抗呆合剂对小鼠缺血再灌注脑内氨基酸、乙酰胆碱酯酶活力的影响

反复脑缺血再灌注后５０ｍｉｎ,小鼠脑内谷氨酸（Ｇｌｕ）、天冬氨酸（Ａｓｐ）均升高,γ－氨基丁酸（ＧＡＢＡ）,也随之升高。抗呆合剂大、小剂量均可抑制Ｇｌｕ、Ａｓｐ的升高,大剂量还使升高的ＧＡＢＡ恢复至接近正常。造模后５０ｍｉｎ以及７ｄ,模型组小鼠乙酰胆碱酯酶（ＡｃｈＥ）活力降低,抗呆合剂可升高ＡｃｈＥ活力。     

高血糖对急性脑梗死的预后影响

326例急性脑梗死患者分为3组：糖尿病组48例,非糖尿病高血糖组86例和非糖尿病正常血糖组192例。按照脑梗死病人临床神经功能缺损程度评分法和缺血性脑卒中CT扫描病灶范围评分法,对照分析了脑梗死后高血糖症与临床表现及脑缺血性损害程度与短期预后的关系。结果表明,急性脑梗死后高血糖不仅临床表现病情重（P＜0．01）和脑缺血性损害范围大（P＜0．05）,而且对卒中短期预后也有不良的影响。     

UF-1000i尿仪和ACT-2000超高倍显微镜在血尿定位中的联合应用

目的探讨量化参数和显微镜联合进行尿沉渣红细胞形态检测。方法采用UF-1000i尿仪及ACT-2000超高倍显微镜联合对212例血尿患者进行尿红细胞形态相关量化指标测定和形态分析。结果肾性血尿RBC-P70FSC(ch)为(69.8±15.3);RBC-FSC-DW(ch)为(44.75±17.2),诊断敏感度达98.7%,特异度83%。结论采用UF-1000i量化参数与传统显微镜法联合进行血尿定位优势互补,效果良好。     

视网膜静脉阻塞所致黄斑水肿的治疗进展

视网膜静脉阻塞（retinal vein occlusion，RVO）的并发症和后遗症较多，其中黄斑水肿（macular edema，ME）是RVO最常见，也是严重危害视力的并发症之一，因目前尚无有效的治疗方法而备受关注。本文拟就近年来对RVO所致ME的治疗研究进展进行综述     

Pathological features of gastric cancer in Zhuanghe high-risk area in China during 1992–2005

Objective  To investigate the pathological features and chronological changes of 1003 cases with gastric cancer in Zhuanghe high-risk area during 1992–2005 and the relationship between the changes and etiology factors in order to make a clue for gastric cancer prevention. Methods  A total of 1003 gastric cancer specimens resected surgically between 1992–2005 in Zhuanghe Center Hospital were studied. The specimens were fixed in formalin and diagnosed by routine pathology. Results  The incidence of patients with gastric cancer was highest at age of 60–69, the next high was at age of 50–59 and it was significantly higher in male than in female (P<0.001), the ratio was 3.0:1. During the past 14 years, there were 159 (15.9%) EGC, 195 (19.4%) moderate and 649 (64.7%) advanced gastric cancer detected. In macroscopical features, type III remained dominant in EGC, the next was mixed type in EGC. In advanced gastric cancer the Borrmann’s type III remained the dominant, the next was type II. For nodal metastasis, positive cases were decreasing and negative were increasing in EGC, moreover negative cases were higher than positive ones each year. There was no obvious trend in advanced cancer but positive cases were higher than negative ones each year. In histological features, papillary, moderately and poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma remained downtrend, mucus adenocarcinoma and undifferentiation cancer remained uptrend year after year. The radio of intestinal to diffuse type decreased from 0.78 to 0.62 during the past 14 years. Conclusion  There were significant chorological trends of pathological characteristic of gastric cancer in Zhuanghe high-risk area during the past 14 years. This work was supported by the National “Tenth-Five” Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2004BA703B04-02)     

四物合剂对顺铂肝毒性作用的实验研究

目的:观察四物合剂对化疗药物顺铂肝毒性的作用,并对其作用机制进行探讨。方法:小鼠腹腔注射顺铂,3·0mg/kg体重/日,连续7日,并灌饲四物合剂14日,观察血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性、肝脏系数、肝匀浆中SOD、GSH-PX、GSH和MDA含量变化及肝线粒体中NADH脱氢酶复合体(复合体Ⅰ)和琥珀酸脱氢酶复合体(复合体Ⅱ)活性变化。结果:注射顺铂7日后小鼠肝脏中SOD和GSH-PX活性及GSH含量下降,MDA含量升高,同时给予四物合剂小鼠肝脏中SOD含量上升,GSH-PX活性及GSH含量、MDA含量均下降;顺铂小鼠肝线粒体中NADH脱氢酶复合体(复合体Ⅰ)活性升高,琥珀酸脱氢酶复合体(复合体Ⅱ)活性下降,四物合剂可减弱该反应。结论:顺铂模型小鼠肝组织细胞潜在抗氧化能力明显下降,四物合剂可改善此现象,其作用机制可能与升高机体内抗氧化酶活性、减少自由基生成有关。     

浅谈新时期医院设备管理的细则

设备管理是指设备从到货起,经验收入库,出库发放使用,在用设备管理,使用率调查,调配使用,直到报废、退库利用这一全过程的管理.在以往的设备管理当中,我们把所有的注意力都集中在设备本身,对设备的数量(即全院拥有设备的总台数)对设备的等级(即千元以上设备及万元以上设备)的统计等倍加关注,因为这是衡量医院大小、规模的依据,是医院固定资产的重要组成部分.     

肺表面活性物质-呼气末正压治疗血浆诱导的急性呼吸窘迫综合征

目的研究在急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)时,联合应用肺表面活性物质(PS)和呼气末正压(PEEP)治疗的效果,并探讨两者之间的关系。方法45只健康SD大鼠,体重为200~312g,麻醉后进行机械通气,气管内滴注血浆至PaO2<200mmHg,将实验动物随机分为PEEP4.0(4 cmH2O)和PEEP7.5(7.5 cmH2O)条件下对照组、PS100(100mg/kg)组和PS200(200mg/kg)组共6组,分别在滴注血浆前、急性肺损伤制成后、给药后30、60、90、120、150和180分钟测定大鼠血气分析、静态比胸肺顺应性(Cst)。实验后取左肺用于病理检查和计算肺指数(LI)。结果经过血浆滴注后,各组实验动物PaO2和Cst分别下降到79.8±19.8mmHg和0.42±0.07m l/(cmH2O.kg)。PEEP7.5PS200组和PS100组的PaO2回升至383±57mmHg和398±51mmHg,明显高于其他4组(P<0.01),此两组比较,PaO2无显著差别。PEEP7.5水平下的3个组,PaO2和LI均显著高于PEEP4.0各对应组(P<0.05)。PEEP7.5PS 100组和PS200组大鼠肺透明膜形成显著少于其他四组(P<0.05),PEEP7.5PS100组肺透明膜形成显著少于PEEP4.0PS200组(P<0.05)。结论在滴注血浆诱导的大鼠ARDS时,高剂量PS较低剂量PS能更有效对抗血浆蛋白的抑制作用;使用合适的较高PEEP与低剂量PS联合治疗能有效改善肺氧合功能和胸肺顺应性,并节省PS用量。     

糖尿病终末期肾病血液透析患者危险因素分析及对策

目的:探讨有关危险因数对糖尿病终末期肾病(DN-ESRD)血液透析患者生活质量与存活时间的影响,提高DN-ESRD血液透析患者治疗水平。方法:选择二组血液透析患者对照观察,一组为11例DN-ESRD,另一组为17例非糖尿病终末期肾病(NDN-ESRD)。分析死亡原因、存活率、并发症、营养状态、血生化改变。结果:DN-ESRD组1年、3年存活率分别为72%和27%,主要并发症及死因为心血管病变,与非糖尿病终末期肾病组有显著性差异。二组营养状态评估(SGA)均差,但ESDN的血浆白蛋白明显低于NDN-ESRD患者。结论:DN-ESRD并发症发生率及病死率均比NDN-ESRD患者高,存活率低。提高营养,防治并发症是提高存活率的关键。     

胰腺癌放化疗的现状及研究进展

胰腺癌是难治的恶性肿瘤之一，手术是唯一可治愈的手段，手术切除的可能性10％-20％，术后辅助治疗疗效尚不明确，晚期胰腺癌目前尚无治愈可能。以5-FU为基础的化疗显著优于最好的支持治疗，健择联合化疗方案并不优于单药治疗，与新化疗药物相比健择仍为最优药物。放疗同步化疗是否提高胰腺癌患者生存率及最优放化疗方案有待进一步研究。