低位直肠癌患者行肠造口围手术期护理

直肠癌是消化道常见的恶性肿瘤，其中距肛缘5cm以下的直肠癌采用Miles术，在腹部做永久性造口。患者生理、心理及生活上的一系列变化，严重影响患者的生活质量。围手术期护理和健康指导对患者的康复和生活质量的提高非常重要。     

帕瑞昔布钠对老年腹腔镜手术患者炎性因子及认知功能障碍的影响

目的 探讨帕瑞昔布钠对老年腹腔镜手术患者炎性细胞因子及术后认知功能障碍(postoperative cognitive dysfunction,POCD)的影响. 方法 择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的老年患者80例,年龄≥65岁,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,体重45 kg～70 kg,性别不限.采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组:帕瑞昔布钠组(P组)和对照组(C组),每组40例.全身麻醉诱导前,P组静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,C组给予等容量生理盐水.分别于术前24 h、术后24 h和术后72 h采用简易智能状态量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)进行患者认知功能评分;分别于诱导前(T0)、切皮后即刻(T1)、二氧化碳气腹后0.5 h(T2)、手术结束即刻(T3)、术后第1天(T4)、术后第3天(T5)抽取静脉血样,采用酶联免疫吸附剂测定(enzyme linkedimmunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清中白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)的水平;记录72 h内POCD的发生情况. 结果 与术前24 h MMSE评分[C组(28.2±1.2)分、P组(28.8±1.0)分]比较,C组和P组患者术后24 h的MMSE评分[(23.0±2.5)、(25.0±2.8)分]均下降(P＜0.05);P组[(25.0±2.8)分]术后24h时MMSE评分高于C组[(23.0±2.5)分](P＜0.05);P组72 h内的POCD发生率较C组低(P＜0.05).与C组比较,T3～时P组血清TNF-α[(11.8±1.7)、(13.8±1.3)、(12.3±1.6)ng/L]和IL-6[(40±12)、(48±11)、(50±13) ng/L]浓度降低(P＜0.05);与To比较,两组T3～T5时血清TNF-α和IL-6浓度升高(P＜0.05). 结论 帕瑞昔布钠可减少老年腹腔镜胆囊切除患者POCD的发生,其机制可能与抑制炎症反应有关.     

外用喉症丸治疗带状疱疹30例疗效观察

外用喉症丸治疗带状疱疹３０例疗效观察解放军第４０５医院张继龙，姜秀丽治疗方法：取喉症丸（济南中药厂生产，含人工生黄、冰片、雄黄、蟾酥等）ｌ５０粒研成粉，加水或食醋３ｍｌ调匀，外涂于患处，每日４次，每次用药可反复涂擦数遍，３～５天为１疗程。每次需待药液...     

急性期脑梗死患者血清MMP-9水平动态变化意义及与预后的关系

目的 通过对急性脑梗死患者不同时间点血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(Matrix Metalloproteinase,MMP-9)的测定和比较,探讨MMP-9水平与脑梗死TOAST分型及预后的关系.方法 收集急性脑梗死患者60例,对照组20例,分别测定急性脑梗死患者发病24h内、第5天和第10天的血清MMP-9含量,记录患者入院时的美国国立卫生研究所中风量表(NIHSS)评分;随访6个月,记录发病1个月时和发病6个月时的BI(Baahal Index)来评价预后.结果 (1)发病后24h内,脑梗死组TOAST各亚型血清MMP-9含量均升高,与对照组比较差异具有显著性(P<0.05),其中,CE组和LAA组MMP-9含量持续至第5天仍未下降,而SA组已逐渐降至正常水平;第10天各组MMP-9含量均降至正常水平.(2)发病后24h内血清MMP-9含量与相应时段NIHSS评分具有直线相关关系(r=0.883,P<0.01).(3)预后较好组其发病24h内血清MMP-9含量明显低于预后较差组(P<0.05).结论 (1)脑梗死后各组血清MMP-9的含量升高,但它们的变化趋势不尽相同.(2)发病后24h内MMP-9含量与与病情的严重程度有关.(3)脑梗死后24h内的血清MMP-9含量是预后的独立预测因素.

Abstract：

Objective To determine and compare the level of serum MMP-9 at acute stage of cerebral infarction and to approach the relationship among the level of serum MMP-9 and the classification of TOAST and the significance in prognosis. Methods 60 patients with cerebral infarction were included in our study,while 20 healthy people served as the control group. The serum specimens were gathered for MMP-9 determination with ELISA on admission, at the 5th and 10th day of onset. All patients were scored according to the American National Institutes of Health stroke scale ( NIHSS) on admission and recorded Barthal Index(BI) in the 1st and 6 month of onset. Results (1)The serum level of MMP-9 increased after cerebral infarction,and was significantly higher than those in the control group(P <0. 05). There was no significant difference between CE and LAA group ( P>0. 05). MMP-9 in CE and LAA group was significantly higher than those in SA group (P <0. 05) . MMP-9 in SA group decreased to normal level while was still higher in CE and LAA group on the 5th day of onset. On the 10th day MMP-9 in all groups decreased to normal. (2) There was a positive correlation between MMP-9 within 24 hours of onset and NIHSS( r = 0. 883 ,P < 0. 01) . (3) The serum level of MMP-9 in the cases with better prognosis was significantly lower than those with worse prognosis. Conclusions (1) The serum levels of MMP-9 in all groups increased, but the tendency of their variation was not similar;( 2 ) Serum level of MMP-9 was related to NIHSS, can reflect the severity of the state of cerebral the severity of the state of cerebral infarction;( 3 ) The level of serum MMP-9 within 24 hours of onset can predict prognosis of cerebral infarction independently.     

脉络宁注射液治疗郁积性皮炎40例临床观察

脉络宁注射液治疗郁积性皮炎４０例临床观察张继龙，姜秀丽笔者两年来应用脉络宁注射液，治疗郁积性皮炎４０例，疗效满意，现报告如下：临床资料：４０例均为住院患者，年龄４６岁～８０岁，病程６个月～５年。病变部位：左下肢１５例，右下肢２０例，双下肢５例；病变范...