外源性花生四烯酸的转化能力明显增强。本文认为血小板花生四烯酸代谢激活是急性放射损伤早期血小板高聚性改变的重要原因之一。     

破骨细胞体外培养生存数的观察与鳗鱼降钙素的影响

应用改良的Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ方法由出生２４小时内的新生Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠分离破骨细胞（ＯＣ）培养于盖玻片与骨片上，并应用改良的ＶａｎＤｅＷｉｊｎｇａｅｒｔ和Ｍｏｓｔａｆａ方法对培养在骨片上的ＯＣ进行ＴＲＡＰ染色，观察体外培养ＯＣ的形态与生存时间。培养于骨片上的ＯＣ生存时间可长达２４０小时。１×１０（－９）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ鳗鱼降钙素能明显减少体外培养的多核ＯＣ生存数，但对单核前ＯＣ数没有明显影响     

基础与临床相结合，推进老年骨质疏松症防治的研究

随着世界人口结构的老龄化，骨质疏松症已成为全球公众关注的公共卫生热点。我国目前60岁以上老年人已有1．1亿多，并以3％的速度增长，是世界上老年人口最多的国家，占全世界老年人口的1／5，和亚洲老年人口的一半。上海是我国第一个进入老龄化的城市，预计到2025年每3人中就有一个老年人。在老龄社会中，骨质疏松症是威胁老年人健康长寿而需要特别重视的一种老年病，因为骨质疏松     

伊班膦酸对卵巢切除大鼠骨质疏松的预防

目的观察伊班膦酸对卵巢切除大鼠骨质疏松的预防作用。方法取10～12月龄的SD大鼠54只,随机分为6组,5组大鼠作双侧卵巢切除,分别给予生理盐水,低、中、高(0.25、0.5、1.0mg/kg·d)3种剂量的伊班膦酸及尼尔雌醇(1mg/kg·周),另1组为假手术组,给予生理盐水,1次/d,共3个月。结果生理盐水对照组骨干重、灰重、钙含量和股骨骨密度低于其他各组均有显著意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),低、中、高3种剂量的伊班膦酸用药组全身骨密度分别较生理盐水对照组全身骨密度增加0.9%、9.9%和3.6%,伊班膦酸及尼尔雌醇组椎骨、胫骨骨小梁面积较生理盐水对照组明显增加。尿羟脯氨酸与肌酐(HOP/Cr)比值伊班膦酸及尼尔雌醇组低于生理盐水对照组均有显著意义(P<0.01)。结论伊班膦酸有明显预防卵巢切除大鼠发生骨质疏松的作用。     

电离辐射致股骨头坏死早期病理特点和机制的研究

Objective To observe the earlier pathological character and mechanism of radiation osteonecrosis in femoral head, in order to provide evidences for the earlier diagnosis and prevention of radiation osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods Single femoral head of rats were irradiated singly with 30 Gy of 137 Cs γ-ray. The rats were executed after 2, 6 and 12 weeks, then the femurs were stained with HE and histopatholngical changes were observed by light microscope. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultured after 2 weeks and its proliferation and the colony formation were observed. The rats were endo-perfused with microfili contrast medium 12 weeks later, and the 3-dimensional structure of capillaries by Micro-CT was re-estabhshed to detect the pathological changes of capillaries after irradiation. Result The irradiated femur showed deranged cbondrocyte, decreased osteocyte, shrinking nucleus, increased empty bone lacuna and reduced bone trabocnla (P < 0.05). Micro-CT showed the discontinued small vessels and absence(6.65 %) capillaries in irradiated femur were obviously less than those of the unirradiated (12.3 %)(P < 0.001). The proliferation of BMSCs was slowed, the number of colony in irradiated group (10 %) was less than that of control (21 %) (P < 0.001). Conclusions The preliminary histopathological changes of osteoradionecrosis on femoral head could be increased the empty bone lacuna, and the bone lacuna above 30 % was the sign of the earlier period of osteoradionecrosis. The osteonecrosis of femoral head induced by radiation is not only correlated to the damages to the bone, but also to the damages to BMSCs and capillaries.     

利维爱预防卵巢早衰患者骨量丢失作用的探讨

本文通过给１２例卵巢早衰患者利维爱（Ｌｉｖｉａｌ）用药２个月,并于给药前后分别测定空腹尿钙与肌酐（Ｃａ／Ｃｒ）、羟脯氨酸与肌酐（ＯＨＰｒ／Ｃｒ）比值以及血清碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ）、雌二醇（Ｅ２）、骨钙素（ＢＧＰ）、降钙素（ＣＴ）和白细胞介素－６（ＩＬ－６）的水平,以探讨Ｌｉｖｉａｌ防止卵巢早衰患者骨量丢失的作用机制。结果显示：Ｌｉｖｉａｌ给药后空腹尿Ｃａ／Ｃｒ、ＯＨＰｒ／Ｃｒ比值明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１,Ｐ＜０．０２）;血ＡＫＰ、ＢＧＰ的水平无明显变化;ＣＴ的水平显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,ＩＬ－６的水平显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０２）。提示：Ｌｉｖｉａｌ能有效地改善年轻的卵巢早衰患者的骨代谢状况,防止其骨量的丢失,刺激ＣＴ的分泌和抑制ＩＬ－６的产生可能是Ｌｉｖｉａｌ改善卵巢早衰患者骨代谢状况的重要作用机制之一。     

上海地区正常人群胫骨定量超声骨量的分布及临床应用研究

目的　胫骨定量超声测量（ＱＵＳ）的临床意义研究及与ＤＥＸＡ 法的比较。方法　对４５８ 名社区健康志愿者人群（年龄２０～７９ 岁）进行胫骨定量超声骨量（ＱＵＳ）的测量研究。结果　ＳＯＳ值在男、女性中,均在３０～３９ 岁达到峰值,女性在５０ 岁以后ＳＯＳ值急剧下降,同时伴随着身高缩短,男性人群在５０ 岁以后的ＳＯＳ值仍维持在较高的水平,从而使男、女性在５０ 岁以后显示出明显的性别差异（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。在绝经后妇女中,胫骨ＳＯＳ值与年龄和绝经年限均呈明显的负相关,其中绝经对骨密度值的下降起着重要作用。此外,胫骨ＳＯＳ值与腰椎骨密度值中度相关（ｒ＝ ０．５０,Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论　胫骨定量超声声速的测量,能很好地反映健康人群的骨量变化情况,对开展人群的普查普防,以早期诊断骨质疏松症和预测骨折的危险性,有应用潜力。     

尼莫地平对体外培养成骨细胞的影响

目的 观察尼莫地平对体外培养成骨细胞的作用.方法 在新生SD大鼠头颅骨第2继代成骨细胞(OB2)培养液中分别加入不同浓度(10-1～10 9g/L)尼莫地平,分别观察OB2的增殖功能(用波长570nm处OD值表示),分化功能(用碱性磷酸酶ALP活性表示)和矿化功能(用矿化结节数量/视野表示).结果 增殖功能OD值为0.12±0.01～0.41±0.04;ALP活性为0.09±0.01U/mg蛋白质;矿化结节数量/视野为1.3±0.9个.结论 与对照组比较,尼莫地平各浓度对OB2的增殖、分化和矿化功能作用各异.当尼莫地平浓度为10 6g/L时,对OB2的增殖和分化功能具有刺激作用,对OB2的矿化功能具有显著的抑制作用;当浓度升高(10-2g/L)时,对OB2的增殖功能具有明显的抑制作用;当浓度降低(10 8g/L)时,对OB2的增殖功能失去作用.     

电离辐射致股骨头坏死早期病理特点和机制的研究

Objective To observe the earlier pathological character and mechanism of radiation osteonecrosis in femoral head, in order to provide evidences for the earlier diagnosis and prevention of radiation osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods Single femoral head of rats were irradiated singly with 30 Gy of 137 Cs γ-ray. The rats were executed after 2, 6 and 12 weeks, then the femurs were stained with HE and histopatholngical changes were observed by light microscope. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultured after 2 weeks and its proliferation and the colony formation were observed. The rats were endo-perfused with microfili contrast medium 12 weeks later, and the 3-dimensional structure of capillaries by Micro-CT was re-estabhshed to detect the pathological changes of capillaries after irradiation. Result The irradiated femur showed deranged cbondrocyte, decreased osteocyte, shrinking nucleus, increased empty bone lacuna and reduced bone trabocnla (P < 0.05). Micro-CT showed the discontinued small vessels and absence(6.65 %) capillaries in irradiated femur were obviously less than those of the unirradiated (12.3 %)(P < 0.001). The proliferation of BMSCs was slowed, the number of colony in irradiated group (10 %) was less than that of control (21 %) (P < 0.001). Conclusions The preliminary histopathological changes of osteoradionecrosis on femoral head could be increased the empty bone lacuna, and the bone lacuna above 30 % was the sign of the earlier period of osteoradionecrosis. The osteonecrosis of femoral head induced by radiation is not only correlated to the damages to the bone, but also to the damages to BMSCs and capillaries.