评对数视力表及五分记录法

评对数视力表及五分记录法李长怙，刘露明，李淑英《对数视力表及五分记录法》一文已于１９６６年在中华眼科杂志发表，当时我们即有不同看法，但认为这属于个人的学术创造，当否自有公论。１９９０年该记录法由卫生领导部门明令公布全国执行，在此提出个人的见解供参考。...     

CYTOGENETIC STUDY ON PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES IN TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASES

The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations of peripheral lymphocytes (i.e., subploid, hyperploid, tetra- ploid, breakage, fragmentation) were studied in 20 cases of hydatidiform mo,le, 23 cases of il:- vasive mole, 22 cases of choriocarcinoma, and 20 normal controls. The. sister chromatid ex- change frequency was 5.74+01.69 per metaphase in normal women, and 6.84+1.56 in hydatidiform mole, 11.49+2.24 in invasive mole, and 11.37+1.90 in choriocarcinoma. The frequency of chromo- somal aberrations was highest in choriocar- cinoma, and lowest in normal controls, with hydatidiform mole and invasive mole second and third. Statistically significant differences were found in these Z indices in the 4 groups.     

ANTENATAL DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF DANDY-WALKER SYNDROME

The Dandy-Walker syndrome (DWS) can be accurately diagnosed in utero by sonographic demonstration of characteristic morphologic changes of the fetus, which includes hydrocephlus, incomplete cerebellar vermis and a posterior fossa cyst. We present a case of Dandy-Walker syndrome diagnosed antenatany. The assomcted anomalies are reviewed, and the value of antental diagnosis is disussed.     

MOSAICISM CONFINED TO PLACENTA IN PREGNANCIES WITH ADVERSE OUTCOME

Chorionic villi and feral tissues from 50 pathological human conceptions ar gesrarional weeks 9-40 were cultured and cytogenetically analyzed to explore the existence of chromosomal mosaicism confined to the extraembryonic tissues and to clarify the relationship between confined placental mosaicism and adverse outcome of pregnancy. Chorionic villi and fetal rlssues from 12 second trimester gesrations terminated for social reasons served as a control group. In two pathological gestations, true mosaicism was found exclusively in chorionic cells and could not be confirmed in cells derived from the fetal tissues, One of these was severely growth retarded, Concordant results were obtained in all other cases,     

“胎儿诊断胎儿治疗”国际会议简况

1987年11月6～7日,在荷兰鹿特丹召开了“胎儿诊断胎儿治疗”国际学术会议,出席会议的有欧美各国著名妇产科、儿科(外)、儿泌尿科、新生儿科、临床遗传学、基础学科科学家300人。会议集中报告和讨论了几种重大的胎儿畸形的诊断、治疗方法,并指出发展方向和前景。现将其归纳成几点。一、神经管畸形会上报告了病因病理机制;新生儿期外科治疗的适应症及效果;动物实验;胎儿脑积水的宫内治疗等。讨论认为,到目前为止,有关病因问题,仍未能得出结论,发霉土豆病因论基本已被否定,维生素缺乏的观点被多数人接受,但尚需大量研究数据才能作结     

应用荧光原位杂交技术快速诊断胎儿染色体数目异常

目的 探讨荧光原位杂交（ｆｌｕｏｒｅｃｅｎｔ ｉｎ ｓｉｔｕ ｈｙｂｒｉｄｉｚａｔｉｏｎ,ＦＩＳＨ）技术在快速产前诊断胎儿染色体数目异常中的价值。方法 对２０例孕１６￣３６周,有产前诊断指征者,在Ｂ超引导下经腹抽取羊水后,应用Ｘ、Ｙ、１８号染色体着丝粒探针１３ｑ１４－ｑ２１和２１ｑ１１特异性探讨,对未培养的羊水间期细胞进行ＦＩＳＨ,然后用荧光显微镜进行观察,并用Ａｐｐｌｉｅｄ ｉｍａｇｉｎｇ染色体     

Lisfranc损伤足底入路的解剖学研究及初步疗效分析

目的探讨采用单一足底入路或联合足背入路治疗足背软组织条件差、跖侧撕脱性骨折或多柱复杂的Lisfranc损伤的安全性、有效性及初步应用疗效。方法①收集新鲜成人足部标本6支, 采用足底入路解剖标本, 以明确足底入路的皮肤切口和放置钢板螺钉内固定的安全区域, 并完成相应钢板、螺钉固定。②足底入路解剖研究明确后, 对2020年9月至2021年11月南方医科大学第三附属医院足踝外科收治的3例足背皮肤挫伤严重坏死或跖骨基底撕脱性移位骨折的Lisfranc损伤患者采用足底入路治疗, 其中男2例, 女1例;年龄平均为51岁(34～68岁)。通过分析患者的复位效果、末次随访时的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)的中足评分、Maryland评分、Kofoed评分、骨折愈合情况、术后并发症以评估初步疗效。结果①解剖显露范围:内侧可显露内侧柱(内至第1跖楔关节跖侧), 外侧可显露中间柱(外至第3跖楔关节跖侧);可探查腓骨长肌肌腱、Lisfranc足底韧带及骨间韧带;模拟手术后X线片示钢板位置满意。②临床结果:所有患者均获随访, 时间6～14个月(平均11个月)。末次随访时VAS评分为0...     

孕妇431例的血清弓形体抗体的调查

母体妊娠期发生弓形体感染后,短暂的原虫血症累及胎盘时可能导致胎儿的先天性弓形体病。母体孕期的弓形体感染绝大多数是无症状的,受累的胎儿,婴儿可有不同的临床表现,典型的四联征为:脉络膜视网膜炎,脑积水,惊厥和脑钙化。     

261对流产夫妇染色体的研究

自然流产是妇科常见病,其原因较多。随着细胞遗传学的进展,认为染色体异常是流产的重要原因之一。除与配子形成期或胚胎期染色体畸变有关外,还与流产夫妇是异常染色体携带者有关。本文对261对自然流产夫妇进行了染色体分析,对自然流产病因探讨以及遗传咨询的生育指导,具有重要意义。