细粒棘球蚴致过敏性休克绵羊肺水肿及对血气影响的观察

为观察细粒棘球蚴致过敏性休克绵羊肺水肿及对血气的影响，探讨其发病机制，选用感染细粒棘球蚴的12只绵羊，随机分为两组，Ⅰ组用细粒棘球蚴粗制囊液抗原10mL攻击发敏，Ⅱ组用生理盐水作对照，确定休克的发生，记录血气pH,PaO2,PaCO2的变化，观察60min后处死绵羊，测定绵羊肺湿/干重量比值，观察绵羊肺部形态结构的变化，结果显示，攻击发敏后，和Ⅱ组比较，Ⅰ组的pH值、PaO2持续降低；PaCO2在休克初期增加，30min升至最高点后，逐渐恢复；肺湿/干重量比值明显升高；肺部形态结构观察，Ⅰ组均有明显的病理变化。说明：（1）休克早期形成广泛的弥漫性蛋白通透性肺水肿；（2）休克时血气变化剧烈，表现为明显的PaO2的持续降低以及PaCO2的增高，且反应迅速，消退较快。     

家兔动脉粥样硬化与血小板源内皮型氧化氮合酶表达的相关性

Objective To explore the correlation of atheroselerosis progression and the expression of platelet derived endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in rabbits. Methods A total of 24 male New Zealand white rabbits were used in this study. Six of the animals were fed with normal food (control group). Eighteen rabbits were fed with cholesterol-rich food (1 g/d) for 12 weeks to establish the atherosclerosis model. Among 18 models, 6 rabbits were executed immediately and their aorta and platelet samples were collected for further analysis (model group), 6 rabbits were orally administered with pravastatin (10 rag/d) for additional 12 weeks (treated group), and the remaining 6 rabbits were left untreated until the end of the study (untreated group). The control, treated and untreated animals were then killed, and the aorta and platelet samples were collected for eNOS expression analysis (RT-PCR). Results The aorta samples in model and untreated group exhibited rough intima and a lot of longitudinal fatty streaks, which indicated that atherosclerosis models were established successfully. While in treated group, the degree of atherosclerosis was decreased. The average percent of thickness of fatty streaks or atheroselerotic plaques relative to the whole thickness of vessel walls was 0. 04±0. 02, 0. 82±0. 16, 0. 33±0. 18,0. 77±0. 14 in control, model, treated and untreated group, respectively. The thickness of fatty streaks or atherosclerotic plaques was significantly increased in the model and untreated groups and decreased in treated group compared with the control group (both P<0. 05). The expressions of platelet derived eNOS/mRNA were 1. 02± 0. 28, 0. 41± 0. 27, 1.00 ± 0. 77, 0. 40±0. 29 in control, model, treated and untreated group, respectively. The expression of eNOS/mRNA was markedly decreased in model group and untreated group compared with the control group, but was increased in treated group compared with untreated and model groups (F=3. 544, P = 0. 024). Conclusions There is a negative correlation between eNOS expression and atherosclerosis development, which suggests that the reversal effect of pravastatin on atheroselerosis progression and plaque formation may relate to the expression of platelet derived eNOS.     

A Study on Changes of the Plasma Endothelin Level in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Objectives To evaluate the changes of the plasma endothelin level in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, and to investigate the relationship between the plasma endothelin level and the severity of heart failure, heart size, left ventricular function and with or not with pulmonary arterial hypertension; the changes of the plasma endothelin level before and after treatment. Methods The plasma endothelin level of 30 patients with DCM, 30 healthy control subjects, and their LVEF, PAP, heart size, plasma endothelin level before and after treatment were determined. Results The plasma endothelin level in DCM group was significantly higher than that in control group ( 135.93 ± 70. 65pg/mL) vs(43.65 ± 12.07pg/mL), P < 0.05 ; there was a correlation between ET level and heart size ( r = O. 4580, P = 0. 0109 ) ; there was a significant negative correlation between LVEF of DCM and ET level( r = -0. 6922 ,P =0. 0021 ) ;and it was a significant positive correlation between ET level and pulmonary arterial hyperten     

右室心尖部与右室流出道间隔部起搏对心室间电机械同步性的比较

选择行射频消融术患者30例,术后分别将标测电极置于左室后侧壁(LVPLW)及右室前侧壁(RVALW),大头消融电极依次放置于右室心尖部(RVA)和右室流出道间隔部(RVS)。结果:RVA起搏时,至LVPLW及至RVALW的传导时间差,主动脉射血前间期(APEI)与肺动脉射血前间期(PPE I)差值,绝对值均显著大于RVS起搏(P0.01)。心室起搏后,LVPLW-RVALW差值变化与APE I-PPEI绝对值增加呈正相关(r=0.993,P0.001)。结论:与RVA起搏相比,RVS起搏心室间电激动与机械收缩更同步。     

难治性急性髓系白血病异基因造血干细胞移植治疗疗效分析

目的 :评价异基因造血干细胞移植(allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,allo-HSCT)治疗复发难治性急性髓系白血病(refractory acute myeloid leukemia,r AML)的疗效。方法:收集2000年1月至2015年6月在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院和海军医科大学附属长海医院接受allo-HSCT治疗的r AML患者73例,按移植前疾病状态分为完全缓解(complete remission,CR)组(44例)和未缓解(non-remission,NR)组(29例),随访截止时间2015年12月31日,分析allo-HSCT后非复发死亡率(non-relapsing mortality,NRM)、粒细胞及血小板植入时间、移植物抗宿主病(graft versus host disease,GVHD)发生率、2年总生存(overall survival,OS)率、2年无病生存(disease-free survival,DFS)率等数据。结果 :所有患者移植后获得造血功能重建,中位随访时间470(230.5,1 011.5)d。所有患者2年OS率为56.5%,2年DFS率为41.8%。移植前CR组和NR组2年OS率分别为64.0%和45.6%(P=0.345),2年DFS率分别为45.6%和35.6%(P=0.393);移植前CR组和NR组NRM、粒细胞及血小板植入时间、GVHD发生率差异均无统计学意义。结论:allo-HSCT是治疗r AML的有效治疗手段,长期DFS为41.8%,移植前疾病状态是否达到CR对移植后的预后无显著影响。     

急性期SARS患者血细胞变化的观察

传染性非典型肺炎是全球流行的新型烈性传染病，由于临床症状以呼吸系统表现为主，2003年WHO将它命名为严重急性呼吸综合征(Severe a-cute respiratory syndrome，SARS)。前期研究表明SARS病原体为新型冠状病毒，WHO称其为SARS冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)。SARS-CoV属于核     

经皮二尖瓣球囊扩张术治疗二尖瓣狭窄伴中度返流

目的　探讨经皮二尖瓣球囊扩张术 (PBMV)治疗二尖瓣狭窄 (MS)伴中度二尖瓣返流(MR)的近、远期疗效。方法　采用自制二尖瓣球囊导管治疗MS伴中度MR患者 6 2例 ,其中二尖瓣膜明显增厚、钙化者 7例 ,对左室最大前后径、二尖瓣口面积、左房平均压、二尖瓣跨瓣压差及心功能(NYHA分级 )等主要指标随访观察 12～ 36个月。结果　术后二尖瓣口面积明显增大 [(0 83± 0 18)cm2 比 (1 86± 0 2 4 )cm2 ,P <0 0 1],左房平均压 [(32± 8)mmHg比 (13± 8)mmHg ,P <0 0 1,1mmHg=0 133kPa]及二尖瓣跨瓣压差 [(18± 9)mmHg比 (5± 3)mmHg ,P <0 0 1]明显降低 ,心功能明显改善 [(2 81± 0 2 4 )级比 (1 4 6± 0 37)级 ,P <0 0 1],左室最大前后径无显著改变 [(4 5± 4 )mm比 (4 6± 4 )mm ,P >0 0 5 ]。对左室最大前后径、二尖瓣口面积及心功能等指标随访观察 12～ 36个月均无明显改变。结论　选择合适病例 ,严格把握球囊扩张终点 ,风湿性二尖瓣狭窄并中度返流患者PBMV的近、远期疗效显著。     

核因子-κB与C-反应蛋白在冠心病诊断中的应用

不稳定型斑块破裂继发血小板聚集和血栓形成是动脉硬化导致急性冠脉综合征(ACS)发病的主要机制[1].不稳定性斑块的重要特点之一是显著的炎症表现,炎症在ACS的发病中起重要的触发作用[2].     

安徽省1996～2003年血吸虫病疫情分析

目的 分析当前血吸虫病流行状况，为制订防治对策提供依据。方法 以流行村为单位，统计全省疫区1996-2003年各项疫情指标，结合各年度疫情专题调查材料，分析全省血吸虫病流行态势和流行特点，提出防治对策。结果 1996-2003年，全省人群与耕牛感染率下降53．9％和59．6％；疫区人群年均急感发病率呈波动状态，波幅1．8／10万～5．0／10万；全省螺情仍呈上升态势，钉螺面积净增8．10km^2。结论 安徽省血吸虫病疫情主要表现为：以青少年成批急性感染为主的突发疫情，钉螺面积扩大与螺密度增加，未控制流行区人畜重复感染严重，内陆流行乡村疫情回升等。因此，做好区域性防治规划，控制人群的感染与发病，加强钉螺的监测与控制措施，是当前全省血吸虫病防治策略的主要内容。     

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染合并肺结核34例临床分析

目的 分析人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性合并肺结核感染的临床表现，探讨诊断方法。方法 对117例人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性合并肺结核感染34例的临床表现、胸部X线及其他实验室检查进行分析。结果 117例人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性合并肺核感染34例，感染率29．1％。共用注射器静脉吸毒是主要原因。中等度发热、咳嗽、盗汗、消瘦，部分病例伴咯血、呼吸困难等与结核中毒症状相似。胸部X线检查以继发性肺结核为主61．8％。多重感染中主要为念珠菌感染。住院期间病死率17．6％，死因为呼吸功能衰竭和多脏器功能衰竭。抗结核治疗对改善病情有帮助。因表现复杂，临床误诊较高。结论 肺结核合并机会性感染尤念珠菌感染，流行病学资料有静脉吸毒行为，应作HIV抗体检查有利诊断。