芬太尼抑制体外培养大鼠胰岛动态条件下葡萄糖刺激胰岛素分泌

目的 研究芬太尼对体外培养大鼠胰岛动态条件下葡萄糖刺激胰岛素分泌的抑制作用.方法 根据芬太尼浓度将SD大鼠胰岛随机均分为四组:Ⅰ组((0.3 ng/ml)、Ⅱ组((3.0 ng/ml)、Ⅲ组(30 ng/ml)和Ⅳ组(0 ng/ml).每组胰岛分别按以下3种方式与药物共同培养24 h:单独与芬太尼,芬太尼+0.1 μg/ml纳洛酮和芬太尼+1 μg/ml纳洛酮.每组设6个培养孔,每孔加入胰岛30IEQ,重复3次.检测胰岛细胞活力.动态培养条件下葡萄糖刺激胰岛素释放试验按以下方法进行:先加入2.8mmol/L葡萄糖(低糖)培养液培养,分别于10 min(第一分泌时相)和60 min(第二分泌时相)吸取上清液,然后加入16.7mmol/L(高糖)的培养液继续培养,分别于10 min和60 min吸取上清液,测定胰岛素含量.结果 四组胰岛细胞活力差异无统计学意义.第一和第二分泌时相单独芬太尼培养下,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组低糖和高糖刺激胰岛素释放量明显低于Ⅳ组(P<0.01),且Ⅲ组高糖刺激胰岛素释放量最低(P<0.05).第一和第二分泌时相芬太尼+0.1 μg/ml纳洛酮培养下,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组低糖和高糖刺激胰岛素释放量仍明显低于Ⅳ组(P<0.01),且Ⅲ组高糖刺激胰岛素释放量仍最低(P<0.05).第一和第二分泌时相芬太尼+1 μg/ml纳洛酮培养下,各组胰岛素释放量差异无统计学意义.结论 高浓度芬太尼抑制体外培养大鼠胰岛素的分泌,并且对鼠胰岛细胞具有一定的损伤作用.     

多镜联合治疗肝外胆管结石3780例

目的 探讨腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜联合治疗肝外胆管结石的方法及疗效.方法 回顾性分析1998年3月至2010年6月兰州大学第一医院收治的3780例肝外胆管结石患者的临床资料,根据患者胆管结石不同位置和采用腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜的情况,将患者分为"一镜"、"二镜"、"三镜"治疗组;通过患者治疗后的影像学检查和随访结果,比较3组患者治疗的成功率和并发症的发生率.结果 "一镜"治疗组1425例患者,成功率为89.54%(1276/1425),并发症发生率为6.73%(86/1276);149例治疗失败,其中83例接受"二镜"治疗、66例接受"三镜"治疗."二镜"治疗组1792例患者(含转入83例),成功率为95.93%(1719/1792),并发症发生率为4.07%(70/1719);73例治疗失败(转入"三镜"治疗组)."三镜"治疗组785例(含转入139例)患者,成功率为99.75%(783/785),并发症发生率为0.26%(2/783);2例治疗失败患者选择开腹手术治疗.结论 腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜联合应用治疗肝外胆管结石可以优势互补,明显提高结石取尽成功率,降低术后并发症的发生率.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the efficacy of combined application of laparoscope and multiple endoscopes for the treatment of extra-hepatic bile duct stones.Methods The clinical data of 3780 patients with extra-hepatic bile duct stones who were admitted to the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from March 1998 to June 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the condition of bile duct stones,laparoscope,choledochoscope and duodenoscope were applied separately or combinately.All patients were divided into A,B and C groups.Patients in group A were treated by laparoseopy,choledochoscopy or duodenoscopy;patients in group B were treated by choledochoscopy+duodenoscopy.duodenoscopy+laparoscopy or laparoscopy+choledochoscopy;patients in group C were treated by laparoscopy+duodenoscopy+choledochoscopy.The efficacies of different treatment approaches were analyzed by comparing the results of imaging examination and follow-up.Results The curative rate and complication rate of the group A were 89.54%(1276/1425)and 6.73%(86/1276),respectively.Of the 149 patients in the group A who were failed in the treatment,83 patients were transferred to the group B,and 66 patients were transferred to the group C.The curative rate and complication rate of the group B(including 83 patients transferred from the group A)were 95.93%(1719/1792)and 4.07%(70/1719),respectively,and 73 patients who were failed in the treatment were transferred to the group C.The curative rate and complication rate of the group C(including 139 patients transferred from the group C)were 99.75%(783/785)and 0.26% (2/783),respectively,and 2 patients who were failed in the treatment received open surgery.Conclusion Combined application of laparoscope and endoscopes could raise the success rate of stone clearance and decrease the postoperative complications.     

麻醉下手法松解配合关节镜技术治疗原发性冻结肩

目的：探讨麻醉下手法松解配合关节镜技术治疗原发性冻结肩的可行性及疗效。方法：2006年1月至2009年3月,原发性冻结肩僵硬期患者共34例,均经保守治疗无效,其中男20例,女14例;年龄43～62岁,平均（56±3.6）岁;病程9～13个月,平均11.3个月。全麻下先行盂肱关节、肩峰下间隙清理,再行麻醉下手法松解后镜下射频修整止血及进行针对性松解。术后第1天即开始行患肩主动、被动功能练习,术后所有患者得到随访,平均18.9个月（13～32个月）,对治疗前后患者疼痛、关节活动度Constant评分进行对比分析。结果：术后12个月患肩Constant疼痛评分（总分15分）为（13±1.58）分,较术前的疼痛评分（5±2.60）分降低（P〈0.01）。34例术后12个月Constant评分（86±11.20）分,比术前（27±2.40）分明显改善（P〈0.01）。结论：麻醉下手法松解配合关节镜技术治疗原发性冻结肩功能恢复快,具有疗效确切、微创、恢复快等特点。     

肝癌的分子靶向治疗进展

随着对肝癌分子机制的深入研究,分子靶向治疗成为近年来肝癌治疗的研究热点,一些分子靶向治疗药物的疗效获得了认可.经查阅国内、外近年有关肝癌的分子靶向治疗的文献,本文就肝癌的分子靶向治疗进展进行综述.     

壶腹周围憩室合并胆总管结石复发的手术选择

壶腹周围憩室(periampullary diverticula,PAD)又叫乳头周围憩室.它是指以瓦特壶腹为中心,半径2～3 cm范围内的十二指肠憩室,包括含有瓦特壶腹本身或胆总管壁内部分的外腔黏膜的突起部分.根据憩室的位置可分为近壶腹憩室(juxtapapillary diverticula,JPD)和憩室内乳头(intradiverticular papilla,IDP).     

罂粟碱在21例阴茎皮肤组织缺损修复中的应用

1 临床资料2005年1月-2010年5月山东大学附属济南市中心医院收治21例阴茎皮肤组织缺损患者,年龄13 ～52岁。致伤原因：火焰烧伤及热液烫伤共12例、硫酸烧伤4例、高压电烧伤3例、包皮环切致阴茎皮肤广泛坏死缺损2例。缺损面积为5 cm×3 cm～10 cm×7 cm。损伤程度：阴茎全周皮肤坏死9例、部分皮肤坏死12例,其中龟头皮肤缺损5例。烧伤创面深度为Ⅲ～Ⅳ度。创面情况：肉芽创面12例、新鲜创面9例。2治疗方法(1)术前准备：对于感染严重的创面,局部清创换药,以使创面脓性渗出减少、坏死组织脱净、肉芽新鲜、创面周围组织水肿消退;相对清洁创面用碘伏消毒换药。(2)罂粟碱（江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司,批号：PH100202）注射：患者仰卧,阴茎根部消毒,使用携带4号针头的5 mL注射器,于阴茎一侧近耻骨处中段背部垂直进针至海绵体内,缓慢推注药液,棉球按压穿刺点止血并轻轻按摩30 s使药物弥散。     

有限内固定结合外固定架治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折

[目的]应用有限内固定结合外固定架治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折,对本法进行疗效评估.[方法]以2005年10月～2008年4月来本院治疗闭合性胫腓骨远端粉碎性骨折的患者总共30例为研究对象,所有患者均行择期手术,腓骨骨折采用切开复位钢板螺丝钉内固定治疗,胫骨骨折采用切开复位有限内固定结合外固定架治疗.[结果]本组患者随访时间为12～25个月,平均15.5个月,所有患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,未出现切口感染、皮肤坏死及内植物外露情况,其中24例患者6个月内骨折愈合,平均愈合时间为4.2个月,4例患者骨折延迟愈合,平均愈合时间为9个月,2例患者出现骨不连,通过取髂骨植骨术6个月后骨折愈合.根据Mazur的踝关节症状和功能评价标准,对踝关节功能康复情况进行评价,优21例,良6例,可2例,差1例.[结论]有限内固定结合外固定架是治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折的有效且可靠的方法.     

TVT-S治疗女性压力性尿失禁的疗效和安全性分析

目的 探讨经阴道无张力尿道中段吊带术(TVT-S)治疗女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)的有效性及安全性.方法 回顾性分析2008年10月至2010年5月诊治的27例SUI患者的资料.年龄35～77(56.1±10.7)岁;单纯型20例,混合型7例;产次1～6(2.8±1.4)次;体质指数22.0～31.9(25.6±2.5);病程1～30(6.8±7.2)年.有盆腔手术史2例,均无抗尿失禁手术史,膀胱颈抬举试验均阳性;腹压漏尿点压(ALPP)27～120(60.9±27.5)cm H2O;术前ICI-Q-SF评分7～14(11.2±1.8)分.结果 27例均行TVT-S,其中行"U"术式19例,行"H"术式8例.手术时间13～19(15.3±1.4)min.术中无膀胱、尿道损伤,无闭孔血管、神经损伤,术中出血10～50 ml;术后测量最大尿流率4～50(25.4±13.1)ml,残余尿0～95(23.2±7.6)ml.术后发生轻度排尿困难3例(11.1%),出现阴道创口渗液3例(11.1%);术后随访3～21(12.6±6.7)个月,出现尿频、尿急或急迫性尿失禁10例(37.0%),无阴道侵蚀.疗效判定:治愈15例(56%),好转8例(30%),无效4例(1 5%).结论 TVT-S治疗SUI简单易行,操作安全,并发症轻微易治,但手术治愈率较低,长期疗效仍需大量临床和随访资料证明.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the TVT-Secur procedure for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods Analyze retrospectively the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative complications and follow-up data of 27 SUI patients from October 2008 to May 2010. 20 cases were simple SUI, and 7 cases were mixed SUI. The average age was 56.1 ± 10.7 years (range, 35-77), the average parity was 2.8-±- 1.4 (range, 1-6), the average body mass index was 25.6±2.5, and the average course of the disease was 6.8±7.2 yeas (range, 1-30). Two cases had past history of pelvic surgery without any anti-incontinence surgery. Mashall-marchett test was positive in all patients, with an average abdominal leak point pressure (ALPP) of 60.9±27.5 cm H2O (range, 27- 120 cm H2O). The mean International Consultation on Incontinence-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) score was 11.2 ± 1.8 (range, 7- 14) before surgery. Results 27 patients underwent TVT-Secur procedure, of which 19 cases underwent "U" procedure, and 8 cases underwent "H" procedure. The mean operation time was 15.3±1.4min (range, 13- 19 min). There were no intraoperative bladder or urethral injury, and no obturator vessel or nerve damage. The blood loss was 10 to 50 ml, and the maximum urinary flow rate was 25. 4±13. 1 ml (range, 4-50 ml). Three eases had mild dysuria(11. 1%), and 3 cases had wound effusion(11. 1%). Followed up for 12. 6 ±6. 7 months (range, 3-21 months). 10 cases complained of bladder overactivity symptoms such as frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence, and no case had vaginal erosion. Therapeutic efficacy: 15 cases were cured (56%), 8 cases were improved (30%), and 4 cases were ineffective (15%). Conclusions TVT-Secur procedure is a simple, safe and minimally invasive surgery, while the cure rate is low. The long-term efficacy needs great amount of clinical data and long-term follow-up to prove.     

肝内胆管黏液性囊腺瘤三例

自2004年7月6日到2009年11月4日我科共收治肝内胆管黏液性囊腺瘤(癌)3例.年龄50～78岁,其中男性1例,女性2例.主要临床表现为胆系梗阻所致发热、黄疸、腹胀腹痛.本组病例胆系梗阻病史最长达10年.由于该病发病率极低,不为临床医师熟悉,故发生误诊的概率较大.